适应性运动对大鼠离心运动后血浆IL-6变化的影响     

华冰 《台州学院学报》2009,31(6):32-36

观察适应性运动对大鼠大强度离心运动后不同时相骨骼肌结构及血浆IL《变化的影响。方法：80只大鼠分为对照组和实验组,实验组进行两周离心跑台训练。两周后观察各组在运动前及完成一次性跑台离心运动后即刻、24h、48h和72h观察比目鱼肌结构及血浆IL-6的变化。结果：（1）运动后两组大鼠比目鱼肌均出现损伤性改变,尤以对照组更为明显,且以运动后24-48小时较为严重。（2）对照组运动后即刻血浆IL-6显著增高,随后逐渐下降,72h再次显著增高。实验组运动后48h达峰值。实验组运动后血浆IL-6水平低于对照组。结论：适应性运动有助于减轻离心运动导致的骨骼肌超微结构损伤,对血浆IL-6水平的升高有抑制作用。血浆IL-6可能与由剧烈运动导致的肌肉损伤有关。  相似文献   

Bilateral deficit in power production during multi-joint leg extensions     

《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(6):437-445

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of the bilateral deficit both as a function of overall and individual joint power. Most studies addressing the deficit have assessed force; however, in most sporting events maximal power is more important than maximal force production. To address this, in the current study we assessed the bilateral deficit for multi-joint movements as measured by overall lower extremity and individual joint power. We assessed power production using an isokinetic machine permitting both unilateral and bilateral leg extensions. Several significant effects and interactions between the contraction type (unilateral, bilateral, alternating unilateral), side of the body, lower extremity joint, and percentage of a 1-RM load were revealed. All interactions were between the lower extremity joints (hip, knee, ankle) and involved the contraction protocol (P=0.001), the percentage of 1-RM load (P=0.0002), and the side of the body (P=0.0003). Taken together, the results indicate that the bilateral deficit is manifested using a measure of power, but more importantly, the deficit has differential implications based on the overall resistance, and various joints involved in the movement. In conclusion, a reduction in power generation was evidenced for both simultaneous contractions of the leg extensors as well as reciprocal contractions. With reduced contributions from the knee joint during bilateral and reciprocal contractions, combined with past research demonstrating differential activation of mono-articular knee joint muscles, evidence for reduced contributions from the peripheral nervous system are suggested based on the results of this study.  相似文献   

Skeleton Changes Induced by Horse Riding on Medieval Skeletal Remains from Croatia     

Š. Anđelinović  I. Anterić  E. Škorić  Ž. Bašić 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(5):708-721

Skeletal remains of 35 individuals from the Croatian excavation site Kamen Most – Kaldrma from the fourteenth to fifteenth centuries were analyzed anthropologically. Due to specific skeletal characteristics, eight of them were analyzed in great detail in this study. The results of additional analysis indicated that all bone elements, except pelves, of all eight persons belonged to males. All pelvic girdle have characteristics of female sex and pronounced muscle attachments that are both indicative of horse riding. All eight persons had at least two of six changes on femora indicative of horse riding. Vertebrae of seven persons (one person did not have preserved vertebrae) have Schmorl's nodes. Signs of advanced osteoarthritis were found on all joints in all eight persons. All of them also have visible signs of periostitis especially on lower extremities. Pathological signs of trauma were found in five persons. Two of them had skull fractures and the rest had fractures of extremities which are also characteristic for horse riders. The average age of all eight persons was above 45 years at death. DNA analysis confirmed male sex for seven individuals. The results were additionally confirmed by later archeological findings of tombstones with illustrations of horse riders.  相似文献   

Creatine supplementation does not decrease oxidative stress and inflammation in skeletal muscle after eccentric exercise     

Luciano A. Silva  Camila B. Tromm  Guilherme Da Rosa  Karoliny Bom  Thais F. Luciano  Talita Tuon 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(11):1164-1176

Abstract

Thirty-six male rats were used; divided into 6 groups (n = 6): saline; creatine (Cr); eccentric exercise (EE) plus saline 24 h (saline + 24 h); eccentric exercise plus Cr 24 h (Cr + 24 h); eccentric exercise plus saline 48 h (saline + 48 h); and eccentric exercise plus Cr 48 h (Cr + 48h). Cr supplementation was administered as a solution of 300 mg · kg body weight^?1 · day^?1 in 1 mL water, for two weeks, before the eccentric exercise. The animals were submitted to one downhill run session at 1.0 km · h^?1 until exhaustion. Twenty-four and forty-eight hours after the exercise, the animals were killed, and the quadriceps were removed. Creatine kinase levels, superoxide production, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level, carbonyl content, total thiol content, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, interleukin-1b (IL-1β), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kb), and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) were analysed. Cr supplementation neither decreases Cr kinase, superoxide production, lipoperoxidation, carbonylation, total thiol, IL-1β, NF-kb, or TNF nor alters the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxides in relation to the saline group, respectively (P < 0.05). There are positive correlations between Cr kinase and TBARS and TNF-α 48 hours after eccentric exercise. The present study suggests that Cr supplementation does not decrease oxidative stress and inflammation after eccentric contraction.  相似文献   

Influence of vitamin D mushroom powder supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage in vitamin D insufficient high school athletes     

R. Andrew Shanely  David C. Nieman  Amy M. Knab  Nicholas D. Gillitt  Mary Pat Meaney  Fuxia Jin 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):670-679

