Creating value in ecosystems: Crossing the chasm between knowledge and business ecosystems   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bart Clarysse  Mike Wright  Johan Bruneel  Aarti Mahajan 《Research Policy》2014

Policy makers take initiatives to stimulate knowledge ecosystems in technology hotspots. It is implicitly assumed that these ecosystems will lead to value networks through which the participating companies can realize a competitive advantage. Value networks refer to business ecosystems where the value proposition is offered by a group of companies which are mutually complementary. The strategy literature suggests that business ecosystems lead to competitive advantages for each of the partners in the ecosystem. Based on a unique hand-collected database of 138 innovative start-ups in the region of Flanders, we analyze the knowledge and business ecosystem and the financial support network. We find that the knowledge ecosystem is well structured and concentrated around a number of central actors while the business ecosystem is almost non-existent at the local level. Further, we find that the financial support network is almost 100% publicly backed and fails to bridge the knowledge and business ecosystem. The implications for policy makers who tend to focus on the development of local ecosystems are discussed.  相似文献   

‘Moving beyond’: academic developers,academic identity,and strategic development     

Johan Geertsema 《International Journal for Academic Development》2017,22(3):183-185

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The effectiveness of university knowledge spillovers: Performance differences between university spinoffs and corporate spinoffs   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Karl Wennberg  Johan Wiklund  Mike Wright 《Research Policy》2011,40(8):1128-1143

While much prior research has focused upon how the Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) and other contextual characteristics shape the level of university spinoffs (USO), there is little research on entrepreneurial potential among individual academics, and to the best of our knowledge, no comparative studies with other types of spinoffs exist to date. In this paper we focus on an important but neglected aspect of knowledge transfer from academic research involving the indirect flow to entrepreneurship by individuals with a university education background who become involved in new venture creation by means of corporate spinoffs (CSO) after gaining industrial experience, rather than leaving university employment to found a new venture as an academic spinoff. We argue that the commercial knowledge gained by industry experience is potentially more valuable for entrepreneurial performance compared to the academic knowledge gained by additional research experience at a university. This leads us to posit that the average performance of CSOs will be higher than comparable USOs, but the gains from founder‘s prior experiences will be relatively higher among USOs whose founders lack the corporate context. We investigate these propositions in a comparative study tracking the complete population of USOs and CSOs among the Swedish knowledge-intensive sectors between 1994 and 2002.  相似文献   

On the need to repoliticise environmental and sustainability education: rethinking the postpolitical consensus     

Louise Sund  Johan Öhman 《Environmental Education Research》2014,20(5):639-659

This article draws attention to the possibilities of the ongoing philosophical discussion about cosmopolitan universal values in relation to the normative challenges in environmental and sustainability education (ESE). The purpose of this paper is to clarify the philosophical problems of addressing universally sustainable responsibilities and values in ESE. Our arguments draw inspiration from the work of three poststructuralist scholars: we explore how Butler develops her claim that universal assertion requires a cultural translation, how Mouffe exposes the political in universal claim and how Todd argues that education needs to introduce students to a political language that enables them to critically reflect on their own and other groups’ values and actions. In the concluding part, we suggest the following guidelines for rethinking ESE: unmasking the political dimension, re-politicising education, seeing beyond the relativist and objectivist divide and using passion as a moving force.  相似文献   

Dystopia and disutopia: Hope and hopelessness in German pupils’ future narratives     

Johan Nordensvard 《Journal of Educational Change》2014,15(4):443-465

Within the academic field of futures in education there has been concern that pupils’ negative and pessimistic future scenarios could be deleterious to their minds. Eckersley (Futures 31:73–90, 1999) argues that pessimism among young people can produce cynicism, mistrust, anger, apathy and an approach to life based on instant gratification. This article suggests that we need to discuss negative and pessimistic future visions in a more profound and complex way since these contain both hope and hopelessness. A pessimistic view of the future does not have to be negative in itself: it can also illustrate a critical awareness of contemporary social order. This article therefore aims to explore hope and hopelessness in young people’s dystopias about the future. Adopting dystopias may open up possibilities, whereas adopting disutopias will only lead one to believe that there are no alternatives to the current dominant model of global capitalism. Even a dystopia that predicts the end of the world as we know it might be the beginning of a world that we have not seen yet.  相似文献   

Effects of competition, exercise, and mental stress on secretory immunity   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ring C  Carroll D  Hoving J  Ormerod J  Harrison LK  Drayson M 《Journal of sports sciences》2005,23(5):501-508

