急性脑损伤时星形胶质细胞对神经元存活的影响     

张玉花 《甘肃广播电视大学学报》2006,16(3):50-52

参考国内外有关星形胶质细胞对脑损伤时神经元影响作用的主要途径的研究进展,从星形胶质细胞对谷氨酸的摄取与释放、星形胶质细胞对氧自由基的清除及细胞外K 、H 的缓冲及星形胶质细胞的代偿增值作用等几个方面,综述急性脑损伤时星形胶质细胞对神经元存活的影响。  相似文献   

俄罗斯科学人才流失及其警示意义     

宋兆杰  王续琨 《科学学与科学技术管理》2006,27(6):154-158

苏联解体后,俄罗斯科学人才出现严重的流失现象,受到国际上的广泛关注.科学人才流失的原因,主要是劳动报酬过低,生活不稳定.科学人才流失造成严重的经济损失,导致科学家队伍年龄老化,技术创新能力大为降低.最近十年来,俄罗斯通过制定相关法律和法规,实行资助金制度等措施,使科学人才流失问题得到初步缓解.俄罗斯科学人才流失现象的出现,对中国具有重要的警示意义.  相似文献   

Community Childcare Providers’ Role in the Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorders   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Diane Branson  Debra C. Vigil  Ann Bingham 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2008,35(6):523-530

The first few years of life represent a crucial period for optimal brain development for young children. Therefore, it is important to identify children at-risk for developmental delays, including autism spectrum disorders, at the earliest age possible. An argument for utilizing community childcare providers for universal developmental screening is presented along with suggestions for assessment tool selection and a model for developmental monitoring in community childcare settings.  相似文献   

脑缺血后短T1高信号的临床意义     

张绍伟  麦卫国  罗汉超 《河北北方学院学报(医学版)》2008,25(4)

目的:提高对脑缺血后出现短T1高信号的认识并探讨其临床意义。方法:分析23例患者脑梗塞后出现短T1高信号的MRI表现,全部病例均同时行CT检查和随访。结果:病变位于基底节区15例,皮、髓质区5例,小脑3例;基底节区病变呈斑片状短T1信号,皮、髓质区及小脑病变呈散在斑点状短T1信号改变;23例MRI检查出现短T1信号后,立即行CT检查,22例病变中无高密度影,1例枕叶梗塞部位出现少许点状高密度影与MR图像相似。结论:脑缺血后出现短T1高信号并非出血,而是多种因素综合所致,这对临床正确治疗选择很有意义。  相似文献   

Dementia analysis from functional connectivity network with graph neural networks     

《Information processing & management》2022,59(3):102901

Deep learning methods have been widely applied for disease diagnosis on resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) data, but they are incapable of investigating global relationships between different brain regions as well as ignoring the interpretability. To address these issues, this paper presents a new graph neural network framework for brain disease diagnosis via jointly learning global relationships and selecting the most discriminative brain regions. Specifically, we first design a self-attention structure learning to capture the global interactions between brain regions for achieving diagnosis effectiveness, and theoretically integrate a feature selection method to reduce the noise influence as well as achieve interpretability. Experiment results on three neurological diseases datasets show the effectiveness of our method, compared to the comparison methods, in terms of diagnostic performance and interpretability.  相似文献   

TCACNet: Temporal and channel attention convolutional network for motor imagery classification of EEG-based BCI     

