大鼠帕金森氏病动物模型的建立   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郑杰胜  郑树森  詹仁雅  周永庆  许德华  张家兴 《科技通报》2001,17(6):80-83

采用SD大鼠30只，25只为试验组，5只为对照组。在三维立体定向仪上用微量注射器将6－OHDA32μg分两点注射入右侧纹状体，每周检测动物的旋转行为，第1周动物没有出现旋转行为，第2周动物出现明显的旋转行为，随后缓慢上升；至术后5周才升至较高的水平并保持平稳。其中有15只动物达到或超过了7r/min这一通常采用的标准，模型成功率达60％。酪氨酸羟化酶免疫组化显示：术后第1周至第5周右侧黑质TH免疫反应细胞逐渐砬少，各个时期的右侧黑质TH免疫反应细胞较对侧明显减少。采用此方法建立的大鼠帕金森氏病模型更加符合临床PD病人的病程进展并明显提高成功率。  相似文献   

Lipid peroxide levels and antioxidant status in alcoholic liver disease     

Seema Gupta  Rajesh Pandey  Ranjan Katyal  H. K. Aggarwal  R. P. Aggarwal  S. K. Aggarwal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):67-71

The present study was conducted to evaluate some of the components of antioxidant defense system and oxidative damage in 20 male patients of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). The results were compared with 20 healthy male smokers and 20 healthy male non-smokers volunteers. Patients were subjected to detailed clinical examination and laboratory investigations. Blood samples were collected for estimating reduced glutathione (GSH), total thiols (T-SH) malondialdehyde (MDA), transaminases (AST, ALT), glutathione-S-transferease (GST) and gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT). Serum aspartate amino transferase (AST)/alanine amino transferase (ALT) ratio was significantly (p<0.01) reduced in ALD patients as compared to the controls. However, the core of utility of MDA and GST was found to be significantly (p<0.01) increased in ALD patients compared to controls. There was a significant negative correlation of MDA with both GSH and TSH. Plasma GGT levels were significantly (p<0.01) increased in alcoholics and the enzyme showed a significant positive correlation with MDA. These results give enough evidence of increased oxidative stress and compromised antioxidant defense system in patients with ALD.  相似文献   

脑科学与类脑研究概述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

蒲慕明  徐波  谭铁牛 《中国科学院院刊》2016,31(7):725-736

脑科学和类脑智能技术是两个重要的前沿科技领域;二者相互借鉴、相互融合的发展是近年来国际科学界涌现的新趋势。脑科学研究对大脑认知神经原理的认识,提升了人类对自身的理解和脑重大疾病的诊治水平,也为发展类脑计算系统和器件、突破传统计算机架构的束缚提供了重要的依据。文章概括性地总结了国际脑科学和智能技术领域的总体进展,未来15年的发展趋势和有望解决的重大科学问题,以及我国在这两领域发展的特色和优势。  相似文献   

象山地区中国对虾白斑综合征病毒超微结构观察     

邓岳松  许梓荣  夏枚生  鲁兴萌 《科技通报》2003,19(4):327-329

从患病的中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)头胸部分离提纯出一种杆状病毒,负染观察发现,病毒粒子的核衣壳呈杆状,大小约为(250～290) nm × (65～80) nm,每圈螺旋宽约20 nm,核衣壳的两个末端之间一般有13～15圈衣壳螺旋.个别病毒有较长的核衣壳,螺旋数达30圈,长度达到600 nm.有部分病毒核衣壳的一端有30～65 nm的凹陷.还有部分病毒核衣壳一端有30～60 nm的突出部分.  相似文献   

血浆纤维蛋白原水平升高同高血压,冠心病及卒中的联系     

袁德高  薄治仁 《科技通报》1993,9(2):108-111

选择46岁以上的高血压(HBP)、冠心病(CHD)、卒中及其它内科住院病人共140名进行了血浆纤维蛋白原(FG)、血压、甘油三酯(TG)和吸烟等因素的观察.结果表明高血压、冠心病和车中患者FG值升高,逐步回归分析看出吸烟,HBP和TG水平升高明显影响FG的含量,提示FG水平升高同HBP,CHD和年中存在着紧密的联系。  相似文献   

试析课程编制过程中的落差——现象学视角     

曹培英 《课程.教材.教法》2011,(11)

