Genetic etiology of spelling deficits in the Colorado and London twin studies of reading disability     

J. C. Defries  Jim Stevenson  Jacquelyn J. Gillis  Sally J. Wadsworth 《Reading and writing》1991,3(3-4):271-283

The basic multiple regression model for the analysis of selected twin data (DeFries and Fulker 1985, 1988) was fitted to spelling data from 100 pairs of MZ twins and 71 pairs of same-sex DZ twins tested in the Colorado Reading Project (DeFries, Olson, Pennington and Smith 1991), and to data from 12 pairs of MZ twins and 15 pairs of same-sex DZ twins tested in the London twin study of reading disability (Stevenson, Graham, Fredman and McLoughlin 1984, 1987). Estimates of h _g ² obtained from analyses of these data suggest that about 60% of the deficit of probands is due to heritable influences in both samples. When a regression model was fitted separately to data from males and females in the combined Colorado and London samples, resulting estimates of h _g ² were 0.66±0.18 and 0.56±0.19, respectively, a nonsignificant difference. Collaborative analyses of data from additional twin studies of reading disability would facilitate more rigorous tests of hypotheses of differential genetic etiology as a function of group membership.  相似文献   

教育管理的审美价值     

孙玉丽  陶陶 《南阳师范学院学报》2003,2(1):104-107

“美是和谐”,“美是人类实践的产物,它是自然的人化”,按照这些美学观点来审视教育管理。可发现教育管理也具有审美价值。其审美价值在教育管理的产生上表现为发生美;在教育管理的过程中表现为过程美,又可分为运行美和对象化美;在教育管理的目的上表现为目的美,又可分为效率美和人性美,其中人性美又为表层美(教育)和深层美(受教育)。  相似文献   

制度共识的异质发生学--政治秩序整合的社会基础分析     

彭云望 《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2004,33(3):27-33

一定的社会基础决定着其所适用的政治秩序整合模式,整合模式变迁的合理性在于对由其社会基础所决定的潜在收益空间的释放,民主制作为一种高级整合模式,只适用于异质体社会。虽然民主与法治,更准确地说是民主基础上的法治,在思想形态上已经成为一种全球共识,也正是在这种西方现代明价值观的全球性扩张下,发展中国家面临着巨大的现代化压力。使这种思想共识演化为制度共识,对于发展中国家而言,重要的不是如何模仿发达国家的整合模式,而是如何促进本国社会的异质化进程,并在此基础上为制度共识的发生及稳定创造充分与必要的条件。  相似文献   

两种进化算法在BSS中的应用比较     

王昆  张伟 《西安文理学院学报》2009,12(2):36-39

介绍了两种分别引人遗传算法和免疫算法的盲源分离方法．通过仿真比较试验表明,两种算法对混叠信号的分离都有效,但基于免疫算法的分离效果都优于基于遗传算法的分离结果．  相似文献   

Inflammatory and apoptotic signalling pathways and concussion severity: a genetic association study     

Sarah Mc Fie  Shameemah Abrahams  Jon Patricios  Jason Suter  Michael Posthumus 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(19):2226-2234

The objective was to investigate the relationship between IL-1B rs16944, IL-6 rs1800795, and CASP8 rs3834129 genetic polymorphisms and concussion severity. Rugby players from high school, senior amateur, and professional teams completed a concussion severity questionnaire and donated a DNA sample. Participants (n = 163) were split into symptom severity groups around the median number and duration of symptoms. The frequency of participants with high symptom counts (more than five symptoms) increased across the IL-1B (C/C: 35%; C/T: 51%; T/T: 56%; P = 0.047) and the IL-6 (C/C: 31%; C/G: 44%; G/G: 58%; P = 0.027) genotypes. The C–C inferred interleukin allele construct frequency, created from combining the IL-1B and IL-6 genotype data, was lower in participants reporting a high symptom count (18%), compared to those with a low symptom count (fewer than six symptoms, 36%, P = 0.002). Similarly, the C–C inferred interleukin allele construct frequency was lower in those reporting prolonged symptom duration (more than one week, 16%), as opposed to short symptom duration (less than one week, 34%, P = 0.015). This study provides evidence of novel inflammatory pathway genetic associations with concussion severity, which supports the hypothesis implicating neuroinflammation in the development of concussion symptoms.  相似文献   

