共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 744 毫秒
1.
2.
近年来国内学习障碍儿童认知特征研究综述 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
学习障碍已成为当今学龄儿童常见的问题,并引起国内外各界研究者的高度重视。本文从视觉-空间认知缺陷、言语理解表达不足、注意集中困难、汉字再认困难、抽象信息的感知、加工处理能力受损几个方面对近年言语型学习障碍儿童认知特征的研究进行了分析,并从视觉-运动和空间认知障碍、神经心理缺陷、精神运动能力及性格、行为缺陷、社会认知缺陷几个方面对非言语型学习障碍儿童认知特征的研究进行述评。 相似文献
3.
本研究基于听写障碍儿童存在视觉辨别、形音联结缺陷的研究结果,对听写障碍儿童进行有针对性的认知干预训练,并进行实验比较.研究表明:视觉辨别、形音联结的干预能相应地提高听写障碍儿童的视觉辨别能力和形音联结能力;对于汉字学习来说,形音联结、视觉辨别相结合的综合干预训练比单一的视觉辨别、形音联结干预训练效果好.视觉辨别与形音联结相结合的综合认知干预方案更能提高听写障碍儿童相应的认知能力,促进听写障碍儿童的汉字学习质量. 相似文献
4.
王春红 《湖南第一师范学报》2008,8(4):31-32
学习障碍已成为当今学龄儿童常见的问题,并引起国内外各界研究者的高度重视。言语型学习障碍的认知特征及影响因素主要表现在视觉一空间、语言、抽象信息等方面;非言语型学习障碍儿童认知特征及影响因素主要表现在视觉和空间、性格和行为、社会认知等方面。对学习障碍的教育矫治需要学校、老师和家长的共同努力。 相似文献
5.
一、实施视觉策略的背景视觉策略原是为自闭症学生设计的介入策略之一。它是一种采用视觉信息,例如文字、图像、照片等来协助、促进儿童的理解、沟通及自我管理能力的教学策略。对于在语言沟通、社交、情绪和行为方面存在严重障碍的自闭症儿童,效果显著,对其他障碍类型儿童也有较好的效果。 相似文献
6.
以实验的方法,把视觉策略运用到自闭症、学习障碍、智障以及脑瘫等特殊儿童的日常生活和学习当中,从而寻找一套适合特殊儿童的视觉策略提示方法。以广州市越秀区启智学校全校学生为研究对象,运用视觉策略,提高特殊学生的日常生活和学习质量。结果显示,通过在全校统一且坚持地推行视觉策略,学生的日常生活以及学习质量都有明显提高。 相似文献
7.
采用《YG-WR性格检查量表》和《心理健康诊断测验》对重庆市盲校50名学生进行测试,探讨视觉障碍儿童的人格与心理健康的特征及其相互关系。结果表明:视觉障碍儿童中人格特征的抑郁和社会性较高,攻击性和神精质较低;心理健康问题的检出率由高到低分别是冲动、恐怖和身体症状焦虑;性别、家庭经济条件、盲和低视之间在人格和心理健康之间不存在显著差异;抑郁和细致性对心理健康有显著的预测效应。 相似文献
8.
以盲校幼儿园大班至小学二年级的33名视觉障碍儿童为研究对象,利用韦克斯勒学龄儿童智力量表的词汇及类同部分测验为材料,研究以汉语为母语的低年级视觉障碍儿童词义掌握情况.结果发现低年级视觉障碍儿童词义理解能力显著低于普通儿童;在词义理解上,大多处于具体的、功用的水平,难以归纳、概括事物的本质属性;视觉障碍儿童个体间差异明显;教育对于视觉障碍儿童词义理解有显著作用. 相似文献
9.
《赤峰学院学报(自然科学版)》2016,(3)
目的:了解儿童学习困难儿童(LD)的认知特征及影响因素.方法:采用静进等人编制的儿童学习障碍筛查量表(PRS)对4~7年级共2030名学生进行统一测评和分析.结果:儿童学习困难的筛查率为12.57%,不同类型学习困难儿童认知特征存在显著性差异,不同生源地、是否留守学习困难儿童的认知结构上不存在显著性差异;学习困难儿童认知特征在性别上除社会行为方面女生显著高于男生外,其他方面未达到显著性差异.结论:学习困难儿童的教育与安置要根据其学习困难类型分类进行处理,其中综合型学习困难儿童需要重点关注. 相似文献
10.
