Oxidant and antioxidant status in vegetarians and fish eaters     

K. Poornima  M. Cariappa  K. Asha  H. P. Kedilaya  M. Nandini 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):197-205

An adequate antioxidant reserve which is usually present in a vegetarian diet is associated with higher life expectancy. On the other hand habitual consumption of fish is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular diseases which is attributed to the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) present in it. However the PUFA are readily susceptible to oxidation leading to the formation of free radicals which is known to be involved in the causation of several diseases. The oxidant-antioxidant status of 23 vegetarians and 22 fish eaters was studied by determining the plasma lipid peroxides measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) and the antioxidants, viz. glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid, ceruloplasmin and uric acid. Results show that the ascorbic acid values were significantly higher in vegetarians. In addition, MDA correlated negatively with ascorbic acid only in vegetarians. However, correlation of MDA with glutathione showed a significant negative correlation only in fish eaters. There was no statistically significant difference in the MDA, GSH, ceruloplasmin and uric acid levels. The mechanism behind these findings are not clear and needs to be explored.  相似文献   

Optimization of configurations of field problem grids using network models     

G.J. Savage  P.H. Roe  G. Reedel 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1981,312(1):61-80

Optimization of grid configurations decreases the discretization error in the numerical solution of field problems. In this paper, the theoretical and algorithmic aspects of optimizing configurations of grids used in equilibrium, potential-type field problems is presented. The criterion for establishing the optimum grid and the steps required to move to the optimum grid are given. Sensitivity network modelling is invoked to systematically form matrices required in the algorithm. One-dimensional examples are presented to illustrate the validity of the approach.  相似文献   

The gasping myocardium: Critical Biochemical events during reperfusion and their defence     

D. K. Srivastava  P. P. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1993,8(1):1-4

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Changes in serum lipids in normal and diabetic guinea pigs on feeding Phaseolus aureus (Green gram)     

Anurag Srivastava  L. D. Joshi  S. P. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1989,4(1):50-57

Normal and alloxan induced diabetic guinea pigs were kept on whole seed diet of green gram for 4 weeks. Serum total lipids were found to be significantly decreased in both normal and diabetic guinea pigs (P <0.001)—Both free and esterified fractions of cholesterol were found to be lowered significantly in diabetic animals (P<0.05; <0.01, respectively), whereas only esterified fraction was reduced significantly in case of normals (P<0.05). Significant lowering of triglyceride levels (P<0.01) was also noticed in both normal as well as diabetic guinea pigs while phospholipids remained almost unaffected. Green gram feeding decreased the total cholesterol / phospholipid ratio from 0.630 to 0.625 in normal and from 1.039 to 0.850 in diabetic guinea pigs indicating its antiatherogenic nature.  相似文献   

Strategies in pharmaceutical research     

P.A.J Janssen 《Endeavour》1985,9(1):28-33

Until comparatively recently the only systematic means of discovering new biologically active substances was laboriously to screen very large numbers of compounds. Now, however, computer graphics is replacing this crude shotgun technique and making it possible to display in some detail the conformation of substances before they are synthesized and determine how far they match the essential features of those in which the biological activity desired has already been demonstrated.  相似文献   

Isolation and culture of Leydig cells from adult rats     

R. S. Sharma  P. C. Pal  M. Rajalakshmi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(1):27-33

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Technology transfer revisited from the perspective of the knowledge-based economy   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Fernand Amesse  P. Cohendet   《Research Policy》2001,30(9)

This contribution proposes a revised framework for understanding and analyzing the process of technology transfer in the perspective of the knowledge-based economy (KBE). The underlying hypothesis is that the context of the knowledge-based economy introduces a major shift in the way technology transfer is conceived. The traditional model of technology transfer was based on the vision of technology moving from one well-defined economic unit to another well-defined unit. We suggest that in the new perspective technology transfer is essentially considered as a specific knowledge-transfer process that depends on the ways firms and other institutions manage knowledge, in particular the co-evolution of their absorptive capabilities and their knowledge-transmission strategies. To support the theoretical analysis, we analyze the business case of Nortel Networks over the past 50 years.  相似文献   

Fluorescent probes: a new way to study lymphocyte activation     

Richard C. Nairn M.D.  Ph.D.  F.R.C.Path.  F.R.C.P.A.  F.R.A.C.P.  F.R.S.E.  Jennifer M. Rolland B.Sc.  Ph.D. 《Endeavour》1981,5(4):167-171

Fluorescent dyes can be used as cell probes which bind, according to their chemical structure, to particular subcellular regions of lymphocytes. Because of their sensitivity to variations in the local molecular environment, expressed by changes in fluorescence emission, they provide a means of studying the early events of lymphocyte activation to antigens and mitogens. The technology also yields a rapid assay of lymphocyte activation and thus new diagnostic tests of cell-mediated immunity, for example to organ transplants and to cancer.  相似文献   

Design and the management of multi-institutional research collaborations: Theoretical implications from two case studies     

Elizabeth A. Corley  P. Craig Boardman 《Research Policy》2006,35(7):975-993

Over the past three decades, U.S. science and technology funding agencies have increasingly supported large-scale, centralized, block grant-based research projects that often span multiple disciplines and institutions. This trend has developed at such a rate that research focused on understanding the management of these new collaborative models has largely not kept pace. We use two case studies of large-scale, multi-disciplinary collaborations to develop an institutional framework that illuminates the relationships among (a) the epistemic norms of the disciplines represented in the collaboration, (b) the organizational structure of these collaborations, and (c) the inter-institutional collaboration success.The results of our case study analysis demonstrate that large-scale, multi-discipline, inter-institutional collaborations need a relatively high level of development in either (1) the epistemic development of the disciplines involved in the collaboration or (2) the organizational structure of the collaboration. We argue that the domain (i.e. epistemic or organizational) that provides the highest level of institutionalization is the one that organizes the “rules” of the collaboration.  相似文献   

Acid base status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients     

Varinder Saini  Narinder Saini  Jasbinder Kaur  G. P. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1993,8(1):36-38

348 patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) were studied for their acid base profile using ABL-3 blood gas analyser (Radiometer, copenhagan). 185 patients (53.1%) had simple disorders (respiratory acidosis—53%, respiratory alkalosis—25.4%, metabolic acidosis—11.3%, metabolic alkalosis—10.2%). Mixed disorders were present in 131 patients (34.9%) (respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis—75.2%, respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis—14%, metabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis—5.7%, metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis—4.9%). Hypoxemia without other acid base abnormalities was observed in early patients of GOPD (42 patients—12%). Chronic respiratory acidosis was the most common finding in advanced cases of COPD (98%). An almost equal number of such patients had a mixed disorder of respiratory acidosis with metabolic alkalosis (91%). Salt restriction, prolonged use of steriods and hypokalemia were often related to metabolic alkalosis in such patients.  相似文献