英汉颜色潜在意义的对比     

唐云孝 《铜仁学院学报》2003,5(Z1):81-83

不同的文化背景下,颜色所代表的潜在意义也不相同,有时甚至是完全相反的.具有不同文化背景的人用非本民族语言进行交际时,若不对此进行区分,极易造成误解.  相似文献   

图书馆组织氛围优化探索——基于南京农业大学图书馆的案例分析     

唐惠燕  倪峰  陈蓉蓉 《图书情报工作》2016,60(12):87-94

[目的/意义] 组织氛围优化有助于提升馆员对图书馆的满意度和馆员的工作热情。案例分析有助于在更多图书馆推广组织氛围测评,进而为管理优化决策提供支持。[方法/过程] 南京农业大学图书馆借鉴美国图书馆界开展ClimateQUAL^TM测评的做法,在对ClimateQUAL^TM量表进行本地化改造的基础上,分别于2011和2015年对图书馆组织氛围开展量化测评,通过分析数据寻找存在的问题并不断优化管理方案。历经4年多时间,完成图书馆组织氛围的优化探索过程。[结果/结论] 前后两次测评数据对比显示,2015年得分较2011年整体有所提升,同时集思广益、创新、激励竞争、用户服务和团队合作5个指标得分明显提升,说明组织氛围测评的必要性和管理创新举措的有效性。  相似文献   

初中化学解题推理思维的案例分析     

许燕红  文庆城  唐力 《化学教学》2005,(6):55-57

在初中化学教学阶段,由于受年龄和身心发展的影响,学生思维的运作形式主要是具体形象的推理思维,包括演绎推理和归纳推理,本文结合具体的案例,从定性推理思维和定量推理思维两个方面加以分析。1 定性推理思维及其案例分析定性推理是确定研究对象具有某种属性的推理  相似文献   

Reliability of arterial spin labelling measurements of perfusion within the quadriceps during steady-state exercise     

Jonathan Fulford  Anni Vanhatalo 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(1):80-87

Arterial spin labelling (ASL) provides a potential method to non-invasively determine muscle blood flow and examine the impact of interventions such as supplementation and training. However, it's a method with intrinsically low signal, leading to limitations in accuracy and temporal resolution. To examine these limitations, the current study measured perfusion via ASL on three occasions in the rectus femoris of 10 healthy adults, during light and moderate exercise, over three different exercise durations. For data sampled over 9 min, light intensity exercise gave an average perfusion of 35.0 ± 5.1 ml/min.100g^?1 with a coefficient of variation (COV) of 16% and single intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.67. For the moderate bout, perfusion was 51.3 ± 5.6 ml/min.100g^?1 (COV 10%, ICC 0.82). When the same data were analyzed over 5 min 24 s, perfusion was 37.8 ± 11.13 (COV 30%, ICC 0.13) during light and 49.5 ± 8.8 ml/min.100g^?1 (COV 18%, ICC 0.52) during moderate exercise. When sampling was reduced to 1 min 48 s, perfusion was 41.2 ± 13.7 (COV 33%, ICC 0.26) during light and 49.5 ± 13.6 ml/min.100g^?1 (COV 28%, ICC 0.04) during moderate exercise. For 9 min a significant perfusion difference was found between the exercise intensities; however, this was not the case for sampling over 5 min 24 s or 1 min 48 s. Such findings illustrate the potential of ASL to non-invasively monitor muscle perfusion under steady-state conditions, but highlight that extended exercise protocols are necessary in order to generate date of sufficient reliability to be able to discriminate intervention dependent perfusion differences.  相似文献   

A kinematic analysis of the spine during rugby scrummaging on natural and synthetic turfs     

Ramesh Swaminathan  Jonathan M. Williams  Michael D. Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(11):1058-1066

Artificial surfaces are now an established alternative to grass (natural) surfaces in rugby union. Little is known, however, about their potential to reduce injury. This study characterises the spinal kinematics of rugby union hookers during scrummaging on third-generation synthetic (3G) and natural pitches. The spine was sectioned into five segments, with inertial sensors providing three-dimensional kinematic data sampled at 40 Hz/sensor. Twenty-two adult, male community club and university-level hookers were recruited. An equal number were analysed whilst scrummaging on natural or synthetic turf. Players scrummaging on synthetic turf demonstrated less angular velocity in the lower thoracic spine for right and left lateral bending and right rotation. The general reduction in the range of motion and velocities, extrapolated over a prolonged playing career, may mean that the synthetic turf could result in fewer degenerative injuries. It should be noted, however, that this conclusion considers only the scrummaging scenario.  相似文献   

The effect of 14 weeks of vitamin D3 supplementation on antimicrobial peptides and proteins in athletes     

Cheng-Shiun He  William D. Fraser  Jonathan Tang  Kirsty Brown  Stephen Renwick  Jay Rudland-Thomas 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(1):67-74