Confirmatory factor analysis of word recognition and process measures in the Colorado Reading Project     

R. K. Olson  J. J. Gillis  J. P. Rack  J. C. Defries  D. W. Fulker 《Reading and writing》1991,3(3-4):235-248

Measures of word recognition (REC) and two component skills, phonological coding (PHON) and orthographic coding (ORTH), were subjected to multivariate behavioral genetic analysis. Data were obtained from a sample of identical and fraternal twin pairs wherein at least one member of each pair was reading disabled (RD), and from a sample of twins wherein both members of each pair read in the normal range. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to fit the genetic, common environmental, and specific environmental covariance components for REC, PHON, and ORTH within the RD and normal simples. The resulting heritability estimates for REC, PHON, and ORTH were 0.59, 0.41, and 0.05 in the RD sample, and 0.35, 0.52, and 0.20 in the normal sample. After dropping the nonsignificant common environment parameters from the models, the genetic correlations between REC and PHON and between REC and ORTH were respectively 0.81 and 0.45 in the RD sample, and 0.68 and 0.45 in the normal sample. Differences between the genetic correlations were significant in the RD sample (p<0.005), marginally significant in the normal sample (p<0.10), and highly significant in the combined sample (p<0.001), indicating that genetic influences on individual differences in REC are more strongly related to genetic variance in PHON than in ORTH. These results are consistent with previous demonstrations of substantial genetic covariance between the disabled group's deficits in REC and PHON, but not between REC and ORTH (Olson et al., 1989; Olson and Rack, 1990).  相似文献   

遗传学"三条主线"教学探讨     

刘瑞祥 《长治学院学报》2002,19(2):62-63

文章突出以代表人物、时代背景、思想体系三条主线进行遗传学教学,探索了遗传学教学的新思路、新方法.  相似文献   

遗传学实验教学改革的实践与探索   总被引：15，自引：4，他引：15  

李雅轩  赵昕  胡英考  张飞雄  晏月明 《实验技术与管理》2006,23(4):99-101

遗传学实验课是大学生物教学中一门非常重要的实验课程.构建一种在坚持教师的主导作用的同时,可以积极发挥学生的主体作用的开放式教学模式,有效整合实验教学系统,引入开放式教学方法,这些在实验教学中都具有重要的意义.实践证明：遗传学实验教学模式的改革,使学生的综合素质得到了有效的提高.  相似文献   

多媒体技术在染色体实验中的应用     

王晓萍  王全伟  姚琳  郭长虹 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2012,31(2):69-70

为了提高遗传学实验课中染色体实验的教学效果,多媒体技术被引入到实验课教学中,通过自制和网络下载途径获得多媒体课件、动画、视频等资料。基于此,重点介绍多媒体技术在有丝分裂等实验中的应用,并对教学效果进行了评价和分析,以期进一步提高教学效率和教学质量。  相似文献   

Empirical validation of a modern genetics progression web for college biology students     

Amber Todd  William L. Romine 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(4):488-505

ABSTRACT

Research in learning progressions (LPs) has been essential towards building understanding of how students’ ideas change over time. There has been little work, however, into how ideas between separate but related constructs within a multi-faceted LP relate. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the idea of progression webs to model connections within and between related constructs simultaneously, and to explain and demonstrate the efficacy of path analysis towards validating a hypothesised progression web for understanding of modern genetics. Specifically, we evaluate strength of evidence for a progression web based upon multiple related constructs within a multi-faceted LP describing undergraduate biology students’ understanding of genetics. We then utilise the progression web to generalise theory around how undergraduate students understand relationships between related genetics concepts, and how they use simpler concepts to scaffold those which are more complex.  相似文献