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对如何提高跳远助跑的准确性进行分析研究，证明提高跳远助跑准确性的练习方法，分析解决了提高跳远助跑准确性的几个问题，特别是在跳远运动实践中，速度训练效果如何转化为提高跳远助跑准确性进行了详细的理论分析，认识到跳远教学和训练中如何提高助跑的准确性。 相似文献
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通过文献资料、比较研究、综合分析等方法，对优秀跳远运动员助跑准确性进行比较研究。对跳远运动员助跑准确性的训练提出了一点建议，希望能为运动员提高跳远成绩提供帮助。 相似文献
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助跑技术是跳远技术的重要组成部分之一,助跑的准确性又是影响跳远成绩稳定发挥的关键因素。采用文献资料、实验、数据统计等研究方法,从助跑距离的确定,改善初始助跑节奏,对提高中学生跳远助跑准确性进行了研究,结果显示跳远助跑运用标记法教学效果优于传统教学法,为中学生跳远的教学和训练提供参考依据。 相似文献
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本文通过对我校第40届校运动会跳远运动员在预决赛中的助跑起跳动作，并针对我校男、女跳远运动员踏板准确性情况，结合助跑速度及成绩进行分析研究，提出跳远训练中准确上板的技术要求，为跳远运动员在今后训练中提供参考依据。 相似文献
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关于提高跳远运动员助跑准确性的研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
对7名跳远运动员采用标记跑进行了6个月的助跑训练,结果表明,这种方法能够促使助跑最后几步步长的稳定,明显提高助跑的准确性。并且有利于加快运动员助跑最后几步的步频,提高助跑后10m的水平速度,从而导致跳远专项成绩的提高。 相似文献
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青少年跳远运动员助跑准确性训练探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
跳远助跑准确性是影响跳远成绩的一个重要因素。许多文献指出，助跑技术和心理是影响跳远助跑准确性的重要因素，并提出了一些专门的技术训练或心理训练的方法。跳远助跑技术训练和心理训练是密不可分的，心理训练应始终贯穿于技术训练中，采取助跑技术专门训练和心理训练相结合的训练方法，对青少年运动员取得了良好的效果。 相似文献
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我国优秀跳远运动员助跑速度已接近国际优秀运动员的助跑速度,但在助跑过程中表现出助跑节奏和速度不稳定,踏板的准确性较差,运动员普遍在后4步中有明显减速现象,对速度的利用率较低,成为影响我国跳远运动成绩的主要因素之一。因此,研究跳远运动员踏板准确性的影响因素,分析其形成原因,制定相应对策,在训练中有的放矢,以提高跳远运动员在快速助跑中起跳踏板的准确性,是目前跳远运动训练亟待解决的问题之一。 相似文献
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运用心理学的基本观点就跳远运动员助跑准确性问题进行了分析与讨论，提出在增强自信心、培养意志品质和适应环境一般心理训练的同时，要根据不同级别的运动员选用心理自我调整训练、表象训练、转移注意力训练等具体方法。使运动员学会控制和调节其心理状态，从而发挥良好的技术，提高助跑踏跳准确性。 相似文献
9.
助跑起跳是跳远技术中的重要组成部分,对其掌握的好坏直接影响着跳远运动技术的发挥和运动成绩的提高。为此,本文通过对跳远技术中影响助跑准确性的各种相关因素进行分析．提出有效的克服方法及训练手段。 相似文献
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跳远运动员比赛中的心理状态分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
跳远比赛中运动员的心理活动是复杂多变且有其独特性，对运动员的助跑踏跳准确性和成绩起着关键的作用。本文通过对各省市的60名优秀跳远运动员进行心理问卷调查以及个别交谈，分析和了解跳远比赛中影响运动员成绩的有关心理因素，为今后如何提高跳远运动员的心理素质，克服心理障碍，加强心理训练，取得好成绩提供参考依据。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
12.
Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
13.
Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
14.
许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
15.
采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
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本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
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对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献