Responses to oral glucose challenge differ by physical activity volume and intensity: A pilot study     

Trevor N. Simper  Cecile Morris  Anthony Lynn  Ciara O'Hagan  Karen Kilner 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2020,9(6):645-650

BackgroundOne-hour postprandial hyperglycemia is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Physical activity (PA) has short-term beneficial effects on post-meal glucose response. This study compared the oral glucose tolerance test results of 3 groups of people with habitually different levels of PA.MethodsThirty-one adults without diabetes (age 25.9 ± 6.6 years; body mass index 23.8 ± 3.8 kg/m²; mean ± SD) were recruited and divided into 3 groups based on self-reported PA volume and intensity: low activity < 30 min/day of moderate-intensity activity (n = 11), moderately active ≥ 30 min/day of moderate-intensity PA (n = 10), and very active ≥ 60 min/day of PA at high intensity (n = 10). Participants completed an oral glucose tolerance test (50 g glucose) with capillary blood samples obtained at baseline, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min post-ingestion.ResultsThere were no significant differences between groups for age or body fat percentage or glycated hemoglobin (p > 0.05). The groups were significantly different in terms of baseline glucose level (p = 0.003) and, marginally, for gender (p = 0.053) and BMI (p = 0.050). There was a statistically significant effect of PA on the 1-h postprandial glucose results (p = 0.029), with differences between very active and low activity groups (p = 0.008) but not between the moderately active and low activity groups (p = 0.360), even when baseline glucose level and gender differences were accounted for. For incremental area under the curve there was no significant effect of activity group once gender and body fat percentage had been accounted for (p = 0.401). Those in the low activity group took 15 min longer to reach peak glucose level than those in the very active group (p = 0.012).ConclusionThe results suggest that high levels of PA have a beneficial effect on postprandial blood glucose profiles when compared to low and moderate levels of activity.  相似文献   

关键反应训练法干预自闭症儿童主动提问技能的个案研究     

郝怡娜  王树林 《保定学院学报》2020,(1):103-110

为探讨关键反应训练法对自闭症儿童主动提问技能的干预效果,采用单一被试研究中的跨行为多基线实验设计对一名自闭症儿童的物品主动提问、人物主动提问、地点主动提问等三个主动提问技能进行干预。研究结果表明关键反应训练法对自闭症儿童主动提问技能具有立即效果、维持效果和类化效果。为此,可以应用关键反应训练法对自闭症儿童进行训练。  相似文献   

汉-英双语者心理词汇的发展研究     

李黎  倪传斌 《外语教学理论与实践》2021,173(1):16-24

本研究应用反应时测量,探究汉-英双语者心理词汇的结构和发展.被试为两组大学生,执行汉-英翻译判断任务.576组实验材料由拉丁方分配为四个词表,均包含翻译词对、词形干扰词对、语义干扰词对和无关词对.组间比较发现,只有语义干扰效应量有显著差异.组内比较显示,只有高水平组语义干扰大于词形干扰.结果提示,汉-英双语者心理词汇结...  相似文献   

Systems model and individual simulations of training strategies in elite short-track speed skaters     

Thibaut Méline  Ludovic Mathieu  Fabio Borrani  Robin Candau 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(3):347-355

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of simulated training strategies on performance potential in elite short-track speed skaters. Training load and field-based criterion performances from fifteen athletes (10 males, 5 females) were collected over a 3-month training period and the relationship between training loads and performance was computed with a variable dose-response model using a genetic algorithm. Individual simulations of tapers preceded or not preceded by an overload training (OT) were assessed. We obtained a significant correlation between actual and modelled performances (R² = 0.76 ± 0.07). Regarding model parameters, no significant difference was found between males and females but the time to recover performance tended to be lower in females. Simulations in which the taper parameters were free highlighted that an exponential or a step taper were the most effective for increasing performance compared to a linear taper (p < 0.05). Optimal exponential taper duration after OT was 10.7 ± 2.4d and the optimal load reduction was 75.9 ± 3.7%. OT intensity had the greatest influence on the predicted performance, followed by OT duration, taper decay, and to a lesser extent load reduction during taper and taper duration. Thus, a variable dose-response systems model allows the evaluation of different taper strategies and their potential effect on performance changes.  相似文献   

