共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 600 毫秒
1.
[目的/意义]引用语境是科学论文中包含引用的句子,是对引文的描述性或评价性文字。通过提取和分析引用语境中的线索词,可以了解引用语境的一般特征。[方法/过程]以Journal of Informetrics（JOI）期刊为例,选取人称代词、行为动词和连接词三类常用的线索词,分别计算它们在引用语境中的频次、占比和排序。通过比较各类线索词在引用语境和非引用语境中的存在度,识别引用语境中的常用句型和论证模式。[结果/结论]在JOI期刊中,引用语境主要表现出如下特点：侧重于第一人称和第三人称论述,既展现他人的工作,也展现作者的研究;偏重于研究方法类引用,常用的行为动词为"use"base"和"study";强调通过转折和列举等逻辑方式进行论证,最常用的连接词位"also"和"but"。分析引用语境中的线索词,对于更好地理解科学论文中的引用的功能和动机具有重要的价值和意义。 相似文献
2.
《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2012,40(6):611-627
ABSTRACTThis study explored how men who have sex with men (MSM) communicated their use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) on smartphone applications. Informed by the theory of problematic integration and uncertainty management, we asked if revealing ‘HIV negative, on PrEP’ status on smartphone applications might increase one's uncertainty in communicating about safe sex with others. We conducted interviews with 31 Taiwanese MSM currently taking PrEP who participated in a national demonstration project. We identified three types of PrEP-related uncertainty: condition, information, and stigma uncertainty. Applied implications of our findings indicate the importance of the feasibility of medical infrastructure in implementing PrEP, the complication in translating scientific and medical jargon into everyday language, and dynamics of negotiating stigmas associated with HIV and AIDS in the context of HIV prevention. 相似文献
3.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):491-514
ABSTRACTThis study uses narrative interviews to describe how 25 young adult (YA) close supporters (i.e., romantic partners, siblings) experience an often invisible and uniquely burdensome biographical disruption following a young adult cancer survivor’s (YACS; i.e., 18–39) diagnosis. YA supporters reported varying levels of biographical interdependence with the YACS and family system uncertainty with other important supporters. These factors led YA romantic partners and siblings to engage in different types of communication work to negotiate and maintain primary and secondary support roles with parents and in-laws, to ensure that the YACS received helpful social support by gatekeeping (i.e., correcting, blocking) others’ support attempts, and to accommodate both their own and the YACS’s disrupted biographies. 相似文献
4.
[目的/意义]FAIR科学数据管理原则在医学领域的应用有助于增强医学数据的可发现、交互、共享与重用。评估FAIR实施情况有利于指导医学科学数据开放平台规范元数据描述,明确溯源及共享机制,完善数据管理规范。[方法/过程]通过借鉴Go FAIR Metric Group(GFMG)的通用框架、荷兰数据存档与网络服务DANS、欧盟Horizon 2020、澳大利亚研究数据共享组织ARDC和澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织CSIRO开发的5 Star Data Rating Tool的FAIR评估框架及其指标,制定面向我国医学科学数据开放平台的FAIR原则应用评估框架。基于该框架,选定我国11个样本平台开展网络调研,从可发现(Findable)、可访问(Accessible)、可互操作(Interoperable)和可重用(Reusable)4个维度分析调研结果。最后从标识符、元数据、许可协议、词表规范、溯源描述等方面提出我国医学科学数据开放平台应用FAIR原则的建议。[结果/结论]FAIR原则在我国医学科学数据开放平台的应用有待进一步拓展,尤其是在永久性标识符的使用和遵循标准开展溯源描述方面。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]FAIR科学数据管理原则在医学领域的应用有助于增强医学数据的可发现、交互、共享与重用。评估FAIR实施情况有利于指导医学科学数据开放平台规范元数据描述,明确溯源及共享机制,完善数据管理规范。[方法/过程]通过借鉴Go FAIR Metric Group(GFMG)的通用框架、荷兰数据存档与网络服务DANS、欧盟Horizon 2020、澳大利亚研究数据共享组织ARDC和澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织CSIRO开发的5 Star Data Rating Tool的FAIR评估框架及其指标,制定面向我国医学科学数据开放平台的FAIR原则应用评估框架。基于该框架,选定我国11个样本平台开展网络调研,从可发现(Findable)、可访问(Accessible)、可互操作(Interoperable)和可重用(Reusable)4个维度分析调研结果。最后从标识符、元数据、许可协议、词表规范、溯源描述等方面提出我国医学科学数据开放平台应用FAIR原则的建议。[结果/结论]FAIR原则在我国医学科学数据开放平台的应用有待进一步拓展,尤其是在永久性标识符的使用和遵循标准开展溯源描述方面。 相似文献
6.
