间歇性低氧训练对小鼠机体细胞色素氧化酶和琥珀酸脱氢酶的影响   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

王茂叶 《天津体育学院学报》2005,20(6):26-28

目的:探讨间歇性低氧训练对小鼠有氧代谢酶细胞色素氧化酶(CCO)和琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)含量的影响。方法:经典方法测试间歇性低氧训练心肌、脑、股四头肌中CCO、SDH的含量。结果:心肌组织中,低氧训练组(EHG)比对照组(CG)和运动组(EG)及低氧组(HG)中CCO和SDH含量均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01);脑组织中,EHG中CCO含量最高,和CG、EG及HG均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),EHG比CG和EG中SDH含量均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),EHG比HG的SDH含量有显著性差异(P<0.05);股四头肌组织中,EHG中CCO含量最高,其中EHG与CG有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),与EG和HG皆无显著性差异(P>0.05),EHG中SDH的含量最高,其中EHG和CG有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),和HG及EG有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:间歇性低氧训练可以提高小鼠心肌、脑组织及股四头肌中CCO和SDH的含量,可以提高机体的有氧代谢能力,为此训练方法运用到运动训练提供科学的理论依据。  相似文献   

间歇性低氧暴露适应过程中运动对人体甲襞微循环影响的实验研究     

谌晓安  田野  胡扬  王琳  陈啸科  孔兆伟 《北京体育大学学报》2004,27(3):333-335

研究目的:观察间歇性低氧暴露适应过程中,人体甲襞微循环的时序性变化及探讨可能机制.研究方法:7名足球专业学生,每天在低氧室(O2%:15.4%,CO2%〈5 000 ppm,温度23±3℃,湿度63±5%)内休息10 h,每周7 d,共4周.分别测试常氧常压、急性低氧暴露、低氧2周、4周后安静时和定量运动负荷后甲襞微循环的变化.结果表明:急性低氧暴露后,甲襞微环出现明显的代偿性变化;从甲襞微循环流态积分、总积分时序性变化的角度来看,间歇性低氧暴露4周的效果要优于间歇性低氧暴露2周.  相似文献   

关于间歇运动能量供给     

陈胜强 《山东体育科技》2003,25(3):34-35,53

间歇运动作为有效提高运动员ATP—CP供能和有氧供能的一种重要方式，一直被很多运动项目采用。鉴于间歇运动的重要性和实用性，本文对该运动方式的能量供给作了较为详细的叙述。  相似文献   

间歇性低氧训练的临床应用研究   总被引：31，自引：0，他引：31  

雷志平 《成都体育学院学报》1997,23(3):65-68

间歇性低氧训练是近来在俄罗斯、瑞士等国首先用于治疗有关疾病而后引伸至体育运动中有关中长跑、滑冰、滑雪、赛艇等项目的训练。它是借助专用仪器使患者或运动员吸入低氧分压混合气体，给机体以适量缺氧刺激负荷用于临床治疗和提高运动能力的一种全新的科学方法。今就这一方法用于临床治疗予以论述。  相似文献   

关于全民健身活动的几点思考   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

陈英  刘丽萍 《河北体育学院学报》2001,15(3):72-74

建立一个完整的社会体育指导员培训基地 ,培养合格的社会体育指导员。体育专业教育和学校体育要与社会体育较好地衔接起来 ,加强全民健身锻炼的技能培养和指导工作。建立不同人群的体育锻炼模式 ,以适合各类锻炼者选用。有计划地建立国民体质监测监督机制 ,使国民确立终身体育的意识  相似文献   

一种山楂去核机的设计     

刘从伍  王文祥 《大众科技》2014,(8):95-97

对山楂去核机的方案进行了设计,其主要分为主传动和副传动。主传动主要有槽轮机构,通过槽轮机构带动工作台作间歇转动,副传动用于带动冲头上下运动,其主要组成为一对螺旋齿轮、凸轮和摆动推杆。文章对传动的基本参数和主传动中的槽轮机构进行了设计,其结果可以满足基本要求。  相似文献   

模拟高住低练对女子足球运动员运动能力影响的研究     

潘华山 《军事体育进修学院学报》2007,26(3):61-64

模拟高原训练方法之一的低氧屋有其独特的运动训练功能,通过观察用低氧屋间歇性常压低氧居住对女子足球运动员的运动能力的影响,发现：长期间歇性低氧居住可以提高女子足球运动员的运动能力,从一定程度来讲是低氧居住刺激RBC、Hb产生,血液携氧能力增加,最大摄氧量提高所致。  相似文献   

Effect of intermittent normobaric hypoxic exposure at rest on haematological,physiological, and performance parameters in multi-sport athletes     

Michael John Hamlin  John Hellemans 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):431-441

