Hip and upper extremity kinematics in youth baseball pitchers     

Taylor Holt 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(9):856-861

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between dynamic hip rotational range of motion and upper extremity kinematics during baseball pitching. Thirty-one youth baseball pitchers (10.87 ± 0.92 years; 150.03 ± 5.48 cm; 44.83 ± 8.04 kg) participated. A strong correlation was found between stance hip rotation and scapular upward rotation at maximum shoulder external rotation (r = 0.531, P = 0.002) and at ball release (r = 0.536, P = 0.002). No statistically significant correlations were found between dynamic hip rotational range of motion and passive hip range of motion. Hip range of motion deficits can constrain pelvis rotation and limit energy generation in the lower extremities. Shoulder pathomechanics can then develop as greater responsibility is placed on the shoulder to generate the energy lost from the proximal segments, increasing risk of upper extremity injury. Additionally, it appears that passive seated measurements of hip range of motion may not accurately reflect the dynamic range of motion of the hips through the progression of the pitch cycle.  相似文献   

结晶紫催化动力学光度法测定微量草酸     

彭金云 《南宁师范高等专科学校学报》2007,24(4):144-145

在稀磷酸介质中,微量草酸对KBrO3氧化结晶紫的褪色反应有显著的活化作用,据此建立了测定微量草酸的新方法。方法的线性范围是O.5-5.0μg/mL,检出限为O.2μg/mL.方法简便,快速,灵敏度高,用于茶叶中草酸含量的测定,结果满意。  相似文献   

甲基橙褪色光度法测定加碘盐中微量碘     

余建平  林燕 《赣南师范学院学报》2005,26(6):49-50

基于硫酸介质中,在溴化钾催化作用下,碘酸根氧化甲基橙褪色作用,据此建立了测定碘的动力学光度法.结果表明,最大吸收波长为507 nm时,碘酸钾浓度在0~1.6 mg/L内呈线性关系,表观摩尔吸收系数为9.17×104L.mol-1cm-1.方法用于加碘盐中碘(V)的测定,结果令人满意.  相似文献   

稀土复合固体超强酸SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2/Ce~(4+)催化合成乙酸环己酯及动力学研究     

邓斌  梁超伦  陈六平 《湘南学院学报》2007,28(5):62-66

研究了以稀土复合固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2/Ce4+为催化剂合成乙酸环己酯的反应,在反应温度分别为100℃、110℃、120℃下,测出酯化反应的动力学参数,建立了动力学方程,并与无催化剂作用下合成乙酸环己酯反应的活化能及动力学方程进行了比较.实验结果表明,该催化酯化反应的优化合成条件是:乙酸用量为0.262 1mol时,醇酸摩尔比为1.5:1,催化剂用量为1.0g,带水剂环己烷的加入量为12mL.稀土复合固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2/Ce4+可使反应的活化能明显降低,是合成乙酸环己酯的有效催化剂.  相似文献   

金属光电效应逸出功简要分析     

唐亚陆  胡光  张俊 《宜春学院学报》2011,33(8):35-36

大学物理教材中对光电效应下的定义不准确,对光电子是否有最大初动能存在两派观点,通过对金属逸出功的分析,表明光电子存在最大初动能。  相似文献   

Kinematic analysis of the drag flick in field hockey     

Rony Ibrahim  Gert S. Faber  Jaap H. van Dieën 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2017,16(1):45-57

Attaining high speed of the stick head and consequently of the ball is essential for successful performance of the drag flick in field hockey, but the coordination pattern used to maximise stick head speed is unknown. The kinematics of the drag flick was studied in ten elite hockey players who performed twenty shots each towards a target located 1.5 m high. A 150 Hz active marker motion analysis system was used, alongside two force plates to detect foot touchdown. Angular velocity and contribution to stick endpoint speed of upper body joints were analysed. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare timing of onset and peak angular velocities between joints. Participants used a kinematic pattern that was close to a proximal-to-distal sequence. Trunk axial rotation and lateral rotation towards the target, right wrist flexion and left wrist extension were the main contributors to stick endpoint speed. Coaches should emphasise trunk rotations and wrist flexion and extension movements for maximising stick head speed. Given the high level of the participants in this study, the coordination of joints motions, as reported here, can serve as a guideline for drag flick training.  相似文献   