《Journal of Informetrics》2014,8(3):546-561
A new link-based document ranking framework is devised with at its heart, a contents and time sensitive random literature explorer designed to more accurately model the behaviour of readers of scientific documents. In particular, our ranking framework dynamically adjusts its random walk parameters according to both contents and age of encountered documents, thus incorporating the diversity of topics and how they evolve over time into the score of a scientific publication. Our random walk framework results in a ranking of scientific documents which is shown to be more effective in facilitating literature exploration than PageRank measured against a proxy gold standard based on papers’ potential usefulness in facilitating later research. One of its many strengths lies in its practical value in reliably retrieving and placing promisingly useful papers at the top of its ranking. 相似文献
7.
［目的/意义］ 科学合作的多样性是科学计量学领域"团队科学"研究主题中的一个新兴研究点,与以往线性视角下的合作特征不同,它是一种多维度、系统性视角下的结构性特征。对科学合作多样性的研究与梳理有助于理解科学合作的内在结构、本质和价值。［方法/过程］ 对科学计量学领域的合作多样性相关研究进行评述:首先系统梳理和界定了科学合作多样性的类型和概念维度,基于作者属性将其定义为四大类共10种不同的合作多样性;其次从概念内涵、测度方法、效用分析3个维度,分别对各类型合作多样性进行研究评述;最后总结了现有研究不足并对未来研究做出展望。［结果/结论］ 研究发现,现有文献更加偏重基于文献计量特征属性的合作多样性研究,而对个体属性与专业属性的合作多样性的研究较少,并且大多体现多样性概念框架的部分内涵;测度方法也以传统方法为主,使用新型多样性测度方法(考虑了相似性维度)较少;效用研究则以引文影响力的单一类型效用为主。未来研究需关注非文献计量属性的合作多样性类型,以及体现多样性概念完整内涵,探索包含相似性维度的多样性测度方法,在效用研究中需扩展质量层面的多类型效用研究,尤其需加强背后的成因分析。 相似文献
8.
[目的/意义]研究网络环境中学术用户的探索式搜索行为特征,设计专业的信息服务策略,帮助馆员精准定位用户需求,提高服务的准确率。[研究设计/方法]以探索式信息搜索的3个不确定性为核心,整合探索式搜索行为的知识构建、问题情境与认知阶段,分析用户的领域知识和搜索技能对探索式搜索行为的影响。[结论/发现]根据先验知识集合将学术用户分为4种类型,结合用户搜索过程中的不确定种类与认知阶段,分别提供基础型、辅助型、辅导型和专业型服务。[创新/价值]围绕探索式搜索行为的不确定性,提出探索式搜索行为的认知过程框架及分类型分阶段信息服务策略。 相似文献
9.
Nicolás Robinson-Garcia Cassidy R. Sugimoto Dakota Murray Alfredo Yegros-Yegros Vincent Larivière Rodrigo Costas 《Journal of Informetrics》2019,13(1):50-63
This paper presents a methodological framework for developing scientific mobility indicators based on bibliometric data. We identify nearly 16 million individual authors from publications covered in the Web of Science for the 2008–2015 period. Based on the information provided across individuals’ publication records, we propose a general classification for analyzing scientific mobility using institutional affiliation changes. We distinguish between migrants--authors who have ruptures with their country of origin--and travelers--authors who gain additional affiliations while maintaining affiliation with their country of origin. We find that 3.7% of researchers who have published at least one paper over the period are mobile. Travelers represent 72.7% of all mobile scholars, but migrants have higher scientific impact. We apply this classification at the country level, expanding the classification to incorporate the directionality of scientists’ mobility (i.e., incoming and outgoing). We provide a brief analysis to highlight the utility of the proposed taxonomy to study scholarly mobility and discuss the implications for science policy. 相似文献
10.
