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71.
Loren Cordain Alan Tucker Debbie Moon Joel M. Stager 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):70-74
Abstract To determine whether respiratory muscle strength is related to pulmonary volume differences in athletes and nonathletes, 11 intercollegiate female swimmers, 11 female cross-country runners, and two nonathletic control groups, matched to the athletes in height and age, were evaluated for pulmonary parameters including maximal inspiratory pressure (Plmax) and maximal expiratory pressure (PEmax). Swimmers exhibited larger (p < .05) vital capacities (VC), residual lung volumes (RV), inspiratory capacities (IC), and functional residual capacities (FRC) than both the runners or the controls but no difference (p > .05) in either Plmax or inspiratory flow (FIV25%-75%). Timed expiratory volumes (FEV Q.5 m and FEV1.0 were significantly (p < .05) lower in the swimmers than in the controls. These data suggest that an adaptational growth may be responsible, in part, for the augmented static lung volumes demonstrated in swimmers 相似文献
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为了搞清毛腿沙鸡(Syrrhaptes paradoxus)组织器官的结构特征,为动物学研究和生理学研究提供基础资料,利用组织学方法对毛腿沙鸡的肺、肝脏、胰腺及消化道进行了观察.结果表明:肺与大多数鸟类相似,主要由各级支气管及其周围的呼吸毛细管组成,肺房围绕三级支气管呈辐射状排列,呼吸毛细管相互吻合成网状,周围有丰富的毛细血管网.肝小叶分界不清且不规则,围绕中央静脉,肝细胞2～7个成团或两层肝细胞组成不连续的肝细胞索呈放射状排列.消化管壁由粘膜层、粘膜下层、肌层和外膜组成.各部主要区别在于粘膜层不同:食管粘膜为复层扁平柱状上皮,胃、小肠和直肠上皮为单层柱状上皮.管壁皱襞的形态、腺体分布情况、肌层的相对厚度等在消化道各部也存在差异. 相似文献
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有氧运动对女大学生身体形态、成分及心肺功能影响的研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
为了进一步阐明有氧运动对女大学生身体形态、成分及心肺功能的影响,探讨有氧运动对改变身体形态和塑造优美身材的作用,采用对比实验的方法对参加有氧运动的女大学生身体形态、成分及心肺功能进行测量研究,结果显示:经过有氧运动的女大学生身材更加健美;BMI、WHR、体脂率都明显小于对照组;肺活量、每搏输出量、最大摄氧量和射血分数都明显增大,心肌的收缩能力明显增强. 相似文献
75.
刘涛 《军事体育进修学院学报》2011,30(2):120-122
考察胸围与氧通气当量及其相关参数间的关系.受试者为197名汉族成年男性.测定其安静状态下胸围(平静呼气末)、身高、体重、肺通气量、摄氧量和氧通气当量.结果显示:在控制协变量前后,胸围皆与氧通气当量无关(所有P≥0.67);在控制协变量之前,胸围与肺通气量和摄氧量关联(所有P＜0.001),但在控制身体质量指数(BMI)... 相似文献
76.
