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1.
"武科应试器械"考论 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
从体育文化角度对古代“武科”考试内容、应试器械等进行系统研究。结果显示:“武科”,又称“武举”,创立于唐武则天长安二年(702年),废于清末光绪二十七年(1901年8月29日),历经一千二百年。考试分外场(以长垛、马射、步射、刀术、枪术、翘关等体育项目为主)和内场(策论)。唐“武科”主要外场器械为弓箭,辅从刀、枪等。宋以弓箭刀枪为主同时将弩踏等作为考试项目。明代“武科”项目沿袭唐宋,外场器械未有变化。清代开始增加了“技勇”项目,分别为开硬弓、舞大刀、掇石。课题研究旨在为我国民族传统体育学的长足发展提供实质性的理论文献资料。 相似文献
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Markus Keidl Alfons Kemper Donald Kossmann und Alexander Kreutz 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》2002,17(3):123-134
Zusammenfassung. Wir pr?sentieren in dieser Arbeit das ObjectGlobe-System, ein offenes und verteiltes Anfragebearbeitungssystem auf Internet-Datenquellen.
ObjectGlobe erweitert die begrenzten F?higkeiten des Internets bezüglich Anfragebearbeitung, indem es einen offenen Marktplatz
schafft, in dem eine Vielzahl von Anbietern Rechenzeit, Daten und Anfrageoperatoren bereitstellen. Den Schwerpunkt dieses
Beitrags bildet die im Rahmen des ObjectGlobe-Projekts entwickelte Metadatenverwaltung MDV, ein verteiltes Metadaten-Management-System.
Es besitzt eine 3-schichtige Architektur und unterstützt Caching und Replikation in der Mittelschicht, so dass Anfragen lokal
ausgewertet werden k?nnen. Benutzer spezifizieren die Informationen, die sie ben?tigen und die repliziert werden, mit Hilfe
einer besonderen Regelsprache. Um Replikate aktuell zu halten und die Replikation von neuen und relevanten Informationen anzusto?en,
verwendet das MDV-System einen neuartigen Publish & Subscribe-Algorithmus. Wir beschreiben diesen Algorithmus im Detail und
zeigen, wie er mit Hilfe eines normalen relationalen Datenbanksystems implementiert werden kann.
Eingegangen am 19. November 2001 / Angenommen am 30. Juli 2002 相似文献
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The paper examines e-government development in Africa. This study is based on the Cape Gateway project in South Africa, a leading e-government initiative on the continent. We observe that African countries have jumped on the e-government band wagon by looking mostly at the benefits without a clear risk assessment. We argue that African countries should question the pace and pathway for their e-government programs. We caution that e-government models from developed countries do not necessarily work in Africa. E-government programs in Africa should be balanced with the provision of basic needs and infrastructure. We conclude that e-government in South Africa should adopt multi-cultural approaches, and must be underpinned by national development priorities. We recommend that the Cape Gateway must address the socio-economic context and needs of the country. The pace and pathway of its e-government must depend on the availability of both financial and human resources and also user satisfaction. 相似文献
6.
Searching online information resources using mobile devices is affected by small screens which can display only a fraction
of ranked search results. In this paper we investigate whether the search effort can be reduced by means of a simple user
feedback: for a screenful of search results the user is encouraged to indicate a single most relevant document. In our approach
we exploit the fact that, for small display sizes and limited user actions, we can construct a user decision tree representing
all possible outcomes of the user interaction with the system. Examining the trees we can compute an upper limit on relevance
feedback performance. In this study we consider three standard feedback algorithms: Rocchio, Robertson/Sparck-Jones (RSJ)
and a Bayesian algorithm. We evaluate them in conjunction with two strategies for presenting search results: a document ranking
that attempts to maximize information gain from the user’s choices and the top-D ranked documents. Experimental results indicate
that for RSJ feedback which involves an explicit feature selection policy, the greedy top-D display is more appropriate. For
the other two algorithms, the exploratory display that maximizes information gain produces better results. We conducted a
user study to compare the performance of the relevance feedback methods with real users and compare the results with the findings
from the tree analysis. This comparison between the simulations and real user behaviour indicates that the Bayesian algorithm,
coupled with the sampled display, is the most effective.
Extended version of “Evaluating Relevance Feedback Algorithms for Searching on Small Displays, ” Vishwa Vinay, Ingemar J.
Cox, Natasa Milic-Frayling, Ken Wood published in the proceedings of ECIR 2005, David E. Losada, Juan M. Fernández-Luna (Eds.),
Springer 2005, ISBN 3-540-25295-9 相似文献
7.
Ben Alexander 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):1-11
Despite our society's increasing reliance on electronic documentation, to-date archives remain, largely, material repositories
of cultural memory. It is an accepted historical problematic, however, that culture is often resistant to material preservation.
There exists an undeniable and profound tension between scholarly efforts to reconstruct history and interpret cultural traditions
and the fragmentary, and often limited, material record. That is to say, scholarship is shaped by a sinuous negotiation around
the historical silences that encompass all of material culture. Historical silences, however, can at times be marginalized
(or at best excluded) by a sensitive configuration of material evidence with oral history.Excluding Archival Silences: Oral History and Historical Absence uses a historically and geographically specific example of oral history to engage in a more generalist discussion of how
oral reflection, especially when shaped by material evidences, can be an especially effective tool for preserving the dynamics
of culture that often remain undocumented. 相似文献
8.
Key points
- Accessibility is often misunderstood as a concept that is niche or of secondary importance.
- Reframing accessibility as improving the overall user experience instantly changes the perspective; accessibility becomes a critical requirement worthy of investment and resources.
- The single most prevalent complaint amongst librarians is the time it takes to get hold of accessible content.
- An accessibility roadmap provides structure and transparency for digital accessibility projects within the organization.
- Publishers' non‐compliance with accessibility standards will increase their risk of sales declines and legal complications over time.
- The SAGE A.C.C.E.S.S.I.B.L.E mnemonic offers suggestions on how to devise a successful accessible publishing programme.
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