不同抗阻训练方案对T淋巴细胞亚群迁移和凋亡的影响*     

王焱源 《广州体育学院学报》2019,(3):112-117

研究旨在探讨一次不同抗阻训练方案对外周血CD4＋和CD8＋T淋巴细胞亚群迁移和凋亡的影响。通过实验法15名无训练经历的健康青年男性分别进行一次以促进肌肉肥大（H-RT组,方案：70%1RM,10RM,3组,组间间歇1.5 min）和以改善肌肉耐力（E-RT组,方案：60%1RM,15RM,3组,组间间歇1 min）为目的的抗阻训练方案。并于训练前、训练后即刻、训练后2 h和24 h利用流式细胞仪测定表面标志物CX3CR1和annexin V表达量检测CD4＋、CD8＋T淋巴细胞亚群迁移和凋亡（用阳性表达率表示）。得出以下数据：（1）CD4＋T细胞在H-RT组运动后即刻和运动后24 h,annexin V和CX3CR1阳性表达率显著性升高（P<0.05）。E-RT组annexin V阳性表达率在运动后即刻降低（P<0.05）,24 h显著性升高（P<0.05）;CX3CR1阳性表达率仅在运动后即刻升高（P<0.05）。（2）CD8＋T细胞在H-RT组和E-RT组运动后即刻和运动后24 h,annexin V和CX3CR1阳性表达率均显著性升高（P<0.05）。通过对以上数据的分析,研究得出以下结论：CD4＋T淋巴细胞亚群对于急性抗阻训练的免疫反应存在运动方案依赖性。  相似文献   

降水对蔬菜价格的冲击效应——以广州为例     

翟志宏  江民星  常春英 《资源科学》2021,43(2):304-315

降水对蔬菜价格波动有重要影响,分析降水的蔬菜价格冲击效应对菜价预测及市场供需调整具有重要意义.本文首先构建了一个包含降水因素的蔬菜供需动态模型,揭示逐日降水对菜价的影响机制,并阐明了降水对不同蔬菜冲击效应存在异质性的原因;然后基于广州市2004-2018年逐日的菜心、生菜和豆角3种蔬菜零售价格数据及降水数据,采用VAR...  相似文献   

在华跨国公司独资化倾向分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

闫立罡  吴贵生 《科研管理》2006,27(4):31-35,43

跨国公司独资化趋势引起学术界和产业界,甚至政府的广泛关注,本文对独资化的概念、趋势、影响进行详细的界定与阐释,并提出C-R模型分析独资化产生的原因,分析了两种现象--跨国公司独资化趋势与中外合资企业不断出现--将长期并存的原因,最后本文提出了应对独资化的一些宏观和微观建议。  相似文献   

中国气候对全球气温增暖的响应   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

周子康  俞连根 《科技通报》1997,13(2):69-74

近４０年来，在全球气候变暖的背景下，中国气候也有明显的增暖趋势，北部增暖最明显，与全球平均温度变化相似，长江流域变暖不明显．冬季增暖最突出，夏季在部分地区有降温现象．近４０年，全国平均降水量趋于减少，北部减少最明显，中心在华北及山东半岛；长江中上游降水偏丰．表明近期我国气候对全球气温变暖的响应特点，主要表现表式：北方为暖—干型；长江流域为冷—湿型；华南大部为弱暖—干型  相似文献   

工作流响应时间概率分布分析     

卢光松  葛运建 《东南大学学报》2006,22(1):137-142

提出了一种基于流体随机Petri网的工作流响应时间概率分布计算方法.首先讨论了利用随机工作流网建模的一些相关问题,然后描述了如何将随机工作流网模型转化为流体随机Petri网模型,最后给出了该种流体随机Petri网模型的动态方程,说明工作流响应时间的概率分布可直接由流体随机Petri网模型的暂态解得到.该方法对工作流模型的结构没有提出任何限制,且工作流任务的处理时间可取任意概率分布,通过递归地使用网化简技术可有效地处理大型工作流模型.  相似文献   

山西省工业废弃物排放与经济增长之间的关系分析     

陈桂月  李海涛  梁涛 《资源科学》2013,35(6):1184-1193

本文采用山西省1986年-2009年间的GDP数据与3类工业废弃物排放量(工业废水排放量、工业废气排放量、工业固体废弃物排放量)数据,基于VAR(向量自回归)模型,通过变量平稳性检验、协整检验、格兰杰因果检验和脉冲响应分析方法,研究了山西省GDP与工业废弃物之间的关系.结果显示:随着山西省GDP的增加,工业固体废弃物排放量有所增加,GDP对工业固体废弃物排放量有较大影响;GDP增加的同时可以实现工业废水排放量的减少,这与山西省废水资源化再利用有很大关系;GDP的增加对废气排放增加的影响不大.说明山西省通过采取措施可以在GDP增长的同时,降低废弃物排放.建议加强对工业固体废弃物资源化利用,并进一步加强对废气及废水排放的限制及治理.  相似文献