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine whether 3 weeks of intermittent normobaric hypoxic exposure at rest was able to elicit changes that would benefit multi-sport athletes. Twenty-two multi-sport athletes of mixed ability were exposed to either a normobaric hypoxic gas (intermittent hypoxic training group) or a placebo gas containing normal room air (placebo group). The participants breathed the gas mixtures in 5-min intervals interspersed with 5-min recovery periods of normal room air for a total of 90 min per day, 5 days per week, over a 3-week period. The oxygen in the hypoxic gas decreased from 13% in week 1 to 10% by week 3. The training and placebo groups underwent a total of four performance tests, including a familiarization and baseline trial before the intervention, followed by trials at 2 and 17 days after the intervention. Time to complete the 3-km run decreased by 1.7%[95% confidence interval (CI) = ?0.6 – 3.9%] 2 days after, and by 2.3% (CI = 0.25 ? 4.4%) 17 days after, the last hypoxic episode in the training relative to the placebo group. Substantial changes in the training relative to the placebo group also included increased reticulocyte count 2 days (23.5%; CI =?1.9 to 44.9%) and 12 days (14.6%; CI = ?7.1 to 36.4%) post-exposure. The effect of intermittent hypoxic training on 3-km performance found in this study is likely to be beneficial, which suggests non-elite multi-sport athletes should expect such training to enhance performance.  相似文献   

America's Cup yacht racing: Race analysis and physical characteristics of the athletes     

Vernon Neville  Julian Calefato  Cristina Pérez-Encinas  Enrique Rodilla-Sala  Sergio Rada-Ruiz  Paul Dorochenko 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(9):915-923

Abstract

The America's Cup is the oldest competing trophy in sport, yet little is known of the nature and intensity of racing or the physical characteristics of the athletes. In this study, aspects of the physical demands of America's Cup yacht racing were analysed, including the intensity of exercise and activity pattern of “grinding”. Anthropometric data were collected from 92 professional male America's Cup sailors, and fitness data from a top-4 and a lower-7 ranking team during the 32nd America's Cup. Over the 135 races, mean race duration was 82 min (s = 9), with 20 tacks (s = 10) and 8 gybes (s = 3) per race. Grinding bouts were 5.5 s (s = 5.4; range: 2.2–66.3) long, with 143 exercise bouts per race and an exercise-to-rest ratio of 1:6. Mean and peak heart rate was 64% and 92% of maximum for all positions, with bowmen highest (71% and 96%). Grinders were taller, heavier, and stronger than all other positions. Body fat was similar between positions (13%, s = 4). The higher-standard team was stronger and had greater strength endurance, which probably contributed to their quicker manoeuvres. Intensity of exercise was dependent on the similarity of competing boats and the role of the athlete. The short duration and intermittent nature of grinding is indicative of predominantly anaerobic energy provision.  相似文献   

The effects of combined glucose-electrolyte and sodium bicarbonate ingestion on prolonged intermittent exercise performance     

Mike James Price  David Cripps 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(10):975-983

Abstract

This study examined the effects of combined glucose and sodium bicarbonate ingestion prior to intermittent exercise. Ninemales (mean ± s age 25.4 ± 6.6 years, body mass 78.8 ± 12.0 kg, maximal oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O_2max) 47.0 ± 7ml · kg · min^?1) undertook 4 × 45 min intermittent cycling trials including 15 × 10 s sprints one hour after ingesting placebo (PLA), glucose (CHO), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) or a combined CHO and NaHCO₃ solution (COMB). Post ingestion blood pH (7.45 ± 0.03, 7.46 ± 0.03, 7.32 ± 0.05, 7.32 ± 0.01) and bicarbonate (30.3 ± 2.1, 30.7 ± 1.8, 24.2 ± 1.2, 24.0 ± 1.8 mmol · l^?1) were greater for NaHCO₃ and COMB when compared to PLA and CHO, remaining elevated throughout exercise (main effect for trial; P < 0.05). Blood lactate concentration was greatest throughout exercise for NaHCO₃ and COMB (main effect for trial; P < 0.05). Blood glucose concentration was greatest 15 min post-ingestion for CHO followed by COMB, NaHCO₃ and PLA (7.13 ± 0.60, 5.58 ± 0.75, 4.51 ± 0.56, 4.46 ± 0.59 mmol · l^?1, respectively; P < 0.05). Gastrointestinal distress was lower during COMB compared to NaHCO₃ at 15 min post-ingestion (P < 0.05). No differences were observed for sprint performance between trials (P = 1.00). The results of this study suggest that a combined CHO and NaHCO₃ beverage reduced gastrointestinal distress and CHO availability but did not improve performance. Although there was no effect on performance an investigation of the effects in more highly trained individuals may be warranted.  相似文献