Urban sportscapes: An environmental deterministic perspective on the management of youth sport participation     

《Sport Management Review》2015,18(2):291-307

This paper examines sport participation from an environmental perspective by considering the dynamic role of the sportscape (built-form and supporting infrastructure) in enabling, facilitating and promoting youth sport participation. Complementing recent work by Wicker et al. (2013), we conduct a case study of the ‘geography of sport’ in the Greater Toronto Area. In the process we introduce the concept of facility ‘gravitas’ to capture the attractiveness or ‘magnetism’ of sportscape entities and thereby acknowledge the multifaceted sets of environmental factors (including the bricks-and-mortar of facilities and the supporting mechanisms such as transportation, coaches and clubs) that influence sport participation. The results demonstrate that the geography of sport is not only about where sport venue built-forms are located, but also what types of sport infrastructure are available. To develop a better understanding of sport participation it is important to assess the capacity and quality of the sportscape along with other supporting structures and facilitators. The paper points to the implications for managers and policy makers from this perspective.  相似文献   

‘[We're on the right track,baby], we were born this way’! Exploring sports participation in Norway     

Ken Green  Miranda Thurston  Odd Vaage  Ken Roberts 《Sport, Education and Society》2015,20(3):285-303

Based on quantitative data from the Norwegian Statistisk Sentralbyrå (Statistics Norway) study of Mosjon, Friluftsliv og Kulturaktiviteter, this paper explores trends in Norwegians' participation in sports, with a focus on young people. Norway boasts particularly high levels of sports participation as well as sports club membership and young Norwegians are the quintessential sporting omnivores. Among other things, the Statistics Norway study reveals substantial increases in participation (among young people and females especially) during the period 1997–2007, a shift in the peak of participation to the late teenage years, a relatively high level of lifelong participants, a re-bound effect in the post-child rearing years and a growth in lifestyle sports. Young Norwegians grow up in a socio-economic context of relative equality between the sexes and high standards of living. An abundance of natural and artificial outdoor and indoor sporting facilities alongside a well-established voluntary sports club sector and an elementary school system that emphasizes physical exercise and recreation, as well as high levels of parental involvement, add to the favourable socio-economic conditions to create seemingly optimal circumstances for sports participation. All these reinforce the sporting and physical recreation cultures deeply embedded in Norwegian society and embodied by the very many middle-class parents in a country which, for the time being at least, remains relatively young in demographic terms. In terms of lessons to be learned for policy towards sports and physical education beyond Norway, there may be grounds for some optimism around parental involvement in children's sport as well as the potential appeal of lifestyle sports. That said, it is likely to be the greater socio-economic equalities in Scandinavian countries such as Norway that make them unrealistic benchmarks for sports participation elsewhere.  相似文献   

Australian Indigenous youth's participation in sport and associated health outcomes: Empirical analysis and implications     

《Sport Management Review》2015,18(1):57-68

Analysis of the 2012 Mission Australia Youth Survey (MAYS) finds that among Indigenous youth aged 15–19 years there is a positive relationship between self-reported participation in sport and two health outcomes: rating of overall health and risk of mental health disorder. We find that Indigenous youth who participate in sport are 3.5 times more likely to report good general health and 1.6 times more likely to have no probable serious mental illness. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to potential future research and policy. In terms of research, the analysis illustrates the utility of brief and cost-effective measures of health outcomes that could be used in future evaluations of specific programs targeting Indigenous youth participation in sport. We also discuss the potential ramifications, for practitioners and management professionals, of the particular policy paths needed to address the current gaps in service delivery to Indigenous communities, and for the development of grassroots, evidence-based, well resourced, culturally sensitive, inclusive and community-led programs. This can, in part, be achieved by ensuring youth sport development programs are shaped by Indigenous youth themselves.  相似文献   

The making of a social entrepreneur: From participant to cause champion within a sport-for-development context     

《Sport Management Review》2015,18(1):111-125

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a sport-for-development initiative, Street Soccer USA, on one of its most successful participants in order to understand her experiences, expectations, and motivations towards becoming a cause champion and social entrepreneur and continuing her activism. We adopted a narrative inquiry approach for this study in an effort to explore this topic in a detailed manner. Guided by previous literature within the field of social entrepreneurship, we found there were three specific background influences – sport, life, and traumatic experiences – which influenced her social entrepreneurial leanings. Within that context we show how the variables of people, opportunity, and capital intersect and lead towards the social value proposition of the social entrepreneur. Drawn from the findings, we provide theoretical and practical implications and directions for future research in the field of sport-for-development and social entrepreneurship.  相似文献   

