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四个范式:欧洲档案学的观念和战略的变化——1840年以来西方档案观念与战略的变化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本报告首先梳理了西方档案理论与档案史,探讨了那些激发档案专业思想、战略及方法的概念,其次又着重阐述了档案鉴定这个由档案工作者从人类文献记录中挑选出很小比例作为档案长久保存的过程。19世纪至今的档案工作者对其工作、职能、活动及社会作用的认识经历了(或者说显示了)四个大的思想框架(或范式),探讨和了解这个背景可以让我们更好地认识和应对我们现在所处的这个数字时代的挑战。 相似文献
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Cloud services are increasingly seen as a flexible strategy for platform, infrastructure and software. Given the cloud’s claimed economic benefits archives and records professionals are now using cloud services for the storage of digital records and data. However, in determining whether or not to use the cloud for records and/or data storage, what models are available to them for estimating the cost and the medium-to-long-term financial implications for their organisations? This article identifies models available for estimating cloud storage costs and presents the results of an international survey into their use in the decision-making process with a series of real use case examples illustrating their value. The study highlights a series of important implications for archivists and records managers. These include the importance and challenges of using the models, their lack of widespread use, their adequacy, and the multiple players who should be involved in their application and development. Archivists and records managers need greater awareness and understanding of the models so they can play a central role in the cloud storage decision-making process and in the development of more effective costing models. 相似文献
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Helen R. Tibbo 《Archival Science》2006,6(2):231-245
Archivists in North America have described, discussed, and debated the necessary and optimal content, configuration, and venue
for archival education for close to a century but have given little consideration to integrating technology within archival
curricula. Increasingly, archivists are faced with a high tech world in which they must understand issues including information
systems, the nature of electronic records and databases, record migration, digitization, and web design and creation for provision
of access. This paper explores the nature and extent of information technology and information science coursework and knowledge
discussed in the Society of American Archivists’ Guidelines for a Graduate Program in Archival Studies and that students have
available to them while in archival programs. It concludes with a proposal for Library and Information Science education programs
that prepare archivists to explore developing Certificate of Advanced Studies programs in archival management on top of master’s
degrees to allow for additional information science coursework. 相似文献
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章列举知识爆炸、社会转型时期档案工作所面临的尴尬，从档案视角探讨知识社会档案工作角色转换。当原有工作流程发生结构性的变革的时候，尽管其旧有的职责仍将继续，并未变成一个全新的角色，档案工作已无法单独承担本专业的所有职责和义务。面对专业范围的扩展，一个积极的档案工作必须找到应对的方法．一如既往地保管古老的化遗产。作认为，当前，档案工作应以更开放和积极的姿态介入社会的其他方面，从三方面树立新的角色定位：积极参与新信息系统的设计；对档案件的形成进行培训和指导；特别强调以某种方式记录档案中没有反映的信息。 相似文献
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情感因素与人的社会性需要密切相关,对于人的习得认知、需求欲望、满足方式、行为趋向等均可产生影响作用。档案从业者担负着档案管理与利用服务的社会职责,情感因素对其的影响作用同样存在。探寻情感因素对档案从业者的影响作用,剖析其形成机理、属性规律及演进脉络,进而制订科学调适策略、原则等具有理论意义与实践价值。 相似文献
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1 关于"Document"1.1定义Document,n.～ 1.Any written or printed work;a writing.2.Information or data fixed in some media.3.Information or data fixed in some media,but which is not part of the official record;a nonrecord.4.A written or printed work of a legal or official nature that may be used as evidence or proof;a record(1 ).1.2 译文Document(名词)1.任何书面作品或印刷品;a writing.2.固定在某些载体上的信息或数据.3.固定在某些载体上的信息或数据,但不属于该件公文正本的一部分;非正式文件或非归档文件. 相似文献
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Zhiying Lian 《档案与原稿》2016,44(2):86-102
This paper discusses the factors influencing the integration of digital archival resources in China. The integration of digital archival resources as discussed in this article refers to the way in which information contained within dispersed digital archives within a country, or a specific area such as a province, city or county, can be successfully integrated, classified and restructured around specific topics and actual needs in order to realise optimal social sharing and utilisation of digital archival resources. There is little Chinese published research regarding what factors influence the integration of digital archival resources. This article, therefore, uses Charmaz’s Constructivist Grounded Theory approach and draws forth the theory that archivists’ cognition on the integration of digital archival resources and the context (which consists of the organisational culture of archives, archives management systems, and the laws and regulations on archives disclosure), influence the integration of digital archival resources, and these factors interact with each other. This theory can also be illustrated by the model: cognition–context–action. This research can provide some recommendations for the promotion and sustainable development of the integration of digital archival resources in China as well as other countries. 相似文献