很多研究试图揭示学习障碍与社会技能缺失的关系,探讨社会技能起缺失是否是学习障碍儿童特有的现象。研究者围绕学习障碍定义关于社会技能缺失的表述,学习障碍儿童社会技能缺失成因,学习障碍子类型与社会技能缺失的关系以及学习障碍儿童社会技能缺失元分析研究四个方面对这一问题进行研究。研究学习障碍与社会技能缺失的关系对教育者开展干预工作具有重要的指导意义。将来的研究应关注学习障碍儿童社会技能缺失的类型特点和发展特点。 相似文献
11.
学习困难生的社会信息加工范式是目前研究学习困难学生社会性发展的主要范式,学习困难儿童自我概念的研究是当前学习困难儿童社会性发展的一个重要研究领域。目前比较一致的认为,自我概念一般包括三个维度：学业自我概念、非学业自我概念和一般/总体自我概念。从学习困难的概念与理解、学习困难学生自我概念和学习困难学生自我概念的干预研究三个方面进行了总结,并提出相关思考和建议。 相似文献
12.
J W Chapman 《Journal of learning disabilities》1992,25(6):362-370
Learning disabilities (LD) has never been officially recognized as a category of special education in New Zealand. This article discusses the main reasons for the rejection of the LD category. The education system in New Zealand is described, and the nature of special education is outlined to provide a context for considering LD. Attempts by the parent group SPELD (New Zealand Federation of Specific Learning Disabilities Associations) to have "specific learning disabilities" (SLD) recognized in legislation are discussed, along with reasons for the rejection of these attempts by state education officials. It is concluded that LD/SLD will never be recognized as such in New Zealand. The needs of students with LD may potentially be met by new policies for "high incidence" special needs. But teachers' lack of skills and strategies for working with a range of learning difficulties is seen as an impediment to students with LD being adequately helped in the foreseeable future. 相似文献
13.
学习不良儿童自我概念研究综述 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
学习不良儿童自我概念的研究是当前学习不良儿童社会性发展的一个重要研究领域。综述主要围绕学习不良儿童自我概念的特点、影响因素、功能和干预展开。文末还指出了研究中存在的问题和未来研究的发展趋势。 相似文献
14.
Research has documented overlapping and coexisting characteristics of learning disabilities (LD) and emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD). Such concomitance may impact teacher referrals of children at risk for LD which in turn may influence service delivery. Using the Learning Disabilities Diagnostic Inventory (LDDI) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), we examined teachers’ ratings of EBD and LD symptoms in 439 students referred for LD in elementary schools in Oman. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed that there were no gender differences in LD symptoms, whereas there were significant gender differences in teachers’ ratings of hyperactivity and conduct problems in referred children. There was an association between teachers’ ratings on the LDDI and SDQ dimensions, reflecting children’s concurrent display of LD and EBD symptoms. Implications are discussed within an Omani context in which there is a need to increase teachers’ awareness of the behavioural and emotional profile of children at risk for LD. 相似文献
15.
The present study aimed to comprehensively examine social cognition processes in children with and without learning disabilities (LD), focusing on social information processing (SIP) and complex emotional understanding capabilities such as understanding complex, mixed, and hidden emotions. Participants were 50 children with LD (age range 9.4-12.7; 35 boys, 15 girls) and 50 children without LD matched on grade, age, and gender. Children analyzed 4 social vignettes using Dodge's SIP model and completed 2 emotional recognition tasks (pictures and stories) and 4 emotional knowledge tasks, such as providing definitions and examples for 5 emotions (e.g., loneliness, pride, embarrassment). Study results demonstrated that children with LD had major difficulties in SIP processes and consistent difficulties with the different tasks in the understanding of complex emotions and in higher emotional understanding capabilities, such as understanding that 2 conflicting emotions (love and hate) can be simultaneously experienced. We discuss the implications of such difficulties for the understanding of social competence in children with LD as well as their implications for social skills intervention. 相似文献
16.
