肥胖影响健康的分子生物学基础   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

代天修 《体育成人教育学刊》2007,23(4):55-56

白色脂肪组织能分泌瘦素、脂联素、抵抗素、肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6等激素与细胞因子。肥胖者白色脂肪组织含量增加,改变了这些激素与细胞因子的水平,从而影响健康。  相似文献   

运动与脂联素的研究进展     

宋晨  张钧 《北京体育大学学报》2007,30(5):659-661

脂联素(Acrp30)是一种新的由脂肪细胞特异分泌的蛋白,具有调节糖脂代谢、抗炎症反应、抗动脉粥样硬化等多种效应.综述了Acrp30与AS、肥胖、糖尿病、及心血管疾病密切相关以及运动对Acrp30含量变化的影响的研究进展.  相似文献   

4～6岁儿童身体超重的评估方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘勇  吕新颖  吕晓标 《中国体育科技》2002,38(4):58-60

通过对学龄前儿童形态上的测量 ,以建立 1个稳定的预测方程式 ,来准确和可靠地评价学龄前儿童过度肥胖的问题。研究发现上臂围度、肩胛下皮褶厚度和年龄对方程式较为重要 ,并通过多元回归方程式和交叉确证 ,该方法能较准确评价学龄前儿童的肥胖程度  相似文献   

肥胖与有氧运动减肥的生物学分析(综述)   总被引：47，自引：3，他引：44  

于素梅 《北京体育大学学报》2001,24(1):62-63

主要从生物学角度分析肥胖产生的原因 ,剖析有氧运动的作用机理 ,着重探讨了有氧运动减肥的科学性 ,为肥胖者达到理想的体重提供理论指导。  相似文献   

肥胖对大学生身体素质影响的研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李静 《北京体育大学学报》2002,25(4):484-486

研究肥胖对大学生身体素质的影响,旨在发现其肥胖程度与身体素质方面存在的诸多问题,为高校体育与健康教育提供依据.调查结果显示,大学生体脂指数(BMI)与其身体素质相关,表现在随BMI的升高身体素质逐渐下降.因此高校可通过运动与肥胖、饮食与肥胖讲座及改变肥胖学生不良生活习惯及开设身体锻炼课程和加强课外辅导来控制肥胖学生体重,提高其身体素质.  相似文献   

单纯性肥胖儿超声心动及血清雌二醇的研究--新运动减肥法初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韩松 《北京体育大学学报》2000,23(2)

对肥胖儿进行三个月的运动训练,在此期间结合饮食结构的控制及生活习惯的矫正,在运动训练前后,分别对肥胖少儿心肺功能、皮脂厚度及血清雌二醇含量等诸多指标进行测定,并与正常少儿进行比较,同时探求一种简易有效的运动减肥法。结果表明：有氧运动十思维训练十柔韧训练,这种减肥方法对少儿肥胖的防治有显著的效果。  相似文献   

Promoting Prenatal Exercise From a Sociocultural and Life-Course Perspective: An “Embodied” Conceptual Framework     

Shannon Jette  Julie Maier  Katelyn Esmonde  Cherise Davis 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2017,88(3):269-281

Purpose: Prenatal exercise is a health behavior that is receiving growing attention amid concern that women in Western societies are gaining excess weight during pregnancy and contributing to future obesity in both the mother and child. In this article, we draw on insights from the fields of social epidemiology and social theory of the body to examine existing prenatal exercise interventions and to propose a multidimensional framework intended to guide future theorizing and intervention design. Method: A scoping review of existing prenatal exercise programs and interventions focused on controlling gestational weight gain was conducted. Articles published prior to January 2017 were obtained from PubMed and CINAHL, and relevant articles were identified (n = 62) using specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Identified articles were further analyzed to classify the level(s) of the socioecological model targeted in the intervention or program. Results: The majority of existing interventions target intrapersonal factors during pregnancy and do not attend to the role that cumulative exposure of social and structural disadvantage over the lifetime—not just during the prenatal period—plays in shaping health outcomes. In response, a multidimensional framework is proposed that includes key concepts that facilitate a life-course perspective, as well as attention to the integration of biological and social factors as they relate to health and health-related behaviors. Conclusion: Efforts to promote prenatal exercise and to improve maternal and infant health should attend to how systemic inequality impacts women’s health.  相似文献   

