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In this paper, a robust adaptive control scheme is proposed for the leader following control of a class of fractional-order multi-agent systems (FMAS). The asymptotic stability is shown by a linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. The nonlinear dynamics of the agents are assumed to be unknown. Moreover, the communication topology among the agents is assumed to be unknown and time-varying. A deep general type-2 fuzzy system (DGT2FS) using restricted Boltzmann machine (RMB) and contrastive divergence (CD) learning algorithm is proposed to estimate uncertainties. The simulation studies presented indicate that the proposed control method results in good performance under time-varying topology, unknown dynamics and external disturbances. The effectiveness of the proposed DGT2FS is verified also on modeling problems with high dimensional real-world data sets. 相似文献
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Tengah b Abdul Latif 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》1978,1(1):32-33
Penguasaan bahasa seakan-akan tidak memerlukan usaha sama sekali. Pendapat ini kuranglah benar. Hal yang sebenarnya ialah, bahawa setelah bertahun-tahun dengan latihan yang tidak jemujemu dan kesalahan yang dibetulkan berulang-ulang secara eksplisit dan implisit barulah akhimya kanakkanak itu dapat menyesuaikan bahasa orang dewasa. Kepada manusia pula pada umumnya penguasaan bahasa itu merupakan suatu prestasi yang luarbiasa selama hidupnya. 相似文献
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Brian K. Sato Pavan Kadandale Wenliang He Paige M. N. Murata Yama Latif Mark Warschauer 《CBE life sciences education》2014,13(4):677-686
Primary literature is essential for scientific communication and is commonly utilized in undergraduate biology education. Despite this, there is often little time spent training our students how to critically analyze a paper. To address this, we introduced a primary literature module in multiple upper-division laboratory courses. In this module, instructors conduct classroom discussions that dissect a paper as researchers do. While previous work has identified classroom interventions that improve primary literature comprehension within a single course, our goal was to determine whether including a scientific paper module in our classes could produce long-term benefits. On the basis of performance in an assessment exam, we found that our module resulted in longitudinal gains, including increased comprehension and critical-thinking abilities in subsequent lab courses. These learning gains were specific to courses utilizing our module, as no longitudinal gains were seen in students who had taken other upper-division labs that lacked extensive primary literature discussion. In addition, we assessed whether performance on our assessment correlated with a variety of factors, including grade point average, course performance, research background, and self-reported confidence in understanding of the article. Furthermore, all of the study conclusions are independent of biology disciplines, as we observe similar trends within each course. 相似文献
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作为马来西亚第一所开放远程学习机构,马来西亚开放大学的创建旨在通过向不同背景的人士提供高等教育机会,从而帮助政府实现教育民主化的倡议。然而,这里存在两个明显不相容的议题,一是无所不包,另一个就是卓越。为了应对这一挑战,马来西亚开放大学设计并实施了一些策略,以确保获得学习机会的学习者能有成功的机会,这些策略涉及到开放远程学习的很多方面,例如入学要求、提供相关专业和课程、适当的评估和监控。本文还介绍了规模和保持方面的问题,以及未来一些新的确保教育公平、灵活的方法。 相似文献
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Muhammad Waqas Yoon-Ha Kim Abdul Latif Khan Raheem Shahzad Sajjad Asaf Muhammad Hamayun Sang-Mo Kang Muhammad Aaqil Khan In-Jung Lee 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2017,18(2):109-124
We studied the effects of hardwood-derived biochar (BC) and the phytohormone-producing endophyte Galactomyces geotrichum WLL1 in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) with respect to basic, macro- and micronutrient uptakes and assimilations, and their subsequent effects on the regulation of functional amino acids, isoflavones, fatty acid composition, total sugar contents, total phenolic contents, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-scavenging activity. The assimilation of basic nutrients such as nitrogen was up-regulated, leaving carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen unaffected in BC+G. geotrichum-treated soybean plants. In comparison, the uptakes of macro- and micronutrients fluctuated in the individual or co-application of BC and G. geotrichum in soybean plant organs and rhizospheric substrate. Moreover, the same attribute was recorded for the regulation of functional amino acids, isoflavones, fatty acid composition, total sugar contents, total phenolic contents, and DPPH-scavenging activity. Collectively, these results showed that BC+G. geotrichum-treated soybean yielded better results than did the plants treated with individual applications. It was concluded that BC is an additional nutriment source and that the G. geotrichum acts as a plant biostimulating source and the effects of both are additive towards plant growth promotion. Strategies involving the incorporation of BC and endophytic symbiosis may help achieve eco-friendly agricultural production, thus reducing the excessive use of chemical agents. 相似文献