Social skills of students with special needs play a very important role in their successful integration into inclusive learning environments. The aim of present empirical research was to establish whether students with learning disabilities (LD) attending grades 7–9 of regular primary school in Slovenia experience difficulties in social skills compared to their peers without LD. The following measuring instruments were used: the Questionnaire about Interpersonal Difficulties for Adolescents, the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents and the Self-Concept Scale. The basic research findings indicated statistically significant structural differences between the students with LD and their peers. The two groups differ in terms of difficulties in social interaction. Students with LD experience more difficulties. Statistically significant differences between the groups also appeared in tension and inhibition in social contact and social anxiety, as well as in the area of self-concept: students with LD are more anxious and reserved in social contacts. 相似文献
17.
As a group, students with learning disabilities (LD) have social difficulties. One possible explanation for these difficulties is the unique way they process social information. Although students with LD may differ from their nondisabled peers in their social cognition, investigators have suggested the presence of subgroups within the population of students with LD who may differ in their social competence and, thereby, shed light on the source of the difficulties. The present exploratory study examined how two subgroups of students with LD in inclusive settings, students with high and low social status, perceive social situations. Using a sociometric technique, three students with LD receiving high social‐status ratings and three students with LD receiving low social‐status ratings were identified. A qualitative approach was used to gather and evaluate data from the participants and their teachers. Results suggested differences between the two subgroups in their (1) sensitivity to cues in the environment, (2) interpretation of social situations in relation to their own experiences, and (3) levels of self‐control. Implications of these findings for practice and future research are discussed. 相似文献
18.
Laura McFarland Jacob Williams Jeremy Miciak 《Learning disabilities research & practice》2013,28(2):60-69
Content analyses of journals in the field of LD provide a means of surveying research and publication trends, the knowledge of which may inform policy and practice related to future research agendas. As the first decade of the current millennium was particularly contentious for the field of LD, we felt that a content review would be timely. In this paper, the content of three refereed LD journals—Journal of Learning Disabilities, Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, and Learning Disabilities Quarterly—was analyzed. Articles from 2001–2010 (n = 841) were systematically coded to capture article type, area of interest, population of interest, sample characteristics, and inclusion of students with LD. Results indicate that across the decade, (a) 68% of articles reported empirical research; (b) empirical research trended up; (c) publication of intervention research remained steady; (d) the most common foci were literacy and the non‐academic characteristics of individuals with LD; and (e) inclusion of participants labeled as having a LD declined. We discuss trends, possible explanations, and implications, highlighting areas for future research. 相似文献
19.
美国对学习障碍与青少年犯罪关系研究综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作者主要从以下几个方面对美国学习障碍与青少年犯罪关系方面的研究进行了总结和回顾(1)美国12年计划,(2)学习障碍与青少年犯罪的联系,(3)学习障碍与青少年犯罪关系的理论,(4)学习障碍与青少年犯罪的共因. 相似文献
20.
Academic Achievement and Social Functioning of Children With and Without Learning Difficulties 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The academic achievement and social functioning of children with learning difficulties (LD) and children without LD (7–12 years old) was examined. Attainment scores in mathematics and English were obtained for each child, and a sample of children without LD was further classified as low achieving (LA) or high achieving (HA) on the basis of these scores. Sociometric and peer behavioural attribute scores were collected for each child. Findings indicated correlations of attainment with sociometric status and also with behaviour attributes. Boys and girls differed on the proportion of variance in sociometric status accounted for by academic achievement and also by various behavioural attributes. HA children scored higher on positive sociometric status than children with LD, and higher on positive behaviours than both LA children and children with LD. Children with LD scored higher on negative behaviours than both HA and LA children. The findings are discussed as indicating a relationship between academic achievement and social adjustment, suggesting that intervention strategies need to target social relationship difficulties in LA children as well as children with LD, while also accounting for possible gender differences. 相似文献