High-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training elicit similar enjoyment and adherence levels in overweight and obese adults     

Chantal A. Vella  Katrina Taylor  Devin Drummer 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(9):1203-1211

Background: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve cardiometabolic health during supervised lab-based studies but adherence, enjoyment, and health benefits of HIIT performed independently are yet to be understood. We compared adherence, enjoyment, and cardiometabolic outcomes after 8 weeks of HIIT or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), matched for energy expenditure, in overweight and obese young adults. Methods: 17 adults were randomized to HIIT or MICT. After completing 12 sessions of supervised training over 3 weeks, participants were asked to independently perform HIIT or MICT for 30 min, 4 times/week for 5 weeks. Cardiometabolic outcomes included cardiorespiratory fitness (VO₂ peak), lipids, and inflammatory markers. Exercise enjoyment was measured by the validated Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale. Results: Exercise adherence (93.4?±?3.1% vs. 93.1?±?3.7%, respectively) and mean enjoyment across the intervention (100.1?±?4.3 vs. 100.3?±?4.4, respectively) were high, with no differences between HIIT and MICT (p?>?.05). Similarly, enjoyment levels did not change over time in either group (p?>?.05). After training, HIIT exhibited a greater decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol than MICT (?0.66?mmol?L^?1 vs. ?0.03?mmol?L^?1, respectively) and a greater increase in VO₂ peak than MICT (p?<?.05, +2.6?mL?kg?min^?1 vs. +0.4?mL?kg?min^?1, respectively). Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein increased in HIIT (+0.5?pg?mL^?1 and +?31.4?nmol?L^?1, respectively) and decreased in MICT (?0.6?pg?mL^?1 and ?6.7?nmol?L^?1, respectively, p?<?.05). Conclusions: Our novel findings suggest that HIIT is enjoyable and has high unsupervised adherence rates in overweight and obese adults. However, HIIT may be associated with an increase in inflammation with short-term exercise in this population.  相似文献   

The governmentality of childhood obesity: Coca-Cola,public health and primary schools     

Darren Powell  Michael Gard 《Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education》2015,36(6):854-867

In this paper, we examine the emergence of what might seem an unexpected policy outcome – a large multinational corporation, frequently blamed for exacerbating childhood obesity, operating as an officially sanctioned driver of anti-obesity initiatives in primary schools across the globe. We draw on Foucault's notion of governmentality to examine the pedagogical work of two international programmes devised and funded by Coca-Cola. We demonstrate how these programmes work simultaneously as marketing campaigns and as governmental strategies to position children as responsible for their own health, conflate (ill)health with body weight and strategically employ the concept of energy balance. We argue that these programmes not only act to unite the interests of corporations, governments and schools, but also seek to use schools to reshape the very ideas of health and a ‘healthy life’. We conclude by considering two sets of ethical and political issues that come sharply as corporations like Coca-Cola continue to exploit the policy space created by the ‘obesity epidemic’.  相似文献   

中小学肥胖人群的心理压力分析及其调适策略     

胡春香 《科教文汇》2014,(4):191-192

随着我国物质水平的不断提高,肥胖已经成为威胁我国人民健康的重要因素,中小学生也不例外。肥胖除了会给我们的生理健康产生危害之外,还会对我们的心理健康造成影响,如产生抑郁和焦虑的情绪、人际关系方面的问题及较低的自我评价和自尊水平。但是,现有的关于青少年的肥胖问题主要是从生理方面进行研究,对心理方面的研究相对较少,笔者拟从肥胖对青少年造成的心理压力的角度分析,并提出相应的心理调适策略,为中小学心理健康教育提供理论依据。  相似文献