细胞凋亡与动脉粥样硬化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王光浩张敬芳  王生锋齐玉梅 陈梅 《荆门职业技术学院学报》2001,16(3):81-83

从细胞凋亡与动脉粥样硬化关系的角度阐述了细胞凋亡的证据及细胞凋亡的特点，探讨了动脉粥样硬化中细胞凋亡的发生机制，指出细胞凋亡是促成动脉粥样硬化的重要因素。  相似文献   

少儿训练营养特点初探     

张久利 《唐山师范学院学报》2001,23(5):80-80,92

少儿训练是运动员一生的启蒙阶段，基础建立得是否扎实、牢固，不仅取决于科学训练，而且还取决于训练中的营养供应。实践已经证明，在少儿时期，营养是发育的基础，也是训练的基础，科学的营养是其成材的关键。  相似文献   

英语辅音丛与发音之间的关系     

赵小品 《湖州师范学院学报》2003,25(2):17-22

英语单词中辅音群和音节内辅音丛与发音的联系和规则，涉及英语音位序列的限制、词素的知识、音节的划分，对这些规则进行分析和归纳，可以加深我们对英语拼写和读音的认识。  相似文献   

Greater basal skeletal muscle AMPKα phosphorylation in men than in women: Associations with anaerobic performance     

Amelia Guadalupe-Grau  Lorena Rodríguez-García  Rafael Torres-Peralta  David Morales-Álamo  Jesús Gustavo Ponce-González  Ismael Pérez-Suarez 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(4):455-464

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the association of gender, fibre type composition, and anaerobic performance with the basal skeletal muscle signalling cascades regulating muscle phenotype. Design: Muscle biopsies were obtained from 25 men and 10 women all young and healthy. Methods. Protein phosphorylation of Thr¹⁷²AMPKα, Ser²²¹ACCβ, Thr²⁸⁶CaMKII as well as total protein abundance of PGC-1α, SIRT1, and CnA were measured by Western blot and anaerobic performance by the Wingate test. Results: Percent type I myosin heavy chain (MHC I) was lower in men (37.1?±?10.4 vs. 58.5?±?12.5, P?P?P?221ACCβ and Thr²⁸⁶CaMKII fractional phosphorylation tended to be higher in men (P?=?.1). PGC1-α and SIRT1 total protein expression was similar in men and women, whereas CnA tended to be higher in men (P?=?.1). Basal AMPKα phosphorylation was linearly related to the percentage of MHC I in men (r?=?0.56; P?Conclusion: In summary, skeletal muscle basal AMPKα phosphorylation is higher in men compared to women, with no apparent effect on anaerobic performance.  相似文献   

延迟性肌肉酸痛实验模型及年龄特征分析     

赵丽  韩鹏  张国强  张翔 《湖北体育科技》2016,(8)

研究目的:延迟性肌肉酸痛实验模型设计是其研究的重要组成部分而实验对象年龄也是延迟性肌肉酸痛的影响因素之一,探讨延迟性肌肉酸痛实验模型设计及实验对象的年龄特征,建立更便捷有效的延迟性肌肉酸痛实验模型。研究方法:文献资料法。结果与结论:1)成年人作为研究对象,能承受相对强度较大的运动,实验数据相对稳定,更有利于实验的进行;延迟性肌肉酸痛对老年人骨骼肌是否具有重塑的作用,还有待进一步研究。2)建议以人体的非惯用肢体大强度离心运动为主诱导延迟性肌肉酸痛的实验模型。3)延迟性肌肉酸痛的模型基本基于肢体进行不同负荷、形式的改变进行研究。建议选取可行性较高,操作简单且人为干预较少,诱导酸痛明显的方法,如:纵跳、斜面提踵、负重肘屈伸。4)疼痛识别可采用直观的视觉模拟量表。  相似文献   

Relative appendicular skeletal muscle mass is associated with isokinetic muscle strength and balance in healthy collegiate men     

Sung-Eun Kim  Ju Hong  Jun-Youl Cha  Jung-Min Park  Denny Eun  Jaehyun Yoo 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(21):2114-2120

There are few studies on the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and balance in the young ages. We investigated the relationship between appendicular skeletal muscle mass, isokinetic muscle strength of lower extremity, and balance among healthy young men using relative skeletal muscle index. Thirty men were grouped according to relative appendicular skeletal muscle mass index: higher skeletal muscle group (n = 15) and lower skeletal muscle group (n = 15). Static and dynamic balance abilities were measured using the following: a test where participants stood on one leg with eyes closed, a modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance (mCTSIB) with eyes open and eyes closed, a stability test, and limits of stability test. The muscle strength of lower extremities was measured with an isokinetic analyser in hip, knee, and ankle joints. Participants with higher appendicular skeletal muscle mass were significantly more stable in maintaining dynamic balance than those with lower appendicular skeletal muscle mass. Moreover, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index was positively correlated with dynamic balance ability. Participants with higher appendicular skeletal muscle mass had stronger strength in the lower extremity, and there were significant differences in the isokinetic torque ratios between groups. From these results, it can be inferred that higher appendicular skeletal muscle mass relates to muscle strength and the alteration in the peak torque ratio of the lower extremity, contributing to the maintenance of balance.  相似文献   