运动前后脉搏声和肺音信号的同步拾取与特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的：人们对脉搏声和肺音的研究已取得了可喜的研究成果，但对运动员这样一个特殊群体的研究未见报道。方法：运用无创声学检测方法，在现场对运动前后的脉搏声和肺音进行同步拾取，对所测得数据加汉宁窗进行功率谱分析。结果：安静时脉搏声和肺音的主峰频率和频率范围与身高、体重之间并不相关，但与运动成绩却有一定的关联。同样的脉跳次数，其脉搏声的主峰频率和频率范围是不一样的；运动后的脉搏声的频率范围向低频和高频两端延伸，而肺音的频率范围则向高频端偏移，主峰频率降低。不同运动项目之间存在着较大差异。因此，我们认为在运动训练中用声谱信号检测具有无创、快速、准确的特点，可作为监测和评价运动员心肺功能的方法之一。 相似文献
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分析莆田地区非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因突变的情况。收集138例莆田地区非小细胞肺癌组织,采用EliVisionTM plus免疫组织化学染色检测癌组织中EGFR基因外显子18、19、20及2l的突变,同时分析其突变与临床特征的关系。结果:138例NSCLC中共检出52例EGFR基因突变,EGFR突变阳性率为37.7%;外显子19和21突变占总突变的92.3%;腺癌突变发生率占突变总数的73.1%;女性EGFR基因突变率(55.0%)显著高于男性(30.6%)(P<0.05)。结果表明:莆田地区NSCLC患者EGFR基因突变以外显子19和21突变为主,女性患者和腺癌患者是选用EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的优势人群。 相似文献
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以溶解或循环形式存在于机体血清及其它体液中的可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1(sICAM-1)的重要生物学功能是,与膜型ICAM-1竞争性地结合白细胞膜表面的LFA-1、Mac-1等分子,参与机体的免疫调节,从而与肿瘤的发生、发展和转归密切相关。本文综述了sICAM-1的来源、结构、功能及其与肺癌的相互关系。 相似文献
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Jigna Joshi Apexa Raval Urja Desai Vinal Upadhyay Mansi Bhavsar Kanisha Shah Rakesh Rawal Harsha Panchal Franky Shah 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(1):51
In the era of the targeted therapy identification of EGFR mutation detection in lung cancer is extremely helpful to predict the treatment efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Unfortunately, the inadequacy and quality of the biopsy samples are the major obstacles in molecular testing of EGFR mutation in lung cancer. To address this issue, the present study intended to use liquid biopsy as the non-invasive method for EGFR mutation detection. A total of 31 patients with an advanced stage of lung cancer were enrolled in the study from which cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and FFPE tissue DNA was extracted. Extracted DNA samples were analyzed for further EGFR exon specific mutation analysis by ARMS-PCR. Data were analyzed statistically using SPSS software. In cfDNA samples, the prevalence of wild type EGFR was 48% while the prevalence of TKI resistant and TKI sensitive mutations were 3%. Conversely, in tissue DNA samples, the prevalence of wild type, TKI sensitive and TKI resistant mutations were 48%, 19%, and 3%, respectively. The overall concordance of EGFR mutation between cfDNA and tissue DNA was 83%. McNemar’s test revealed that there was no significant difference between EGFR expression of cfDNA and tissue DNA samples. Additionally, the significant-high incidence of TKI resistant mutations was observed in tobacco habituates, indicating the role of carcinogens present in the tobacco in developing resistant mutations. In conclusion, our data suggest that evaluation of EGFR mutation from cfDNA samples is practicable as a non-invasive tool in patients with advanced-stage of lung cancer. 相似文献
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Jian Chen Qing-wei Zhao Gen-ming Shi Lin-run Wang 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2012,13(11):875-883
Objective: XRCC1 polymorphism is a research hotpot in individual treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To obtain the association between XRCC1 polymorphism and clinical outcome of platinum-based treatment for NSCLC, a meta-analysis was conducted. Methods: Databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for publications that met the inclusion criteria. A fixed effect model was used to estimate pooled odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between XRCC1 Arg399Gln and response or survival of platinum-based treatment for advanced NSCLC. A chi-squared-based Q-test was used to test the heterogeneity hypothesis. Egger’s test was used to check publication bias. Results: Seventeen published case-control studies that focus on the association between XRCC1 Arg399Gln and response or survival of platinum-based treatment for advanced NSCLC in 2 256 subjects were included in this meta-analysis, of whom 522 were AA genotypes (23.2% frequency), 916 AG genotypes (40.6% frequency), and 818 GG genotypes (36.2% frequency). The overall response rate (ORR) was 45.2% (110/243) for AA genotype patients, 29.9% for AG genotype (73/244), and 30.7% for GG genotype (124/403). The heterogeneity test did not show any heterogeneity and the Egger’s test did not reveal an obvious publication bias among the included studies. The meta-analysis indicated that AA genotype patients presented higher response rates toward platinum drug treatment compared with G model (GG+GA) patients (GG vs. AA model: OR=0.489, 95% CI 0.266–0.900, P=0.021; AG vs. AA model: OR=0.608, 95% CI 0.392–0.941, P=0.026; GA+AA vs. GG model: OR=1.259, 95% CI 0.931–1.701, P=0.135; GG+GA vs. AA model: OR=0.455, 95% CI 0.313–0.663, P=0.0001). However, no evidence validates XRCC1 associates with the survival following platinum drug therapy. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis suggested that XRCC1 Arg399Gln is related with the sensitivity of NSCLC patients to platinum-based treatment. AA genotype patients present more desirable curative effectiveness compared with other patients. 相似文献