Scalable volumetric imaging for ultrahigh-speed brain mapping at synaptic resolution     

Hao Wang  Qingyuan Zhu  Lufeng Ding  Yan Shen  Chao-Yu Yang  Fang Xu  Chang Shu  Yujie Guo  Zhiwei Xiong  Qinghong Shan  Fan Jia  Peng Su  Qian-Ru Yang  Bing Li  Yuxiao Cheng  Xiaobin He  Xi Chen  Feng Wu  Jiang-Ning Zhou  Fuqiang Xu  Hua Han  Pak-Ming Lau  Guo-Qiang Bi 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2019,6(5):982

The speed of high-resolution optical imaging has been a rate-limiting factor for meso-scale mapping of brain structures and functional circuits, which is of fundamental importance for neuroscience research. Here, we describe a new microscopy method of Volumetric Imaging with Synchronized on-the-fly-scan and Readout (VISoR) for high-throughput, high-quality brain mapping. Combining synchronized scanning beam illumination and oblique imaging over cleared tissue sections in smooth motion, the VISoR system effectively eliminates motion blur to obtain undistorted images. By continuously imaging moving samples without stopping, the system achieves high-speed 3D image acquisition of an entire mouse brain within 1.5 hours, at a resolution capable of visualizing synaptic spines. A pipeline is developed for sample preparation, imaging, 3D image reconstruction and quantification. Our approach is compatible with immunofluorescence methods, enabling flexible cell-type specific brain mapping and is readily scalable for large biological samples such as primate brains. Using this system, we examined behaviorally relevant whole-brain neuronal activation in 16 c-Fos-shEGFP mice under resting or forced swimming conditions. Our results indicate the involvement of multiple subcortical areas in stress response. Intriguingly, neuronal activation in these areas exhibits striking individual variability among different animals, suggesting the necessity of sufficient cohort size for such studies.  相似文献   

运动心脏结构与功能的发生与转归   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

常芸  林福美 《山东体育科技》2000,22(1):40-48

为了进一步探讨运动心脏结构与功能的发生、转归及其与病理心脏的本质差异,本通过动物实验模拟运动心脏,观察了经过１２周耐力训练及完全停止运动训练８周后心脏重量和超微结构的变化,应用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜与新一代钙荧光指示剂Ｆｌｕｏ－３／ＡＭ负载方法对心肌活动细胞内具有生物活性的游离钙的动态变化进行了研究。结果显示：经过１２周耐力训练后,心肌活细胞内游离钙浓度静息值无显性改变,心肌心缩时其游离钙浓度峰  相似文献   

Detection ofAspergillus Fumigatus based on Asp fl gene in clinical specimens     

Anubha Paliwal  Nivedita Bir  Sowmya Raghuraman  T. L. P. Reddy  P. Usha Sarma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1999,14(2):129-134

Oligonucleotide primers were synthesised based on the gene sequence of an 18 kDa allergen/antigen ofA. fumigatus isolated from a pathogenic strain. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out using the forward and reverse primers and genomic DNA ofA. fumigatus, A. flavus andA. niger as template. This resulted in a PCR product of 480 bp with onlyA. fumigatus. The absence of PCR product inA. flavus andA. niger with the primers of Asp fl facilitated use of these primers for detection ofA. fumigatus in clinical specimens of patients. The results were compared with microscopy, culture and serology. Application of PCR test to clinical samples of aspergillosis patients is discussed.  相似文献   

An in vitro model mimicking the complement system to favor directed phagocytosis of unwanted cells     

《Electronic Journal of Biotechnology》2021

BackgroundOpsonization, is the molecular mechanism by which target molecules promote interactions with phagocyte cell surface receptors to remove unwanted cells by induced phagocytosis. We designed an in vitro system to demonstrate that this procedure could be driven to eliminate adipocytes, using peptides mimicking regions of the complement protein C3b to promote opsonization and enhance phagocytosis. Two cell lines were used: (1) THP-1 monocytes differentiated to macrophages, expressing the C3b opsonin receptor CR1 in charge of the removal of unwanted coated complexes; (2) 3T3-L1 fibroblasts differentiated to adipocytes, expressing AQP7, to evaluate the potential of peptides to stimulate opsonization. (3) A co-culture of the two cell lines to demonstrate that phagocytosis could be driven to cell withdrawal with high efficiency and specificity.ResultsAn array of peptides were designed and chemically synthesized p3691 and p3931 joined bound to the CR1 receptor activating phagocytosis (p < 0.033) while p3727 joined the AQP7 protein (p < 0.001) suggesting that opsonization of adipocytes could occur. In the co-culture system p3980 and p3981 increased lipid uptake to 91.2% and 89.0%, respectively, as an indicator of potential adipocyte phagocytosis.ConclusionsThis in vitro model could help understand the receptor–ligand interaction in the withdrawal of unwanted macromolecules in vivo. The adipocyte-phagocytosis discussed may help to control obesity, since peptides of C3b stimulated the CR1 receptor, promoting opsonisation and phagocytosis of lipid-containing structures, and recognition of AQP7 in the differentiated adipocytes, favored the phagocytic activity of macrophages, robustly supported by the co-culture strategy.How to cite: Bartsch IM, Perelmuter K, Bollati-Fogolin M, et al. An in vitro model mimicking the complement system to favor directed phagocytosis of unwanted cells. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.09.010.  相似文献   