Muscle coordination during breaststroke swimming: Comparison between elite swimmers and beginners     

João R. Vaz  Bjørn Harald Olstad  Jan Cabri  Per-Ludvik Kjendlie  Pedro Pezarat-Correia  François Hug 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(20):1941-1948

The present study aimed to compare muscle coordination strategies of the upper and lower limb muscles between beginners and elite breaststroke swimmers. Surface electromyography (EMG) of eight muscles was recorded in 16 swimmers (8 elite, 8 beginners) during a 25 m swimming breaststroke at 100% of maximal effort. A decomposition algorithm was used to identify the muscle synergies that represent the temporal and spatial organisation of muscle coordination. Between-groups indices of similarity and lag times were calculated. Individual muscle patterns were moderately to highly similar between groups (between-group indices range: 0.61 to 0.84). Significant differences were found in terms of lag time for pectoralis major (P < 0.05), biceps brachii, rectus femoris and tibialis anterior (P < 0.01), indicating an earlier activation for these muscles in beginners compared to elites (range: ?13.2 to ?3.8% of the swimming cycle). Three muscle synergies were identified for both beginners and elites. Although their composition was similar between populations, the third synergy exhibited a high within-group variability. Moderate to high indices of similarity were found for the shape of synergy activation coefficients (range: 0.63 to 0.88) but there was a significant backward shift (?8.4% of the swimming cycle) in synergy #2 for beginners compared to elites. This time shift suggested differences in the global arm-to-leg coordination. These results indicate that the synergistic organisation of muscle coordination during breaststroke swimming is not profoundly affected by expertise. However, specific timing adjustments were observed between lower and upper limbs.  相似文献   

Core stability training on lower limb balance strength     

Antonio Dello Iacono  Johnny Padulo  Moshe Ayalon 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(7):671-678

This study aimed to assess the effects of core stability training on lower limbs’ muscular asymmetries and imbalances in team sport. Twenty footballers were divided into two groups, either core stability or control group. Before each daily practice, core stability group (n = 10) performed a core stability training programme, while control group (n = 10) did a standard warm-up. The effects of the core stability training programme were assessed by performing isokinetic tests and single-leg countermovement jumps. Significant improvement was found for knee extensors peak torque at 3.14 rad · s^?1 (14%; P < 0.05), knee flexors peak torque at 1.05 and 3.14 rad · s^?1 (19% and 22% with P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively) and peak torque flexors/extensors ratios at 1.05 and 3.14 rad · s^?1 (7.7% and 8.5% with P < 0.05 and P < 0.05, respectively) only in the core stability group. The jump tests showed a significant reduction in the strength asymmetries in core stability group (?71.4%; P = 0.02) while a concurrent increase was seen in the control group (33.3%; P < 0.05). This study provides practical evidence in combining core exercises for optimal lower limbs strength balance development in young soccer players.  相似文献   

不同年龄大鼠子宫平滑肌钙调神经磷酸酶活性变化     

温晓竞  王雪芳  邱丽颖  王德宝  吕莉  焦宏  邓印红 《河北北方学院学报(医学版)》2004,21(5):79-80

目的:探讨子宫平滑肌组织钙调神经磷酸酶(CaN)活性与年龄的关系.方法:应用酶学测定方法,测定了42例大鼠子宫平滑肌组织中CaN的活性.结果:(1)6周、8周、10周和12周大鼠之间子宫平滑肌CaN活性有显著差异(P＜0.01);(2)16周、20周和24周大鼠之间子宫平滑肌CaN活性无显著差异(P＞0.05);(3)6周、8周、10周和12周分别与16周、20周、和24周大鼠之间子宫平滑肌CaN活性有显著差异(P＜0.01).结论:正常雌性大鼠子宫平滑肌组织CaN的活性随年龄增长逐渐增加,到16周后稳定在较高水平.  相似文献   

运动与骨骼肌内一氧化氮   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

武桂新  王枫  吴云娥  冯炜权 《北京体育大学学报》1999,(3)

运动显著影响骨骼肌内一氧化氮（ＮＯ）含量及一氧化氮合酶（ＮＯＳ）的活性。测试表明,运动诱导骨骼肌中ＮＯＳ活性升高,产生ＮＯ增加,ＮＯ参与运动时骨骼肌机能的调节;同时运动时ＮＯＳ活性及ＮＯ代谢的特点与运动强度和时间有关。力竭性运动使ＮＯＳ活性下降,其机制和意义尚待探讨。  相似文献