Bayesian reasoning in avalanche terrain: a theoretical investigation     

Philip A. Ebert 《Journal of Adventure Education & Outdoor Learning》2019,19(1):84-95

In this article, I explore a Bayesian approach to avalanche decision-making. I motivate this perspective by highlighting a version of the base-rate fallacy and show that a similar pattern applies to decision-making in avalanche-terrain. I then draw out three theoretical lessons from adopting a Bayesian approach and discuss these lessons critically. Lastly, I highlight a number of challenges for avalanche educators when incorporating the Bayesian perspective in their curriculum.  相似文献   

Pupil participation in planning provision for special educational needs: teacher perspectives     

Rosalind Merrick 《Support for Learning》2020,35(1):101-118

There are legal, moral and practical reasons to involve pupils in planning provision for their special educational needs. We do not yet know how principles are implemented in practice. This study explored the views and experiences of 64 teachers with an interest in special educational needs through an online survey. Participants reported greater pupil involvement in everyday matters, less in conceptual aspects of planning. Effective strategies were based on good teacher-pupil relationships and school-wide systems for sharing pupil views. Participants gave examples of the impact of pupil participation on teacher insight, pupil motivation and material provision. 84 per cent indicated that they would like pupils to be more involved in decisions about their provision than they currently are. Barriers included the nature of children’s difficulties and practitioner attitudes. Listening to children is intrinsic to good teaching, yet pupils also benefit from a more formal role in provision planning.  相似文献   

Study Abroad Experience and Career Decision-Making: A Qualitative Study of Chinese Students     

WU Yihan 《Frontiers of Education in China》2020,15(2):313

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The effect of athletic expertise and trait emotional intelligence on decision-making     

Robert Vaughan  Sylvain Laborde  Christopher McConville 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(2):225-233

The quality of decision and assessment of risk are key determinants of successful sport performance. Athletes differ fundamentally in their decision-making ability according to their athletic expertise level. Moreover, given the influence of emotions on decision-making, it is likely that a trait reflecting emotional functioning, trait emotional intelligence, may also influence decision-making. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the respective contribution of athletic expertise and trait emotional intelligence to non-athletic decision-making. In total, 269 participants aged between 18 and 26 years with a range of athletic experience i.e. none (n?=?71), novice (n?=?54), amateur (n?=?55), elite (n?=?45) and super-elite (n?=?44), completed the Emotional Intelligence Scale and the Cambridge Gambling Task. Regression modelling indicated a significant positive relationship of athletic expertise and trait emotional intelligence with the quality of decision-making, and a negative relationship with deliberation time and risk-taking. Cognitive skills transfer may explain the higher decision-making scores associated with higher athletic expertise, while individuals with higher trait emotional intelligence may anticipate better the emotional consequences linked with a gambling task, which may help individuals make better decisions and take less risks.  相似文献   

Modelling Quoting in Newswriting: A Framework for Studies on the Production of News     

Lauri Haapanen 《Journalism Practice》2020,14(3):374-394

ABSTRACT

The Mediated Social Communication (MSC) approach considers mass media a venue for opposing and complementary societal groups to publicly negotiate socially relevant topics. This negotiation is conducted through representatives of these groups and mediated by journalists. Inspired by the MSC approach, this paper presents an empirically grounded model that structures the mediating process through the process of quoting. By identifying the key phases of newswriting as sub-processes of quoting, the paper argues that journalists (1) decide on a topical issue to be addressed (topicalisation), (2) identify groups of people who are linked to this issue (societal localisation), (3) pick some people as representatives of these societal groups (personalisation), and (4) verbalise these people's points of view, often by means of quoting, inter alia (verbalisation). The four-phase model is then operationalised into a data collection method that facilitates access to and fosters new insights into the subtle dynamics of newswriting. Hitherto, these dynamics have often remained obscure, because the craft ethos is adopted as tacit knowledge through implicit socialisation and is therefore difficult for journalists to verbalise. The paper concludes by calling for reconsideration of journalists’ role as gatekeepers who decide which issues and voices are heard in public discourse.  相似文献   

跨国公司向其在华合资企业技术转移决策系统分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姜黎辉  张朋柱 《科研管理》2004,25(6):42-49

对于国外跨国公司(TNC)来说，向其在华合资企业转移技术的结果是效益和风险并存，系统研究跨国公司的技术转移决策依据，对中方合作伙伴获取先进技术有着现实的指导意义。本文结合实际案例，构建出跨国公司在技术转移方面决策依据的指标体系，包括跨国公司对其在华合资企业的稳定性预期、技术转移与其全球战略一致性、技术转移的获利性、合资企业对新技术的吸收和适应能力、合资企业所处供应链的上下游企业对新技术配套支持能力和技术保密安全度6个一级指标以及与之有关的15个二级指标和43个三级指标，并相应构建了技术转移可行性等级的多层次FCE模型，并用实例加以应用，利用定性和定量结合的FCE模型，可以较好地对技术转移可行性进行综合评价。  相似文献   

一个基于决策过程的企业能力测量模型     

夏冬 《技术与创新管理》2007,28(2):84-85,88

通过对企业决策基本过程的量化,提出一个基于决策过程的企业能力的测量模型;对该模型的应用范围作了扩展,并对该模型与以往常见企业能力测量方法的结合运用加以说明。  相似文献   

情绪的ERP研究新进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

黄宇霞  罗跃嘉 《中国科学院研究生院学报》2004,21(4):433-440

ERP技术是研究情绪问题的有效手段 ,实验对象包括正常被试以及心境障碍的病人 .可从视觉或 和听觉通道给予情绪刺激材料 ,观察P1、N1和P30 0等ERP成分的变化 .研究发现 ,情绪可增强被试对情绪事件的注意强度 ,尤其是新异的情绪内容较易得到识别 .在正常被试中 ,情绪词相较中性词能引起较大的新旧效应 ,抑郁症患者的新旧效应与正常人有所不同 ,但其再认成绩也能被情绪内容提高 .在研究情绪对决策行为的影响时 ,观察到内侧额叶负波 (MFN) .ERP研究表明 ,情绪活动也存在大脑功能的偏侧化效应 .  相似文献   

创业团队决策模式研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周劲波  古翠凤 《研究与发展管理》2008,20(1):64-71

根据多层次团队决策理论和文献以及本研究的问卷数据,对创业团队决策模式进行研究,确定了基于头脑风暴、愿景驱动、情感支持和专家参谋的四种创业团队决策模式特征.创业初始阶段,主要是基于专家参谋的决策模式特征;创业发展阶段,四种决策模式特征没有显著差异;创业转折阶段,主要是基于情感支持和基于愿景驱动的决策模式特征.基于头脑风暴和基于愿景驱动的决策模式要比基于情感支持和基于专家参谋的决策模式有更好的创业绩效.  相似文献   

Departmentalized,Self-Contained,or Somewhere in Between: Understanding Elementary Grade-Level Organizational Decision-Making     

Audra Parker  Lori Rakes  Katie Arndt 《The Educational forum》2017,81(3):236-255

Recent trends indicate a move away from self-contained classrooms and toward content-focused departmentalization in elementary schools. This study takes a snapshot of the existing organizational structures used in elementary schools in one district and explores administrators’ beliefs and practices regarding this phenomenon. Our findings suggest administrators base their decisions to organize grade levels on various factors, including their own experiences, contextual dynamics, and personal perceptions of outcomes for students and teachers.  相似文献