Effects of changing speed on knee and ankle joint load during walking and running     

Ana Cristina de David  Felipe Pivetta Carpes  Darren Stefanyshyn 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(4):391-397

Joint moments can be used as an indicator of joint loading and have potential application for sports performance and injury prevention. The effects of changing walking and running speeds on joint moments for the different planes of motion still are debatable. Here, we compared knee and ankle moments during walking and running at different speeds. Data were collected from 11 recreational male runners to determine knee and ankle joint moments during different conditions. Conditions include walking at a comfortable speed (self-selected pacing), fast walking (fastest speed possible), slow running (speed corresponding to 30% slower than running) and running (at 4 m · s^?1 ± 10%). A different joint moment pattern was observed between walking and running. We observed a general increase in joint load for sagittal and frontal planes as speed increased, while the effects of speed were not clear in the transverse plane moments. Although differences tend to be more pronounced when gait changed from walking to running, the peak moments, in general, increased when speed increased from comfortable walking to fast walking and from slow running to running mainly in the sagittal and frontal planes. Knee flexion moment was higher in walking than in running due to larger knee extension. Results suggest caution when recommending walking over running in an attempt to reduce knee joint loading. The different effects of speed increments during walking and running should be considered with regard to the prevention of injuries and for rehabilitation purposes.  相似文献   

不同形式最大负荷运动过程中气体代谢、能量代谢及机械效率关系的实验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张伯强  严波涛  高新友  马丽君  孙明运 《西安体育学院学报》2006,23(1):58-61

通过对上肢、下肢、腰部及全身最大负荷运动过程中气体代谢、能量代谢及其机械效率间关系的实验研究,结果表明,不同形式运动过程中,VO2增长的幅度越大,持续时间越长,呼吸-循环效率(VO2/HR、VEO2)和耗氧经济性(总需氧量/W)越高,机械效率越高;无氧代谢参与供能比例越大(RQ越大),机械效率越小。  相似文献   

刺激耳穴对定量负荷中心功能影响的实验研究     

周英男  佟海青  樊晋华 《北京体育大学学报》1997,(1)

采用超声心动图检查与动力性运动负荷实验相结合的实验方法，采用自身对照法，对２６名受试者分别测定刺激耳穴“心穴”、“小肠”穴，以及不刺激耳穴时，受试者安静时，运动负荷中及运动负荷后各１２ｍｉｎ的多种心功能指标。实验证明，刺激特定的耳穴可以激发心力储备的潜力，提高心脏的排血功能及舒张功能。  相似文献   

阻抑甲基橙褪色催化动力学光度法测定痕量钴(Ⅱ)     

杨洋  杨森  张琪  王洪福  何黎明 《绵阳师范学院学报》2011,30(5):58-61

在稀HNO4介质中,Co(Ⅱ)对高碘酸钾氧化甲基橙褪色反应具有阻抑作用,且阻抑反应的强弱与加入Co(Ⅱ)离子浓度成正比,由此建立了阻抑甲基橙褪色催化动力学光度法测定痕量Co(Ⅱ)的新光度分析方法。研究了最佳实验条件,吸光度为502nm处,阻抑反应吸光度(A)与非阻抑反应吸光度(A0)的差值△A与钴(Ⅱ)质量浓度在0.003-1.0μg/25 mL范围内有良好的线性关系,检出限为1.0981×10-10g/mL。测定了动力学参数,反应为准一级反应,表观活化能为63.24 kJ/mol,在80℃下反应的表观速率常数为6.70×10-4/s。该方法可用于药用VB12针剂中痕量Co(Ⅱ)测定,回收率在97~102%之间,符合痕量分析要求。  相似文献