Virtual Microscopy as a Learning Tool in Brazilian Medical Education     

Fernanda Somera dos Santos  Mariana Kiomy Osako  Gleici da Silva Castro Perdoná  Márcia Gaião Alves  Katiuchia Uzzun Sales 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(4):408-416

Virtual microscopy (VM) is a widely used teaching method in Medical Education in many developed countries. In Brazil, however, this is not the case for most medical schools, considering Brazilian social inequality and uneven access to technology. Recently, the Covid-19 pandemic has also challenged Universities to seek and make a transition toward more effective methods of full-time online education. Thus, the main goal of this work was to verify student's perception and academic performance, assessed upon VM implementation in a Brazilian Medical School. Ribeirao Preto Medical School students answered a 26-question survey with regards to optical microscopy (OM) and VM. Academic performance was compared between participants that were (year of 2019) or were not (year of 2015) exposed to VM. Taken the results together, subjective impressions such as handling, suitability, learning effectiveness, and pleasure using the tools, have shown a higher score for virtual microscopy (median = 29), when compared to optical microscopy (median = 24) with a P-value < 0.001 by Wilcoxon rank test, upon measurement using an ordinal scale. Regarding academic performance, no statistically significant differences were found between groups (P-value = 0.38, Cohen's d = 0.19). Therefore, VM proved to be adequate to the Brazilian medical education in light of Brazilian social contexts and Covid-19 pandemic.  相似文献   

From power‐machines to intelligent‐machines: A new education for a new technological era     

Mariana Belis 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(3):393-397

The technological revolution of our epoch is based upon a new kind of tool, the development and use of which requires not physical strength but higher education. The computer and its many industrial applications have completely changed technology, opening up new vistas for the participation of women in the labour force. An important problem raised by these changes is the technical education of both sexes. This paper discusses the experience acquired in Romania in this respect and the results obtained in the last decades.  相似文献   

Metropolis revisited: the evolving role of librarians in informatics education for the health professions     

Samuel B. King  Mariana Lapidus 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2015,103(1):14-18

Objective:

The authors'' goal was to assess changes in the role of librarians in informatics education from 2004 to 2013. This is a follow-up to “Metropolis Redux: The Unique Importance of Library Skills in Informatics,” a 2004 survey of informatics programs.

Methods:

An electronic survey was conducted in January 2013 and sent to librarians via the MEDLIB-L email discussion list, the library section of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, the Medical Informatics Section of the Medical Library Association, the Information Technology Interest Group of the Association of College and Research Libraries/New England Region, and various library directors across the country.

Results:

Librarians from fifty-five institutions responded to the survey. Of these respondents, thirty-four included librarians in nonlibrary aspects of informatics training. Fifteen institutions have librarians participating in leadership positions in their informatics programs. Compared to the earlier survey, the role of librarians has evolved.

Conclusions:

Librarians possess skills that enable them to participate in informatics programs beyond a narrow library focus. Librarians currently perform significant leadership roles in informatics education. There are opportunities for librarian interdisciplinary collaboration in informatics programs.

Implications:

Informatics is much more than the study of technology. The information skills that librarians bring to the table enrich and broaden the study of informatics in addition to adding value to the library profession itself.  相似文献   

Business Giving,the Tsunami and Corporates as Rock Stars: Some Implications for Arts Funding?     

Jenny Harrow  Paul Palmer  Mariana Bogdanova 《Cultural Trends》2006,15(4):299-323

Financial and cultural aspects of corporate giving by UK and non-UK companies in response to the December 2004 South Asia Tsunami disaster are explored in this article. Literatures on corporate giving rationales, concepts of disaster and donor activity in disasters provide an underpinning. The article seeks to make connections between this high profile if short-lived business giving and the funding of the arts that is sought from business; and to draw tentative lessons for arts funding when seeking business support. The giving accounts in the wake of the Tsunami from a non-probability sample1 1. A probability sample is one in which each person (or company in this case) in the population has an equal chance (probability) of being selected. In a non-probability sample some people (in this case, companies) have a greater chance than others of being selected. For this study the availability of public information on the companies was the deciding factor on being selected. View all notes of 56 UK companies and 16 non-UK companies were examined. Reported online to the UK charity Business in the Community, these accounts were accessed in February 2005 and scrutinized thematically. Concurrently, company financial profiles to accompany giving figures were constructed. Although linkages between donation levels and financial performance were lacking, emerging themes included the role of employees, influencing company giving and creating a climate of expectation of firms' contributions. These developments may have important implications for business funding for the arts, where leading philanthropists are prominent as individuals in the giving landscapes; but employees' collective involvement is not marked. Alternatively, cultivation of employees as would-be donors, indirectly via their firms, may be a more secure, if lower level route to funding for some arts organizations than dependence on high profile business leaders. The article considers alternative scenarios for company giving in disaster contexts, including as a sustained and lasting giving theme or as company support as a ‘one-off’ event, rock-star style. The likely development of employee power as a key element in company giving is explored; and its wider meanings for funding in arts settings, (where the giver as rock star heroine/hero is also prominent) are considered.  相似文献   

Verhaltens- und Kompetenzentwicklung im Kontext der Familie     

Prof. Dr. Sabine Walper  Mariana Grgic 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2013,16(3):503-531