Abstract

Incidence of vitamin D deficiency is increasing worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine if supplementation with vitamin D₂ from Portobello mushroom powder would enhance skeletal muscle function and attenuate exercise-induced muscle damage in low vitamin D status high school athletes. Participants were randomised to Portobello mushroom powder (600 IU/d vitamin D₂) or placebo for 6 weeks. Participants then completed a 1.5-h exercise session designed to induce skeletal muscle damage. Blood samples and measures of skeletal muscle function were taken pre-supplementation, post-supplementation/pre-exercise and post-exercise. Six weeks supplementation with vitamin D₂ increased serum 25(OH)D₂ by 9.9-fold and decreased serum 25(OH)D₃ by 28%. Changes in skeletal muscle function and circulating markers of skeletal muscle damage did not differ between groups. In conclusion, 600 IU/d vitamin D₂ increased 25(OH)D₂ with a concomitant decrease in 25(OD)D₃, with no effect on muscular function or exercise-induced muscle damage in high school athletes.  相似文献   

骨骼肌自噬的分子调控机制及运动对其影响     

赵永军  陈涛  郭艳花 《辽宁体育科技》2013,(6):18-21,31

自噬是生物正常和病理状态下普遍存在的生命现象,在运动中骨骼肌蛋白质代谢平衡、氧化应激清除、肌纤维结构重塑及代谢废物清除等方面有重要作用。骨骼肌自噬调控以mTOR信号通路为主、p53、FOXO等信号通路为辅共同调节骨骼肌自噬活动。因此研究骨骼肌自噬调控的信号传导通路对提高运动时骨骼肌效率及维持骨骼肌内环境稳态有重要意义,同时对了解骨骼肌自噬调控机制、治疗与预防骨骼肌萎缩及其相关疾病提供一定的理论依据。  相似文献   

模拟梯度交替海拔低氧训练对大鼠骨骼肌相关代谢的影响     

刘金柱 《德州学院学报》2012,28(4):45-48

应用人工低压氧舱模拟高原训练的方法,建立梯度交替海拔的动物训练模型,下高原调整后以45m/min的速度快速力竭,紫外分光光度法测定固定海拔2500m、4000m以及2500m～4000m交替训练模式大鼠骨骼肌匀浆液中肌糖原、SOD、MDA、LDH、ATP指标变化,为运动员高原训练后平原快速运动参赛提供参考.  相似文献   

中药熏腰法对递增负荷训练大鼠血清肌酸激酶活性的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

于淼 《吉林体育学院学报》2008,24(6):60-61

目的：探讨递增负荷训练对大鼠血清肌酸激酶活性的影响,以及中药熏腰对该指标的干预作用。方法：48只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为安静对照组S（n=12）、安静熏腰组M（n=12）、训练组T（n=12）和训练熏腰组TM（n=12）。经6周递增负荷跑台训练后测定血清肌酸激酶活性。结果：训练组6周训练后,T组和TM组大鼠血清CK活性较训练前增强,其中T组增强最为明显（P〈0．01）;TM组大鼠血清CK活性增强幅度明显小于T组。结论：递增负荷的跑台训练能够对骨骼肌起到一定刺激作用,并引起微细损伤,中药蒸气熏蒸腰部的手段能够抑制血清CK的活性,说明该方法对骨骼肌起到保护作用,并促进机体恢复,从而提高运动能力。  相似文献   

不同时间运动骨骼肌AMP/ATP比值及AMPK活性的变化特点   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张国华  朱一力  贺道远  曾凡星 《北京体育大学学报》2008,31(6)

目的:研究不同时间一次性运动大鼠腓肠肌AMP、ATP含量及AMPK活性,旨在阐明不同时间运动AMPK的变化特点及机制。方法:62只雄性SD大鼠分为4大组:安静对照组(n=8)、30 min运动组(n=18)、60 min运动组(n=18)9、0 min运动组(n=18),其中运动组又各分为3小组(n=6),分别在运动后即刻、1 h和6 h取材。运动速度18 m/min,坡度10%。结果:和安静组相比,各组ATP运动后无显著改变;AMP在60和90min运动后即刻显著升高(0.183,0.212 Vs 0.158,P<0.05),AMP/ATP比值在60、90 min显著升高(0.048,0.053 Vs 0.037,P<0.05,0.01),1 h回到安静水平;各组AMPK在运动后即刻均显著升高(4.16,4.79,5.26 Vs3.18,P<0.05,0.01,0.01),其中60、90 min组至1h仍保持升高,6 h回到安静水平。结论:骨骼肌AMPK在运动中的激活具有时间依赖性,其机制与AMP/ATP比值升高有关。  相似文献   

运动性骨骼肌适应的分子机制   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

马继政 《首都体育学院学报》2009,21(2)

骨骼肌显著特征是能够对外在活动的变化发生适应。大量运动诱导骨骼肌适应潜在分子机制被提出和进行研究。由收缩到分子事件中产生的机械信号转换过程中能够促使肌细胞适应,其中涉及到第一信使和第二信使上调,从而导致与运动诱导的基因表达和蛋白合成/降解的特异信号通路激活和抑制。大量潜在相关信使被提出,包括机械性牵拉、钙的流动、氧化还原电位和磷酸化势。伴随着第一信号激活,存在于哺乳细胞大量信号通路同样被激活,包括AMPK、钙调蛋白/钙调神经磷酸酶、IGF和NFκB-肿瘤坏死因子-α等信号通路。骨骼肌适应的关键调节分子的发现,能够认识运动诱导骨骼肌特异性的变化,了解这一变化过程,有助于运动训练方法的制订。  相似文献