学生课业负担的许多客观事实显示,课程编制过程中存在着两级落差。从改革初衷到课程标准的第一级落差,主源自各自追求本学科可能发展区间的最大化以及总体协商、调控机制的缺乏;从课程标准到教科书的第二级落差,主源自某些标准的引申、充实、拓展失度,目标把握失当,教材都挤内容拓展一条道。控制落差的主对策是:降低课程编制的决策风险,加强实证研究,改进与完善评估机制。  相似文献   

The disease burden of childhood adversities in adults: a population-based study     

Cuijpers P  Smit F  Unger F  Stikkelbroek Y  Ten Have M  de Graaf R 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(11):937-945

Objectives

There is much evidence showing that childhood adversities have considerable effects on the mental and physical health of adults. It could be assumed therefore, that the disease burden of childhood adversities is high. It has not yet been examined, however, whether this is true.

Method

We used data of a large representative sample (N = 7,076) of the general population in the Netherlands. We calculated the disability weight (DW) for each respondent. The DW is a weight factor that reflects the severity of a disease or condition on a scale from 0 (perfect health) to 1 (equivalent to death). We used an algorithm based on the SF-6D to estimate DW. Because the DW indicates the proportion of a healthy life year that is reduced by the specific health state of the individual, it also possible to calculate the total number of years lost due to disability (YLD) in the population. We calculated the years lived with disability (YLD) for 9 different childhood adversities (in the areas of parental psychopathology; abuse and neglect; major life events), as well as for major categories of mental disorders and general medical disorders.

Results

All 9 adversities resulted in a significantly increased DW, except death of a parent before the age of 16. Adversities in the category of abuse and neglect are associated with the highest DWs (0.057), followed by parental psychopathology (0.031) and life events during childhood (0.012). All adversities (46.4% of the population reports one or more adversity) are associated with 20.7 YLD/1,000, which is more than all mental disorders together (12.9 YLD/1,000). The category of abuse/neglect has the highest YLD/1,000 (15.8), which is also higher than all mental disorders together. Adjustment for the presence of mental and general medical disorders resulted in comparable outcomes.

Conclusions

Childhood adversities are more important from a public health point of view than all common mental disorders together, and should be a priority for public health interventions.  相似文献   

中国的人体组成学研究:回顾与展望          下载免费PDF全文

王自勉  李红 《体育科研》2011,32(4):42-49

人体组成学是人体生物学的分支学科之一,主要研究人体内诸多组分的含量与分布、组分之间的数量关系、在活体中测定人体组分的方法、以及体内外各种因素对组分含量的影响。研究人体组成不仅具有生物学意义,也与提高国民体质、增进健康、治疗疾病密切相关。进入21世纪以来,海峡两岸对人体组成的研究呈快速发展的态势,每年平均发表58篇论文,约占全世界此领域论文总数的3.9%。这表明两岸的人体组成学研究,已在世界上占有一席之地。中国对人体组成的研究主要集中在3个方面：对中国人群身体组成特点的研究、对运动与身体组成关系的研究、以及对疾病与身体组成关系的研究。未来,两岸的人体组成研究应该在多方位发展,特别是研究更多的身体组分（如骨骼肌与内脏脂肪组织）、应用先进的测定方法、以及探讨黄种人的身体组成特点。第9届国际人体组成学研讨会于2011年在杭州举行,这必将进一步促进海峡两岸人体组成学研究的发展。  相似文献   

体育锻炼对身心健康的影响及其机制   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨灼芳  梁丽辉 《北京体育大学学报》2011,34(6):138-140

阐述了体育锻炼对身心健康的促进作用、负性影响及其机制,以及促进身心健康的体育锻炼项目和负荷。最后从改变不良的生活方式、养成良好的锻炼习惯和制定并实施适合个体特点的运动处方3个方面列举了体育锻炼促进身心健康的注意事项。  相似文献   

Organic Acidurias: An Updated Review     

Kannan Vaidyanathan  M. P. Narayanan  D. M. Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(4):319-325

Organic acidurias are an important class of inherited metabolic disorders arising due to defect in intermediary metabolic pathways of carbohydrate, amino acids and fatty acid oxidation. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the important organic acidurias in the Indian population. Specifically, diagnosis and principles of treatment of organic acidurias are covered. The salient features of common organic acidurias as well as their prevalence in various parts of the world are reviewed in some detail.  相似文献