《Information processing & management》2022,59(5):103001

Brain–computer interface (BCI) is a promising intelligent healthcare technology to improve human living quality across the lifespan, which enables assistance of movement and communication, rehabilitation of exercise and nerves, monitoring sleep quality, fatigue and emotion. Most BCI systems are based on motor imagery electroencephalogram (MI-EEG) due to its advantages of sensory organs affection, operation at free will and etc. However, MI-EEG classification, a core problem in BCI systems, suffers from two critical challenges: the EEG signal’s temporal non-stationarity and the nonuniform information distribution over different electrode channels. To address these two challenges, this paper proposes TCACNet, a temporal and channel attention convolutional network for MI-EEG classification. TCACNet leverages a novel attention mechanism module and a well-designed network architecture to process the EEG signals. The former enables the TCACNet to pay more attention to signals of task-related time slices and electrode channels, supporting the latter to make accurate classification decisions. We compare the proposed TCACNet with other state-of-the-art deep learning baselines on two open source EEG datasets. Experimental results show that TCACNet achieves 11.4% and 7.9% classification accuracy improvement on two datasets respectively. Additionally, TCACNet achieves the same accuracy as other baselines with about 50% less training data. In terms of classification accuracy and data efficiency, the superiority of the TCACNet over advanced baselines demonstrates its practical value for BCI systems.  相似文献   

学习技术典型案例：从社交机器人到大脑刺激——学习科学国际大会“学习技术”专题综述     

徐光涛  张怀浩  任友群 《现代远程教育研究》2014,(3):45-51,65

学习科学作为一门研究教与学的新兴交叉学科,自诞生以来就将学习技术设计作为重要的研究方向。在最近召开的学习科学国际大会“学习技术”专题研讨中,来自不同国家和地区的研究人员重点对四个方面进行了交流研讨。在社会性学习技术方面,社交机器人RUBI通过与儿童的对话和交互能有效提高儿童语言学习的效率;社会性教学代理（TA）能帮助学生学习并提高他们的学习和推理能力。在学习设计与分析技术方面,学习设计平台PPC能使教师在大数据的支撑下选择或设计学生学习方案;教育数据仓库DataShop能为研究者们提供研究学生学习行为、预测学生学习绩效、验证学习理论的环境。在认知描绘技术方面,CogSketch采用独特的方式促进学生对于描绘的认知理解,有利于学生高阶推理能力与空间能力的培养。在大脑刺激技术方面,经颅电刺激技术（tES）能够对大脑的功能进行塑造,有助于提高学生的数学学习效果。这些研究表明,学习技术正在从理论走向实践,逐渐影响教育决策和教育实践;学习技术的健康发展需要教育学、计算机科学、认知科学、脑科学等各领域研究者的紧密合作,只有这样才能使学习科学研究走向真实的学习境脉,促进学习者的深度学习。  相似文献   

Science Letters： Brain natriuretic peptide： A potential indicator of cardiomyogenesis after autologous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation？     

Li N  Wang JA 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2006,7(9):766-768

We observed in a pilot study that there was a transient elevation of brain natriuretic peptide （BNP） level shortly after the transplantation in the patient with ischemic heart failure, which is unexplainable by the simultaneous increase of the cardiac output and six-minute walk distance. Similar findings were observed in the phase I trial. We postulated on the basis of the finding of Fukuda in vitro that this transient elevation of BNP level against the improvement of cardiac function and exercise capacity might indicate cardiomyogenesis in patients after mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. Further study is warranted to verify the hypothesis.  相似文献   

百年脑科学     

赵国求 《武汉工程职业技术学院学报》1999,(1)

从1875年卡顿发现脑生物电至今,一百多年过去了.一百年来人类从三个不同层面对大脑做了全面的研究.第一个层面是生物学家和神经网络专家的战场,第二个层面是脑波技术专家和系统论专家的战场,第三个层面是哲学家和物理学家的战场.人类试图从三个不同的层面对大脑的工作原理和思维的本质做出回答.本文作者对百年来脑科学的研究历史做了全面回顾,指出思维本质上是一种电磁场物质(当然也可能有其他场物质成份).  相似文献   

脑梗塞患者血清SOD活力、MDA含量变化及临床意义     

罗学娅  李钧波  高卫 《大连大学学报》1998,(2)

本文用化学比色法测定了38例脑梗塞患者血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量,并观察了疾病不同时期的变化,结果表明,脑梗塞急性期组与对照组、脑梗塞急性期与恢复期之间均存在显著差别。  相似文献