Exercise training and impaired glucose tolerance in obese humans     

Andrea Margaret McNeilly  Marie Murphy  Jane McEneny  Tom Trinick  George Burke 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):725-732

Abstract

Individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are at greater risk of developing diabetes than in normoglycaemia. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of 12-weeks exercise training in obese humans with IGT. Eleven participants (6 males and 5 females; 49±9 years; mean Body Mass Index (BMI) 32.4 kg · m^?2), completed a 12-week brisk walking intervention (30 min per day, five days a week (d · wk^?1), at 65% of age-predicted maximal heart rate (HR_max). Anthropometric measurements, dietary intake, pulse wave velocity (PWV, to determine arterial stiffness) and blood pressure (BP) were examined at baseline and post intervention. Fasting blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, insulin, blood lipids, indices of oxidative stress and inflammation (lipid hydroperoxides; superoxide dismutase; multimeric adiponectin concentration and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) were also determined. Post intervention, PWV (9.08±1.27 m · s^?1 vs. 8.39±1.21 m · s^?1), systolic BP (145.4±14.5 vs. 135.8±14.9 mmHg), triglycerides (1.52±0.53 mmol ^. L^?1 vs. 1.31±0.54 mmol ^. L^?1), lipid hydroperoxides (1.20±0.47 μM · L^?1 vs. 0.79±0.32 μM · L^?1) and anthropometric measures decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Moderate intensity exercise training improves upper limb vascular function in obese humans with IGT, possibly by improving triglyceride metabolism, which may subsequently reduce oxidative stress. These changes were independent of multimeric adiponectin modification and alterations in other blood biomarkers.  相似文献   

Occupational Physical Activity,Overweight, and Mortality     

Sidsel Graff-Iversen  Randi Selmer  Marit Sørensen  Svetlana Skurtveit 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):151-161

Abstract

This population-based 24-year follow-up study evaluated the association of occupational physical activity (OPA) with overweight and mortality in 47,405 men and women, healthy at baseline, and reporting OPA as sedentary (reference), light, moderately heavy, or heavy. The adjusted odds ratio for overweight was slightly less than 1 for all categories of current nonsedentary work in men but increased by OPA in women. Only heavy OPA conferred a lower mortality with an adjusted rate ratio of 0.84 (95% confidence interval, 0.76–0.92) for men and 0.69 (95% confidence interval, 0.52–0.91) for women. This observational study, with OPA recorded in the 1970s and 1980s, suggested a slight protective effect for overweight by nonsedentary work for men and lower mortality by heavy OPA for both genders.  相似文献   

静坐少动行为与中年人群心血管疾病风险因素的相关性     

周誉  王正珍  刘强  赵俊彤  王艳  罗曦娟 《北京体育大学学报》2015,38(10):70-76

摘要：目的：探讨45~59岁人群中,静坐少动行为与心血管疾病风险因素之间的相关性。方法：随机招募愿意佩戴7 d加速度计的中年人群,客观测量一周体力活动水平,并采集血液样本。结果：中年人群中,静坐少动行为与躯干、下肢脂肪堆积和C-反应蛋白的相关性较密切且独立于MVPA（中等强度至较大强度体力活动）（P<0.05）;男性中,静坐少动行为与总胆固醇和LDL-C（低密度脂蛋白胆固醇）正相关（P<0.05）;女性中,静坐少动行为与空腹血糖、总胆固醇和LDL-C正相关（P<0.05）,与HDL-C（高密度脂蛋白胆固醇）负相关（P<0.05）。结论：在中年人群中,静坐少动行为与躯干和下肢脂肪堆积、C反应蛋白和脂代谢之间具有负性的相关性且独立于MVPA;另外,静坐少动行为对女性的糖代谢也具有不利影响。  相似文献