考虑碳排放的班轮运输网络优化     

郭咏春  胡坚堃 《上海海事大学学报》2015,36(2):15-19

为通过降低船舶航行速度,减少营运成本,实现船舶节能减排的"双赢",将船型、船舶数量及航速作为决策变量,对集装箱船每周总成本最小、碳排放量最小以及碳排放约束下总成本最小等3个方案建立非线性模型.利用Lingo软件,通过实例计算进行对比分析,从中选取既符合经济效益又符合环保效益的最优方案.另外,探讨碳约束配额、燃油价格、码头装卸效率等对成本及碳排放量的影响,为船公司运营和政府决策提供参考.  相似文献   

关于构建我国绿色税收体系的路径研究     

邓美珍  张萍香 《保定学院学报》2015,(3):42-48

为了有效地防治资源浪费和环境污染,进一步落实国家节能环保的政策,作为经济手段的绿色税收将是我国节能环保的必要手段之一。然而,目前我国还未形成系统与行之有效的绿色税收体系。因此,借鉴西方发达国家建立绿色税收体系的经验,提出调整原有税制、开征新的绿色税种和完善绿色税收优惠措施等构建我国绿色税收体系路径的建议。  相似文献   

凉山州小流域水电开发项目水土保持方案研究     

郑璐  杨红  徐丽 《绵阳师范学院学报》2011,30(11):135-138

总结了凉山彝族自治州小流域水电开发建设项目水土保持方案植物措施配置中存在的主要问题,并结合凉山州的自然地理状况,对中、小型水电站开发建设项目水土保持方案植物措施的科学配置的原则和注意事项提出建议。  相似文献   

英汉广告语篇物质过程结构表达方式对比分析     

李春芳 《鸡西大学学报》2011,11(7):62-64

通过实例对比分析英汉广告语篇小句层面物质过程结构表达方式,发现受英汉语言本体性质及价值、思维趋势的影响,两种语篇中物质小句具有相同的语义成分结构,但构成序列迥异;英语被动物质过程小句呈现出静、动两种态势,汉语被动物质小句只表动作行为,不表状态。  相似文献   

坡耕地资源开发利用与水土流失之困     

陶建格 《科技管理研究》2014,(20)

土壤和水分是人类赖以生存的基本自然资源条件。由于不合理的环境资源开发利用和气候、地理条件原因,水土流失成为当前期待解决主要的环境问题之一,加强水土保持工作是我国环境保护的重要内容。客观的水土资源赋予造成我国耕地资源不足,人均少、东多西少等人地矛盾突出,坡耕地资源开发利用与农业成为必然,但传统粗放的坡耕地耕作已经形成十分严重的水土流失问题,合理开发利用坡耕地资源已经成为当前水土保持工作的重点之一。在对我国水土资源调研分析过程中,本文分析了坡耕地治理对于水土保持工作的重要性,我国坡耕地的现状,以及耕地造成水土流失的原因和解决坡耕地资源开发利用问题面临的困惑,提出解决坡耕地问题的一些措施和建议。  相似文献   

中动结构定位再思考：被动乎？转喻乎？——结构对中动词的重塑     

贵阳  巫宏梅 《职大学报》2014,(2):38-42

中动词是语言学中的“特殊”现象,学界不乏中动词的研究,被动乎？转喻乎？至今对中动词仍无明确定位。有的语言学家认为中动词与“被动”语态相联系,是主动形式表达被动意义;也有的学者试图用认知语言学的构式语法及其转喻理论对中动结构予以全新解释。对中动词的定位究竟应从结构（形式）视角,还是语义视角呢,本文试图对中动词现象的定位作进一步的思考,并提出中动词词汇化假说和同形词假设,以期对中动词以合理定位。  相似文献   

突破电极反应式的书写     

王能 《科教文汇》2014,(30):180-181

原电池反应或电解池反应的本质都是氧化还原反应,因此无论是原电池还是电解池的电极反应都要遵循氧化还原反应的规律,特别是得失电子总数与化合价降低或升高的总值相等。原电池反应或电解池反应本质上又都是离子反应,电极反应式通常情况下也是以类似离子方程式的形式出现,因此电极反应式也要遵循离子方程式的电荷守恒和原子守恒。灵活运用这些守恒规律就能突破高考难点中电极反应式的书写。  相似文献   

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of microclimate for salts crystallization control and artworks conservation     

《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2014,15(4):448-457

Many deterioration processes are linked to unsuitable microclimatic condition in cultural buildings. One of the most diffused processes is soluble salts crystallization that can be accelerated in masonry structures within specific microclimatic values for different chemical compounds. In this paper, microclimate and efflorescence diffusion were monitored over a one-year period in the Crypt of the Cathedral of Lecce (South Italy). This allowed to relate the microclimate with the efflorescence variation over time. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was then developed to detail the thermo-hygrometric parameters and airflow patterns responsible for salts crystallization and artworks deterioration. Two main conditions were reproduced; one to simulate the current microclimate, which simulations showed to be inadequate for conservation, and the other to search for a more appropriate solution. In both cases, summer and winter conditions were simulated and compared to find a microclimate able to ensure more suitable thermo-hygrometric intervals required by the constituting artworks materials. The results helped to suggest actions to improve maintenance of the Crypt.  相似文献   

Consolidation and protection by nanolime: Recent advances for the conservation of the graffiti,Carceri dello Steri Palermo and of the 18th century lunettes,SS. Giuda e Simone Cloister,Corniola (Empoli)     

《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2014,15(2):151-158

Nanolime dispersed in 2-propanol was extensively used for the consolidation of wall paintings. The knowledge of the advances of this methodology dealing with all the possible effects associated with the nanolime new material in conservation is fundamental to assess and improve the technique. In this paper, four different dispersions of Ca(OH)₂ nanoparticles were characterised by Small Angle X-rays Scattering technique (SAXS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) in order to achieve information on size, shape, polydispersity, agglomeration, and crystal structure (by SAED patterns) of the particles. Once characterised, the dispersions were tested in two different case studies, the Carceri dello Steri in Palermo with their graffiti and the 18th century lunettes at the SS. Giuda e Simone Cloister, Corniola (Empoli) with their lime-based mural paintings. The treated samples were characterised in relationship to either their morphology and surface chemical composition by Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-rays spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), or their water absorption and mechanical properties (resistance to material abrasion). The results obtained showed that all the dispersions were nanometrically structured and their application succeeded in recovering the mechanical properties of the painting or graffito layers, not altering their permeability to water and keeping perfectly the wall transpiration. However, the dispersions constituted of the nanoparticles obtained via a synthesis able to control size and shape of the Ca(OH)₂ particles resulted in a better performance in situ, even if the differences found by SAXS and TEM were slight.  相似文献   

论儒家思想对中国传统体育竞技性的消极影响     

王伟 《河北体育学院学报》2005,19(4):12-13

从儒学中庸、实用主义、严格的等级制度和道德观念以及“复古”、“守陈”四个方面阐述了儒家思想对中国传统体育竞技性的消极影响,以期为中国传统体育竞技性的发展提供借鉴.  相似文献