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马来西亚开放大学（OUM）90％以上的学生为在职人员。这些成年学生离开学校至少已经5年,而且大多数人的数学基础不好。因此,仅是在线学习加少量面授辅导的教学模式对他们来说还不能完全解决学习困难。学校试用了“课前指导工作室”与“补充指导”的教学方法,探讨了这一方法对学员的在线参与程度及考试结果的影响,运用源于探究团体模式的34项量表对在线论坛的内容进行了分析,结果表明,学员参加工作室与否同他们的期末考试成绩有很大关系。参加指导老师工作室及补充指导的学员与那些参加指导老师常规指导的学员相比,前者的在线参与程度及期末考试的平均分都存在着很大的差异。两组学员的数学探究团体模式平均分表明,两组学员在教学存在和认知存在方面有差异,但在社会存在方面基本相同。 相似文献
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To ensure the success of the e-learning initiatives, OUM has developed its own e-learning management system, known as myLMS. Since its introduction, many modifications and improvements have been introduced to increase its effectiveness. It is now timely that OUM take stock of its students＇ attitudes towards e-learning. Thus, a survey was conducted on about 1,000 students at one of OUM＇s own learning centres, that is, the Kelantan Regional Centrel. The study indicated that generally the teacher cohort had a somewhat neutral attitude towards e-learning. The use of e-learning was more specifically aimed at achieving short term goals of obtaining good coursework and examination grades by capitalizing on the use of the Discassion Board and Courseware. A closer examination reveals that the females prefer the Discussion Board while the males prefer the Courseware. Learners in the Engineering and English programmes had more positive attitudes towards e-learning compared to learners in the Mathematics and Science programmes. Learners with CGPA 〉 3.0 who are categorized as high achievers are more positive towards e-learning as compared to the low achievers （ CGPA 〈 3.0）. Age difference, learners＇ income per month, learners＇ Internet and e-learning habits were also found to be predictors of attitude towards e-learning. 相似文献
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Muhammad M. M. Abdel Latif 《International Journal of Research & Method in Education》2019,42(2):111-123
Research comparing the use of retrospective interviews (RIs) and think-aloud protocols (TAPs) as two data sources of writers’ composing processes is almost nonexistent. Trying to address this research gap, the present study examined the data obtained from the task-specific RIs and TAPs about the composing processes of 30 second language (L2) writers. Each participant thought aloud by concurrently verbalizing thoughts while performing an argumentative writing task, and then was interviewed immediately after the think-aloud session about their composing processes. The RI and TAP data was analyzed and compared in terms of five aspects of L2 writers’ composing: pre-writing stage, while-writing planning, first language (L1) use, composing problems and problem-solving, and text reviewing and changing. Though the results generally indicate that concurrent verbalizations provide much richer data than RIs about L2 writers’ composing processes, RIs were found to be a valuable source for revealing the ‘why’ of such processes. Besides, the gap between the data provided by the two sources differed from one composing aspect to another. Recommendations for how to optimally combine and make use of the two data sources in writing process research are provided. 相似文献
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Muhammad M.M. Abdel Latif 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2015,38(2):137-153
Little attention has been given to investigating the experiences of teacher researchers while undertaking their studies. In an attempt to explore what accounts for the stereotyped and imitative trends in the studies conducted by English language teachers in Egypt, the present study has explored how they select research topics and the factors influencing their research orientations and processes. The study used semi-structured interviews with 25 Egyptian teachers who were doing MA and Ph.D. studies in TESOL. It was found that they view good language teaching research as either testing the effectiveness of instructional techniques or evaluating textbooks, though most of them opt for experimental research due to its practical nature. The study also revealed that reading sources and academic freedom are the two main determinants of research trends in this context. Apart from the association found between the teacher researchers’ perceived academic freedom and the type of literature they read, the following three other factors also accounted for the relative variance in such freedom: (a) the stage undertaken in the research, (b) the number of supervisors available or assigned and (c) the research degree registered for. The article concludes with discussing the implications of these results. 相似文献