The significance of family influences for children’s development is beyond dispute. Social disparities in stimulation provided by families and their influence on cognitive competencies have frequently been pointed out. However, little notice has been attracted to the variety of everyday family activities and their importance for children’s behavioral and competence development. Focusing on 6 to 8 years old children (n?=?1,377), this paper investigates firstly which factors affect mothers’ education-oriented and outdoor activities with their child, children’s involvement in household chores and aspects of parenting. Secondly, we analyze how these different types of activities as well as the parenting climate relate to children’s problem behavior, prosocial behavior, and everyday language skills. Cross-sectional regression analyses point to advantages of high maternal education and child-centered parenting. High maternal educational resources facilitate a focus on education-oriented activities, while outdoor activities and children’s involvement in household chores stand back. In addition to child-centered parenting, features of everyday family activities prove relevant for children’s behavioral and competence development.  相似文献   

From inception to implementation: an Argentine case study of teachers enacting early years inquiry-based science     

Melina Furman  Mariana Luzuriaga  Inés Taylor  María Eugenia Podestá  Diana Jarvis 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2019,39(4):408-425

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Effect of instruction using students' prior knowledge and conceptual change strategies on science learning     

Mariana G. Hewson  Peter W. Hewson 《科学教学研究杂志》1983,20(8):731-743

One of the factors affecting students' learning in science is their existing knowledge prior to instruction. The students' prior knowledge provides an indication of the alternative conceptions as well as the scientific conceptions possessed by the students. This study is concerned primarily with students' alternative conceptions and with instructional strategies to effect the learning of scientific conceptions; i.e., to effect conceptual change from alternative to scientific conceptions. The conceptual change model used here suggests conditions under which alternative conceptions can be replaced by or differentiated into scientific conceptions and new conceptions can be integrated with existing conceptions. The instructional strategy and materials were developed for a particular student population, namely, black high school students in South Africa, using their previously identified prior knowledge (conceptions and alternative conceptions) and incorporate the principles for conceptual change. The conceptions involved were mass, volume, and density. An experimental group of students was taught these concepts using the special instructional strategy and materials. A control group was taught the same concepts using a traditional strategy and materials. Pre- and posttests were used to assess the conceptual change that occurred in the experimental and control groups. The results showed a significantly larger improvement in the acquisition of scientific conceptions as a result of the instructional strategy and materials which explicitly dealt with student alternative conceptions.  相似文献   

Lifelong learning policies supporting young adults in two Portuguese regions     

Mariana Rodrigues  Rita Queiroga  Ana Bela Ribeiro  Natália Alves  Tiago Neves 《International Journal of Lifelong Education》2020,39(1):61-74

ABSTRACT

Precarious jobs and unemployment have become common issues for many young adults due to the unfavourable labour market situation in Portugal. Against this background, lifelong learning (LLL) policies have been called in to play a role in creating economic growth and supporting the social inclusion of young adults in vulnerable educational and economic circumstances. These policies are defined at the national level; however, their implementation depends on the action of local actors who face specific challenges. This paper explores disparities in the definition and implementation of LLL policies targeting young adults in two Portuguese regions. Specifically, we analyse professional courses in Vale do Ave (North) and adult education and training courses in Alentejo Litoral (South). These regions were selected due to their dissimilar economic structure. This study adopted a qualitative approach through interviews with LLL experts and policy roundtables with local stakeholders and decision-makers in both regions. Data were transcribed and analysed using NVivo 10. The study shows that the two regions have different cooperation networks between local stakeholders, and that these impact the opportunities to influence the regional skills formation system differently. Also, the study shows that LLL policies are not designed to address destandardised life courses.  相似文献   

Immigrant Families and Children (Re)Develop Identities in a New Context     

Mariana Souto-Manning 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2007,34(6):399-405

Resolving conflicting linguistic traditions and struggling with new identities are significant challenges for immigrants to the United States. This case study introduces an immigrant mother from Mexico who renamed her youngest son on his first day of first grade to avoid the widespread stereotypes and academic stagnation experienced by her two older sons. Such (re)naming practices constitute and represent the very precarious social and institutional relationships taking place in schools involving immigrant children. In this case study, there was indication of negative aspects of assimilation processes taking place as the family adapted to a new culture and language. For example, the misconception is still widespread that efforts to learn two languages rather than just one diminish a child’s ability to learn other things, which should be learned. However, research in language acquisition and development, points to bilingualism and multilingualism as resources rather than deficits (Souto-Manning, 2006).  相似文献   

Generative text sets: Tools for negotiating critically inclusive early childhood teacher education pedagogical practices     

Mariana Souto-Manning 《Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education》2017,38(1):79-101

Through a case study, this article sheds light onto generative text sets as tools for developing and enacting critically inclusive early childhood teacher education pedagogies. In doing so, it positions teaching and learning processes as sociocultural, historical, and political acts as it inquires into the use of generative text sets in one early childhood teacher education setting. Drawing on critical pedagogy and critical literacy as frameworks, this article seeks to shed light onto the affordances of such tools for preparing early childhood teachers to work in diverse settings in critically inclusive and culturally relevant ways.  相似文献