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Yoko Kobayashi 《Higher Education》2013,66(3):269-281
The era of Asia has been felt in foreign language education in Japan, with more and more youth reportedly opting to study Chinese and Korean as the second foreign language. The shift in popularity, from European to Asian languages, not only reflects the societal demand for the institutional rearrangement of academic staff but also stirs teachers of European languages to appeal for the continued study of their language. The present discussion paper, drawing from secondary statistics and scholarly knowledge, first reviews a series of Japan’s foreign language education policies from the 1990s to 2012 that have been affecting the organizational structure of foreign language education in Japanese higher education. The study then addresses an array of issues that emerge with the changing needs of the times: the waning popularity of European languages, the Japanese government’s policy shift to English and Chinese, English language professionals’ detached attitudes toward other language education, and the dominance of university language teachers with little to no language teaching training. By addressing these pending yet gravely overlooked issues that merit due attention from language teaching professionals beyond Japan, the present study hopes to provide insight into the traditionally one-sided, English-centric discussion on foreign language education in Japanese higher education in a matter that is informative for international scholarship. 相似文献
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Siqi Wang Mervin Zhao Changjian Zhang Sui Yang Yuan Wang Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi James Hone Xiang Zhang 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(2):248
Band structure determines the motion of electrons in a solid, giving rise to exotic phenomena when properly engineered. Drawing an analogy between electrons and photons, artificially designed optical lattices indicate the possibility of a similar band modulation effect in graphene systems. Yet due to the fermionic nature of electrons, modulated electronic systems promise far richer categories of behaviors than those found in optical lattices. Here, we uncovered a strong modulation of electronic states in bilayer graphene subject to periodic potentials. We observed for the first time the hybridization of electron and hole sub-bands, resulting in local band gaps at both primary and secondary charge neutrality points. Such hybridization leads to the formation of flat bands, enabling the study of correlated effects in graphene systems. This work may provide a novel way to manipulate electronic states in layered systems, which is important to both fundamental research and application. 相似文献
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Naoki Mantani Hiroshi Oka Takashi Watanabe Kyohei Miyakawa Yoko Kimura 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(3):375
HLA association with drug-induced liver injury has recently been pointed out about multiple medicines. The aim of this study was to evaluate relationship between HLA gene and liver injury related to Baikal skullcap-containing Kampo medicines (BSCK). We previously examined HLA genes in 3 cases of BSCK-induced liver injury. Recently we could encounter 2 cases diagnosed as “definitely-related case” of BSCK-induced liver injury. HLA genes of the 2 cases were analyzed by Sequencing Based Typing method with Next Generation Sequencer at HLA Laboratory in Kyoto. HLA-DPA1*02:02:02 and DPB1*05:01:01 were observed in the 2 cases: concordance was not observed in HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DRB4, DQA1, or DQB1. The previous 3 cases of BSCK-induced liver injury had the same allele type to the 2 cases only in HLA-DPA1. Putting all these together, HLA-DPA1*02:02:02 was observed in common among 5 cases of BSCK-induced liver injury. HLA-DPA1*02:02:02 is possibly associated with BSCK-induced liver injury. 相似文献
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Yoko Yamasaki 《History of education》2013,42(3):335-349
This paper offers an account of the historic and ongoing international interchange between Britain and Japan in the field of progressive education. Concentrating on the last half-century, it takes two reference points from Roy Lowe’s writings in 1977 and 2006. Eveline Lowe Primary was a newly built model progressive school when documented by him in a seminal work on school architecture, later becoming a key point of interest for Japanese educationists. The British educational policy context against which this exchange of ideas and practices occurred was later documented by Lowe in a major book. Contemporaneous debates and events within Japanese society and government meanwhile provided the impetus for networks of research and transmission of progressive practices. The most recent turn in the narrative presented here demonstrates Japanese support for independent progressive practice continuing in the UK. Responding to an extensive historical research literature on transnational migration of educational ideals and practices this paper constitutes a micro-study that draws on personal memory, oral testimony, records of classroom observation on site and by means of video-conferencing, in addition to more formal documentation of conference proceedings and policy-making. 相似文献
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Shuang Wang Chen-Yu Wang Pengfei Wang Cong Wang Zhu-An Li Chen Pan Yitong Dai Anyuan Gao Chuan Liu Jian Liu Huafeng Yang Xiaowei Liu Bin Cheng Kunji Chen Zhenlin Wang Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Shi-Jun Liang Feng Miao 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(2)
Compared to human vision, conventional machine vision composed of an image sensor and processor suffers from high latency and large power consumption due to physically separated image sensing and processing. A neuromorphic vision system with brain-inspired visual perception provides a promising solution to the problem. Here we propose and demonstrate a prototype neuromorphic vision system by networking a retinomorphic sensor with a memristive crossbar. We fabricate the retinomorphic sensor by using WSe2/h-BN/Al2O3 van der Waals heterostructures with gate-tunable photoresponses, to closely mimic the human retinal capabilities in simultaneously sensing and processing images. We then network the sensor with a large-scale Pt/Ta/HfO2/Ta one-transistor-one-resistor (1T1R) memristive crossbar, which plays a similar role to the visual cortex in the human brain. The realized neuromorphic vision system allows for fast letter recognition and object tracking, indicating the capabilities of image sensing, processing and recognition in the full analog regime. Our work suggests that such a neuromorphic vision system may open up unprecedented opportunities in future visual perception applications. 相似文献
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Yoko Yamato 《比较教育研究》2002,23(4):62
本论文是对一个小的地区范围内不同学校体制的比较研究.过去十年里,香港的国际学校蓬勃发展,每年都有更多的新校开办,更多的老校扩建.除了满足各种侨民社区的需要外,这些学校也吸引了移民海外又回归的港人及寻求本地教育体制以外学校的当地家庭. 相似文献
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A new PWM converter based on soft-switching is introduced.The converter uses a minimum number of devices,and requires less switching operations than conventional techniques,Switching is realized solely in a ZVS)zero voltage switching)mode,therefore the loss is reduced and EMI(electromagnetic interference)is suppressed.The paper analyzes the operation of ZVS,and discusses the methods for maintaining a unit power factor and constant DC voltage.Changing the modulation index M and the phase angle θ keeps the input current in phase with the voltage.It also keeps the current sinusoidal,and ensures a constant output voltage. 相似文献