光场成像技术进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

聂云峰  相里斌  周志良 《中国科学院研究生院学报》2011,28(5)

归纳总结了光场成像从理论到实现的发展历程,根据光场数据获取方式对目前典型的光场成像设备进行了分类.在光场相机原理的基础上,重点阐述了基于光场的计算成像原理、数字重聚焦技术、合成孔径成像技术和显微成像技术,并对光场成像技术的应用前景和存在的关键问题进行了讨论.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the relief line and the contour line on Greek red-figure vases using reflectance transformation imaging and three-dimensional laser scanning confocal microscopy     

《文物保护研究》2013,58(4):338-359

Abstract

The relief and contour lines on a group of ancient Greek red-figure vases and vase fragments in the collection of the Harvard Art Museums and the Worcester Art Museum were examined using two surface examination methods – reflectance transformation imaging and three-dimensional laser scanning confocal microscopy. These methods helped characterize the lines and answer questions regarding tools, techniques, and production sequence used by Greek vase painters. This research also incorporated fabricated mock-ups to gain a better understanding of the ancient technology and in so doing confirmed that the relief lines were not produced by an extruded method, but with a brush made with only a few hairs, termed linierhaar as first proposed by Gérard Seiterle in 1976. Furthermore, it was discovered that not one but two distinct types of relief lines exist on these ancient vases: the laid line (proposed by Seiterle) which has a characteristic ridged profile, and the pulled line (proposed in a previous publication by the authors) which has a furrowed profile. It was also determined that the relief line used to outline figures was applied prior to the contour line in Attic vase decoration, although variations in this sequence occur in vases from South Italy. Based on observations made during this research, the authors propose a likely evolution for the techniques used to produce decorative features throughout the period of red-figure vase production.  相似文献   

Laser cleaning of terracotta decorations of the portal of Palos of the Cathedral of Seville     

Mohamed Oujja  Esther Rebollar  Marta Castillejo  Concepcin Domingo  Concepcin Cirujano  Fernando Guerra-Librero 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2005,6(4):321-327

Laser cleaning has been used to restore the soiled terracotta statues and decorations of the tympanum of the portal of Palos of the Cathedral of Seville in Spain. A simultaneous laboratory study performed on a representative sample helped to identify the optimum laser conditions to remove the dark soiling layer produced by air pollution. It was found that irradiation at 1064 nm with a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser was more effective than the harmonic wavelengths of 532 or 266 nm. LIBS and Raman microscopy gave information on the composition of terracotta and identified the presence of a protective layer made of gypsum and calcite. As detected by Raman spectroscopy, laser irradiation caused the elimination of the carbon component of the soiling layer and the appearance of an anhydrite component in the laser irradiated gypsum layer applied over the terracotta substrate for protective purposes. Local heating of the surface caused by laser irradiation at 1064 nm, the laser wavelength used for restoration of the portal, might be responsible for a process of partial dehydration of gypsum into anhydrite.  相似文献   

光子隧道效应与电子隧道效应的比较研究     

王晓秋  穆琳琳 《大连大学学报》2003,24(6):12-15

采用多层膜理论的菲涅尔矩阵系数法导出光子隧道信息的计算公式,并对电子隧道信息进行了光学方法的推导,得到了与量子力学中电子隧道效应一致的公式.此外,比较了光子隧道效应与电子隧道效应的异同.  相似文献   

The influence of temperature and humidity on swelling and surfactant migration in acrylic emulsion paint films     

Ian Ziraldo  Kristen Watts  Arnold Luk  Richard C. Wolbers 《文物保护研究》2016,61(4):209-221

It has often been observed anecdotally and implied through experimentation that acrylic emulsion paintings accumulate and entrain soils over time due to the inherent mechanical softness in artist's acrylic paint films, through the presence of hydrophilic film components, and by virtue of the ubiquitous presence of surfactant moieties on these film surfaces once they dry. In the present study, it has been this last effect that we have sought to describe more fully in terms of surfactant responsiveness to both temperature and relative humidity (RH). Surfactant hydration and dehydration under varying temperature and RH conditions affects the ultimate partitioning of the surfactant at the paint–air interface, as well as the inherent size, aggregation tendencies, and solubility of surfactant in the bulk paint materials which contain components that are highly responsive to changes in temperature and RH (e.g. polyacrylic or polymaleic anhydride-type dispersal materials). In this work, analytical techniques including three-dimensional microscopy and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation were used to add to and reinforce current understanding of the physical and mechanical changes to acrylic paint films with temperature and RH. The migration of surfactant at the film surface was studied using desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared microscopy.  相似文献   

开设扫描隧道显微镜实验课的尝试     

郑金菊 《实验室研究与探索》2003,22(2):39-42

介绍了在大学本科生中开设扫描隧道显微镜(STM)实验课的目的意义、教学内容、教学方法和尝试取得的良好效果。  相似文献