Developing a performance management framework for a national sport organisation     

《Sport Management Review》2015,18(2):308-316

Organisational performance has become an imperative management function within the non-profit sport context as increased pressure is placed on these organisations to provide a quality service to stakeholders in an accountable and transparent manner. The case presented here examines the issue of developing and implementing a robust performance management tool that can potentially help national sport organisation managers with the multitude of performance challenges now facing these organisations. The theoretical underpinnings of a performance management tool are presented followed by background information to a fictional national sport organisation (Racquetball Australia) and views from the CEO of the organisation in relation to the topic of performance management. The case is written from a fictional perspective so that instructors may adapt the case to suit the geographical context in which the class is taking place.  相似文献   

What about sport? A public health perspective on leisure-time physical activity     

《Sport Management Review》2015,18(1):20-31

In an effort to determine how sport could be better positioned on the public health agenda, three community physical activity programs aimed at combating obesity were examined to determine the benefits residents seek through their participation. Using a case study approach and critical framework, assumptions and presumed knowledge of these public health programs were drawn out through site visits and interviews. A total of 42 interviews with community leaders, program organizers, and residents in each community were conducted. The results reveal that new approaches need to be considered for promoting greater levels of participation in U.S. community sport and other leisure-time physical activity programs. Instead of the commonly emphasized benefits of physical health or appearance, the results demonstrate that hedonic rewards and opportunities for social interaction are two overlooked, yet primary benefits sought by participants. This research suggests that concerted efforts to focus on the hedonic feelings and social aspects can potentially lead to increased sport participation and holistic health. Such an approach may help better address vital public health policy issues while demonstrating the distinctiveness and utility of sport.  相似文献   

Managing sport for social change: The state of play     

《Sport Management Review》2015,18(1):1-5

Sport-for-development (SFD) provides a platform for sport to be used as a tool or “hook” to contribute to positive outcomes in areas including economic development, social inclusion, cultural cohesion, healthy lifestyles, education, gender equity, as well as reconciliation and peacebuilding. The area of sport for social change (SFSC) represents a sub-field of SFD that uses sport as a catalyst to build social capacity and develop socially and physically healthy communities. The Managing Sport for Social Change special issue of Sport Management Review brings together a collection of conceptual advances, empirical research papers and teaching case studies from a range of social and cultural perspectives, with a focus on managing sport for social change; aimed at engaging critically with sport management theory and praxis, and discussing associated practical and policy implications. Theoretical gaps and recommendations for future research, including: local engagement, innovative research methodology, and a broadening of the scope of research are also discussed.  相似文献   

Modelling the decision to volunteer in organised sports     

《Sport Management Review》2015,18(3):448-463

Using a heterodox economic approach, the purpose of this paper is twofold: to analyse the determinants of (1) volunteering in organised sports, and (2) time committed to that volunteering. By means of regression analysis of secondary data from a nation-wide volunteer survey with two waves (2004: n = 15,000; 2009: n = 20,005), it was established that human capital, female gender and the motive of shaping society had a negative influence on the decision to volunteer while the number of engagements in other volunteering had a positive effect. Time committed to volunteering was determined by male gender, having children, meeting people, club membership, shaping society and number of voluntary engagements. The volunteer workforce is thus very heterogeneous; however, sport club managers should recruit volunteers in particular amongst existing members.  相似文献   

寻回身体的记忆：清末民初女子体育教育的身体社会学读解     

阳煜华  张卓  吴广亮 《成都体育学院学报》2015,(5):49-54

清末民初,女性的身体被一场关乎国家民族生死存亡的危机抬进了历史的前台。以国族利益为名,对“女子”的身体进行了改造,以致近代女子体育教育的勃兴。通过选取这个独具身体社会学意涵的历史切片,对女性通过接受体育教育、自觉萌发身体意识,以及国家通过建立对新的身体规训制度重塑“新女性”的转折期进行纵深考量。本研究主要采用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,得到以下结论：教会女子学校和国人自办学校是女子体育发生、发展的两个主要阵地,国家通过制度设计、教科书编撰和师资培养予以制度保障。大多数女子们的身体由身困家中到身为国有、身为国用,渐入身心分离之境地。  相似文献   

文献综述的归类划分与特征辨析--体育学硕士研究生能力培养和学术规范的反思     

王广虎  贺鑫森  王岗 《成都体育学院学报》2015,(6):1-8

文献综述依据综述的目的和文本的性质可分为：学术性文献综述与研究性文献综述。学术性文献综述,是在学术层面、因学术问题而作的文献综述,其成果可以直接在学术刊物上发表。学术性文献综述具有以下文本特征：强调权威性以保证学术基调和保持学术品味;强调经典性以明晰学术走向和把握学术格局;强调前沿性以判断学术态势和突破学术僵持;强调导向性以凸显学术预测和实现学术引领。研究性文献综述,不是相对独立的、完整意义上的研究,而是为保证研究流程有理、有据、有效进行的必要学术准备,具有较大的研究从属性,通常是不能直接或不宜直接在学术刊物上发表。对于硕士研究生的培养,研究性文献综述具有以下阶段特征：选题阶段立足发现问题;开题阶段立足提出问题;结题阶段立足认识问题。  相似文献