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Based on a discussion about appraisal which has been going on for over a 100 years, the so-called vertical and horizontal appraisal have been developed and tested since the middle of the 1990s. During this process the tasks, functions and competences of the agencies, which are to be appraised were analysed. The appraisal of the content itself is undertaken only when multiple archival processing has been eliminated by this method and the most significant records identified. Actual tasks and functions of single administrative branches of different institutions (federal government, states, counties, and municipalities) are appraised, apart from already closed records. In this way, agencies creating archives and records today receive written decisions on the appraisal of records, which will be offered to the archives in future. Archivists of different institutions are involved in this appraisal procedure. The experience gained here has continually developed the techniques of vertical and horizontal appraisal. This appraisal procedure is being further developed in a constant balance between theory and practice. 相似文献
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Elizabeth Shepherd 《Archival Science》2009,9(3-4):173-185
Archives have the potential to change people’s lives. They are created to enable the conduct of business and accountability, but they also support a democratic society’s expectations for transparency and the protection of rights, they underpin citizen’s rights and are the raw material of our history and memory. This paper examines these issues in the context of the historical development of archives and archivists in twentieth century England. The research lays the foundations for understanding how and why the modern archives and records management profession developed in England. This paper will investigate the historical conflict (or is it a continuum?) between archives as culture and as evidence. The story identifies and highlights the contributions made by many fascinating individuals who established archives services and professional practice in England in the twentieth century. They shaped the archive in a very real way, and their individual enthusiasms, interests and understandings set the course of the English archival profession. To a great extent, it was these individuals, rather than government or legislation, that set the boundaries of English archives, they decided what was included (acquired) and what was not (of archival value.) The conclusion will consider the more fundamental questions: what are archives and what are they for, or perhaps, ‘what good are the archives’? 相似文献
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后现代档案学理论泛指自20世纪80年代以来,档案学界在后现代主义思潮影响下探索新的研究领域、主题,产生的新的档案观念、思想。其主要内容是：反思档案与文件的定义;反思档案价值和鉴定理论;反思档案的主观性和客观性;反思档案工作者的角色与职能。 相似文献
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Hea Lim Rhee 《Archival Science》2016,16(2):167-194
The quantity of government records has grown dramatically since the rapid development of information technology starting in the mid-twentieth century. This ever-expanding body of records has challenged the limited resources of government archives. Though U.S. government archivists constantly try to identify valuable government records among the geometrically increasing total, in order to justify spending public money on their preservation, little is known about how U.S. state archives and records management programs go about the process. The study discussed in this paper is the first to empirically investigate nationwide archival appraisal practice in U.S. state archives and records management programs. The study answered two research questions: How do U.S. state archivists and records managers conceptually define archival appraisal? How do U.S. state archivists and records managers practice archival appraisal of state government records? The study used an online survey and interviews for data collection and SPSS software and NVivo8 software for data analysis. This paper discusses the research topic and concludes with recommendations for practitioners and further studies. 相似文献
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21世纪开始之际，档案行业面临着严峻的挑战。本判断和分析了档案工作所面临的十项最为迫在眉睫的挑战，其中包括：电子献的管理；将更多的资源投入到非字资料方面；对于件的全球性的认识：为档案录和利用提出新的方法；档案利用和馆藏发展重点的扩大；对档案馆的信息管理进行更多的研究；美国档案工作协会的发展；档案事业各方资源的丰富；以及使档案行业不负众望地承担社会利益的保障的角色。 相似文献
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党的十八大,尤其是十八届三中全会做出的深化改革的决定以及十八届四中全会做出的依法治国重大决定,推动中国改革进入新的发展阶段。受此影响,整个国家与社会的治理体系与运行机制正在发生深刻改变。在此大的背景下,档案公共服务转型成为当前及未来一段时间内档案工作改革的重要内容。实现档案公共服务转型,要求我们树立新的档案公共服务理念、改革档案工作运行机制与服务方式。 相似文献
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本文从档案管理活动演变历程出发,探析档案职业空间拓展的路径。文章指出,档案职业人员数量减少、档案职业客体资源“稀缺”和档案职业中女性占比大并不一定意味着档案职业的“边缘化”。文章分析了档案职业中女性所占比例较大的原因和意义,同时提出欲扩展档案职业的发展空间,“人”的因素至关重要。文章认为,档案馆领导的个人能力、专业背景和档案馆馆员的人员结构等是拓宽档案职业发展空间的关键,从档案馆领导和档案馆馆员方面改善档案职业主体的构成和内在素质,是十分必要的。 相似文献
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Heather MacNeil 《Archival Science》2011,11(3-4):175-192
In the field of archives, professional identity is constructed around the twin notions of archivists as trusted custodians and archival institutions as trusted repositories. This essay examines the historical links between professional identity and trust and the ways in which those links are being attenuated and reconfigured in the digital world. It argues that new information and communication technologies and shifting currents of thinking inside and outside the field of archives are challenging and transforming the archival understanding of the relationship between trust and professional identity. 相似文献