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Mooses and colleagues suggest that running economy alone does not explain superior distance running performance in elite Kenyan runners. Whilst we agree with the multi-factorial hypothesis for Kenyan running success, we do not believe that running economy can be overlooked to the extent that it was based on this particular study. Based on the methods used and the range of athletes tested, in this response letter we question whether this study provides any basis for downplaying the influence of running economy or suggesting that other factors compensate for it to enable superior performance. 相似文献
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阐述3000m障碍跑的发展简史和基本技术特点，分析了3000m障碍跑技术新的发展态势．指出技术因素已经成为3000m障碍跑高水平运动员获胜的主要原因之一，即成为现代世界高水平3000m障碍跑比赛的致胜因素。 相似文献
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朱红军 《南京体育学院学报(社会科学版)》2001,15(3):83-84
通过对南京理工大学20名男、女高水平短跑运动员的研究表明,准备活动不充分是其训练、比赛中受伤的主要原因;准备活动的充分性对短跑强度课的训练质量有重要的积极意义,对短跑的影响程度与跑距成缮反比. 相似文献
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本文运用CFOCS-Ⅳ型心血管功能检测仪对12名一级以上女子中长跑运动员在自行车功率仪做递增负荷间歇运动时的心泵功能、血管功能和微循环共24个指标进行同步观察,得到运动中的各项指标的量化变化,为运动员选材评定训练效果和制定运动训练方案提供了一定的理论依据。 相似文献
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Abstract The aims of this study were to determine if the primary time constant (τ) for oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2) at the onset of moderate-intensity treadmill exercise is related to endurance running performance, and to establish if τ could be considered a determinant of endurance running performance. Thirty-six endurance trained male runners performed a series of laboratory tests, on separate days, to determine maximal oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2max), the ventilatory threshold (VT) and running economy. In addition, runners completed six transitions from walking (4 km · h?1) to moderate-intensity running (80% VT) for the determination of the [Vdot]O2 primary time constant and mean response time. During all tests, pulmonary gas-exchange was measured breath-by-breath. Endurance running performance was determined using a treadmill 5-km time-trial, after which runners were considered as combined performers (n=36) and, using a ranking system, high performers (n=10) and low performers (n=10). Relationships between τ and endurance running performance were quantified using correlation coefficients (r). Stepwise multiple regression was used to determine the primary predictor variables of endurance running performance in combined performers. Moderate correlations were observed between τ, mean response time and endurance running performance, but only for the combined performers (r=?0.55, P=0.001 and r=?0.50, P=0.002, respectively). The regression model for predicting 5-km performance did not include τ or mean response time. The velocity at [Vdot]O2max was strongly correlated to endurance running performance in all groups (r=0.72 – 0.84, P < 0.01) and contributed substantially to the prediction of performance. In conclusion, the results suggest that despite their role in determining the oxygen deficit and having a moderate relationship with endurance running performance, neither τ nor mean response time is a primary determinant of endurance running performance. 相似文献
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Gerald D. Tharp William G. Thorland Glen O. Johnson James B. Peter 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):139-143
The purpose of the study was to compare young sprint and distance runners for changes in their cardiac dimensions with increased age (10–17 years) or body surface area (1–2 m2). Echocardiographic dimensions were obtained on 73 male track athletes competing in the 1983 National Age Group Track and Field Association championships. Each group of athletes was also compared with a hypothetical normal population (matched for weight and age) generated from prediction equations derived by Henry, Gardin, & Ware (1980). The cardiac dimensions examined were: Left ventricular internal diameter, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, and interventricular septum thickness. The male distance runners (n = 38) had a significantly greater increase in left ventricular posterior wall thickness and interventricular septum thickness with increasing age or increasing body surface area compared to the sprinters (n = 35) or compared to the predicted normal population. The left ventricular internal diameter was not significantly different between the groups. These results indicate that the hearts of male distance runners are undergoing a training hypertrophy whereas the hearts of sprinters are no different than hearts in a normal population. The changes in cardiac dimensions of these young athletes run counter to the generalizations stated for adult athletes: That endurance training enlarges the left ventricular internal diameter, but does not increase the left ventricular posterior wall or interventricular septum thickness. 相似文献
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中长跑运动员大强度训练前后免疫力变化的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
何旅军 《吉林体育学院学报》2009,25(3):77-79
通过文献资料法、实验法、问卷调查法、比较分析法、数理统计等方法,探讨中长跑运动员大强度训练前后外周血中细胞及其分类和免疫球蛋白的变化特征,应根据变化特点科学的控制运动员的训练负荷。 相似文献
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在"马拉松热"的背景下,对跑步参与过程中马拉松跑者的深度休闲特质进行探究。采用滚雪球抽样方式,对20名马拉松跑者进行半结构式访谈,通过质性分析软件NVivo 11.0对访谈资料进行分析。研究结果表明马拉松跑者具有深度休闲的6个特质:坚持不懈、生涯性、显著的个人努力、强烈的认同感、独特的文化、持久的收益。本研究进一步丰富了已有研究成果,其中坚持不懈中的"毅力"和"自我管理"两方面体现了马拉松项目的特点。对马拉松跑者来讲,经济回报和团队发展并不是明显的持久收益。本研究结果拓展了对我国"马拉松热"现象的理解,未来应采用定量方法进行深入研究。 相似文献
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J. Santos-Concejero N. Tam D. R. Coetzee J. Oliván T. D. Noakes R. Tucker 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(6):531-538
The aim of this study was to determine whether gait cycle characteristics are associated with running economy in elite Kenyan runners. Fifteen elite Kenyan male runners completed two constant-speed running sets on a treadmill (12 km ·h?1 and 20 km ·h?1). VO2 and respiratory exchange ratio values were measured to calculate steady-state oxygen and energy cost of running. Gait cycle characteristics and ground contact forces were measured at each speed. Oxygen cost of running at different velocities was 192.2 ± 14.7 ml· kg?1· km?1 at 12 km· h?1 and 184.8 ± 9.9 ml· kg?1· km?1 at 20 km· h?1, which corresponded to a caloric cost of running of 0.94 ± 0.07 kcal ·kg?1·km?1 and 0.93 ± 0.07 kcal· kg?1· km?1. We found no significant correlations between oxygen and energy cost of running and biomechanical variables and ground reaction forces at either 12 or 20 km· h?1. However, ground contact times were ~10.0% shorter (very large effect) than in previously published literature in elite runners at similar speeds, alongside an 8.9% lower oxygen cost (very large effect). These results provide evidence to hypothesise that the short ground contact times may contribute to the exceptional running economy of Kenyan runners. 相似文献