Heavy training is associated with increased respiratory infection risk and antimicrobial proteins are important in defence against oral and respiratory tract infections. We examined the effect of 14 weeks of vitamin D₃ supplementation (5000 IU/day) on the resting plasma cathelicidin concentration and the salivary secretion rates of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), cathelicidin, lactoferrin and lysozyme in athletes during a winter training period. Blood and saliva were obtained at the start of the study from 39 healthy men who were randomly allocated to vitamin D₃ supplement or placebo. Blood samples were also collected at the end of the study; saliva samples were collected after 7 and 14 weeks. Plasma total 25(OH)D concentration increased by 130% in the vitamin D₃ group and decreased by 43% in the placebo group (both P = 0.001). The percentage change of plasma cathelicidin concentration in the vitamin D₃ group was higher than in the placebo group (P = 0.025). Only in the vitamin D₃ group, the saliva SIgA and cathelicidin secretion rates increased over time (both P = 0.03). A daily 5000 IU vitamin D₃ supplement has a beneficial effect in up-regulating the expression of SIgA and cathelicidin in athletes during a winter training period, which could improve resistance to respiratory infections.  相似文献   

Explaining match outcome in elite Australian Rules football using team performance indicators     

Sam Robertson  Nicole Back  Jonathan D. Bartlett 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(7):637-644

The relationships between team performance indicators and match outcome have been examined in many team sports, however are limited in Australian Rules football. Using data from the 2013 and 2014 Australian Football League (AFL) regular seasons, this study assessed the ability of commonly reported discrete team performance indicators presented in their relative form (standardised against their opposition for a given match) to explain match outcome (Win/Loss). Logistic regression and decision tree (chi-squared automatic interaction detection (CHAID)) analyses both revealed relative differences between opposing teams for “kicks” and “goal conversion” as the most influential in explaining match outcome, with two models achieving 88.3% and 89.8% classification accuracies, respectively. Models incorporating a smaller performance indicator set displayed a slightly reduced ability to explain match outcome (81.0% and 81.5% for logistic regression and CHAID, respectively). However, both were fit to 2014 data with reduced error in comparison to the full models. Despite performance similarities across the two analysis approaches, the CHAID model revealed multiple winning performance indicator profiles, thereby increasing its comparative feasibility for use in the field. Coaches and analysts may find these results useful in informing strategy and game plan development in Australian Rules football, with the development of team-specific models recommended in future.  相似文献   

The effects of physical contact type on the internal and external demands during a rugby league match simulation protocol     

Jonathan P. Norris  Jamie Highton  Stephen F. Hughes  Craig Twist 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(19):1859-1866

The aim of this study was to investigate how the type of contact influences physiological, perceptual and locomotive load during a simulated rugby league match. Eleven male university rugby league players performed two trials of the rugby league movement simulation protocol for interchange forwards with a traditional soft tackle bag and a weighted tackle sled to replicate contact demands. The interchange forward-specific simulation was chosen given the contact frequency is higher for this group of players compared to whole match players. Locomotive rate, sprint speed, tackle intensity, heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion were analysed during the first and second bouts that replicated two ~23 min on-field passages. Countermovement jump (CMJ) was measured before and immediately after each trial. More time was spent in heart rate zone between 91 and 100% HR_peak during the first (effect size ± 90% confidence interval: 0.44 ± 0.49) and second bouts (0.44 ± 0.43), and larger (0.6 ± 0.69) decrements in CMJ performance were observed during the sled trial (5.9, s = 4.9%) compared to the bag trial (2.6, s = 5.4%). Changing the type of contact during the match simulation subtly altered both the internal and external loads on participants. Using a standard tackle bag results in faster sprint speed to contact, but lower overall high-intensity running. Conversely, a heavier tackle object increases the internal load and results in greater lower limb neuromuscular fatigue as reflected by the decrease in CMJ performance.  相似文献   

硝酸法处理废硬质合金回收金属钴和碳化钨     

汤青云  段冬平 《湖南城市学院学报》1996,(6)

介绍了用硝酸法处理废硬质合金，回收金属钴和碳化钨的方法，并且设计了对废气氛氧化物的处理方法，消除了对环境的污染。是一种工艺简单，投资省，成本低，能耗少，污染小的回收工艺。  相似文献   

中职教师在职攻读硕士学位问题探讨   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

饶异伦  唐玉凤 《职业技术教育》2006,27(7):30-32

近年来,中职教师在职攻读硕士学位的过程中,出现了许多不尽人意之处,如学员学前背景、学前动机、学中态度、学中效果、学后质量等差异较大,影响了培养质量。为此,有必要加强与学员所在单位的联系与合作;加强对学员的管理与规范;以人为本,全面提高学员综合素质和学术价值观;优化导师的整体指导资源,提升导师小组的指导能力。  相似文献