It has been suggested that the psychological stress associated with competitive sports events may help to explain the increased susceptibility to respiratory infections due to reductions in secretory immunity. In the current study, we investigated the influence of competitive exercise and psychological stress on secretory immunoglobulin A (s-IgA). Salivary s-IgA and heart rate were measured in 62 healthy young recreationally active men at rest and, in a between-subjects design, following one of four 8-min tasks: mental arithmetic, cycling at workloads of 60 to 180 W (mean = 146 W), mental arithmetic while cycling, or competitive cycling. Mental arithmetic was associated with significant increases in s-IgA concentration (mean = 49 microg.min(-1)) and s-IgA secretion rate (mean = 25 microg.ml(-1)) compared with rest, while mental arithmetic combined with exercise was associated with a significant increase in s-IgA concentration only (mean = 124 microg.min(-1)). In contrast, competitive exercise and exercise alone did not influence s-IgA concentration or secretion rate. Heart rate increased modestly to mental arithmetic (mean = 7 beats.min(-1)) and substantially, and similarly, to the three exercise tasks (mean = 56(62 beats.min(-1)). The hypothesis that the psychological stress of competitive exercise contributes to increased susceptibility to infection via reductions in s-IgA requires further investigation.  相似文献   

High throughput fabrication of disposable nanofluidic lab-on-chip devices for single molecule studies     

Jeroen A. van Kan  Ce Zhang  Piravi Perumal Malar  Johan R. C. van der Maarel 《Biomicrofluidics》2012,6(3)

An easy method is introduced allowing fast polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) replication of nanofluidic lab-on-chip devices using accurately fabricated molds featuring cross-sections down to 60 nm. A high quality master is obtained through proton beam writing and UV lithography. This master can be used more than 200 times to replicate nanofluidic devices capable of handling single DNA molecules. This method allows to fabricate nanofluidic devices through simple PDMS casting. The extensions of YOYO-1 stained bacteriophage T4 and λ−DNA inside these nanochannels have been investigated using fluorescence microscopy and follow the scaling prediction of a large, locally coiled polymer chain confined in nanochannels.  相似文献   

The value of a non-sport-specific motor test battery in predicting performance in young female gymnasts   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

Vandorpe B  Vandendriessche JB  Vaeyens R  Pion J  Lefevre J  Philippaerts RM  Lenoir M 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(5):497-505

Gymnastics talent identification focuses on the identification of young gymnasts who display characteristics for potential success in the future. The aim of this study was to identify which current performance characteristics are related to performance in competition 2 years later. Twenty-three female gymnasts aged 7-8 years completed a multidimensional test battery measuring anthropometric, physical, and coordinative characteristics and were technically evaluated by expert coaches. Two years later, the all-around competition results of those gymnasts now participating in elite (n = 12) and sub-elite (n = 11) competition were obtained. None of the initial measurements significantly correlated with the results of the sub-elite gymnasts 2 years later. For the elite gymnasts, a non-sport-specific motor test battery correlated strongly with the competition result, with more than 40% of the variation in competition performance being explained by the result on that test 2 years earlier. Neither the coaches' judgement nor the anthropometric and physical characteristics were sensitive enough to predict performance. A motor coordination test might be valuable in the early identification of gymnasts, as its discriminative and predictive qualities might be sufficiently powerful for selection within a relatively homogeneous population of gymnasts exhibiting similar anthropometric and physical profiles.  相似文献   

Guest editorial     

Johan Liu  Mervi  Paulasto-Krockel 《上海大学学报(英文版)》2013,(3):197-197

Manufacturing technologies for making advanced micro systems have been developing in a rapid pace recently. Research progress towards nanosized structures and devices opens up a whole new horizon for miniaturized system integration. Advances in this field will have an enormous societal impact and economic benefit in areas such as information technology, energy, healthcare, and many more. There has been an enormous scientific and industrial interest in nanosized advanced technologies. The theories, tools and practices for the design, manufacturing and test of these systems are emerging. The aim of this special section is to capture some of the latest developments in integration technologies for the micro/nanosystems, with the following topics： Molecular and crystal assembly inside the carbon nanotube： encapsulation and manufacturing approachesElectroplating for high aspect ratio vias in PCB manufacturing： enhancement capabilities of acoustic streaming Local synthesis of carbon nanotubes for direct integra tion in Si microsystemsdesign considerations Waferlevel SLID bonding for MEMS encapsulation Effect of substrates and underlayer on CNT synthesis by plasma enhanced CVD These papers will briefly highlight important advance ments in manufacturing technologies of the micro/nano systems, and outline the blueprint of upcoming information technology revolution from the manufacturing point of view.  相似文献   

Defining ‘science-based targets’     

Inger Andersen  Naoko Ishii  Thomas Brooks  Cynthia Cummis  Gustavo Fonseca  Astrid Hillers  Nicholas Macfarlane  Nebojsa Nakicenovic  Kevin Moss  Johan Rockstrm  Andrew Steer  Dominic Waughray  Caroline Zimm 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(7)

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