Stephanie L. Dailey 《Communication Studies》2016,67(2):183-208
Communication scholars have studied how organizations socialize new employees in breadth, but we know less about how employees adapt to multiple roles rather than just one position. With the rise of rotational programs, which introduce newcomers to several different jobs within a brief time, socialization theory should be expanded. This study focused on people’s experiences in rotational programs to provide a more accurate picture of this complex socialization process. Longitudinal, qualitative data from employees during their first and second job rotation revealed that such employees’ socialization differs from traditional employees’ experiences. The results suggested a Model of Rotational Socialization that more accurately portrays the socialization process by accounting for the contrast between role and organizational socialization. 相似文献
11.
Elisia L. Cohen 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(4):397-417
This study examines how a sample of African American women understands the uncertainties fundamental to cancer risk communication. Utilizing data from four focus groups, Problematic Integration (PI) theory is applied as an interpretive lens for illustrating their felt difficulties of talking openly about cancer and breast cancer in everyday life. The women describe worry about cancer and its prevalence among African American women; ambivalence and uncertainty; belief that what is not uncertain is certain and awful; fear and avoidance; contradictions in “claiming” and “rebuking” cancer; and hopefulness. 相似文献
12.
Noëlle L.W. Streeton 《文物保护研究》2017,62(7):419-431
The current discipline of conservation lacks a satisfactory theoretical and methodological framework to guide historical writing beyond scientific methods. To address this gap, this paper evaluates disciplinary shortcomings and proposes a solution for a project based in Oslo that takes advantage of disciplinary strengths. The solution involves the adaptation of a robust critical approach that is closely aligned with post-processualism in archaeology, which notably engages with theoretical perspectives on material culture. The framework offers guidance for arguments developed around physical transformations of late-medieval liturgical objects and the circumstances (physical, environmental, and socio-political) that continually define and re-define their meanings. The themes chosen for the project set this research at the cross-roads between conservation and material culture studies, with investigations directed towards tangible and intangible transformations, or phases in the ‘lives’ of objects that pre-date the Reformation but are now held in museums. 相似文献
13.
Women who test positive for a BRCA genetic mutation, but who have not been diagnosed, or 'previvors,' experience intense, chronological risk-related uncertainty. Women’s risk management medical decisions can be a way to manage their uncertainty, but little is known about how uncertainty informs their decision or how uncertainty is impacted by these medical decisions. Using an uncertainty management theoretical lens, we interviewed 46 previvors about their decision-making process. A thematic analysis revealed two uncertainty management (i.e., risk-reducing) decision-making pathways (preventive surgery and increased surveillance) with each pathway encompassing a three-part process of 1) uncertainty appraisal, 2) medical decision (i.e., uncertainty management strategy), and 3) outcomes. The findings advance theoretical thinking about uncertainty and risk management as an ongoing, distressful chronic experience, and highlight the importance of life-span phenomena in women’s decision-making process. Based on the findings, we constructed a translational tool to aid genetic counselors and previvors facing these medical decisions. 相似文献
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15.
Ranxi Jiang 《亚洲交流杂志》2013,23(3):319-336
In this study, we propose a theoretical framework through which we examine the direct and the indirect effects of advertising on college students’ materialistic attitudes in China. The framework is built on the influence-of-presumed-influence model, which allows us to examine how advertising and peer influence interact with each other and exert joint effects. We conducted a survey of 210 undergraduate students aged from 17 to 24 in Beijing, China. Results of the survey suggest that, in addition to its direct effect, advertising produces an indirect effect on college students’ materialism via their presumed advertising influence on peers. The findings of this study have practical implications for both educators and marketers. 相似文献
16.
《Journalism Practice》2013,7(2):233-243
Online news readers’ comments have been the subject of intense debates in newsrooms across the United States. Caught unexpectedly as hosts of this new public space, journalists are trapped in a conundrum between upholding traditional ideals of providing a space for dialogue for their public but yet at the same time not wanting to create a space for hate in online news readers’ comments sections. This research examines perspectives of 30 journalists in the United States through in-depth interviews regarding this new online public space. The survey results illuminate the experiences journalists are undergoing in their new roles, how they balance their responsibilities and the vision they hold of the future for this new space as they learn to navigate unguided through this new electronic landscape. 相似文献
17.
In this paper, we examine how patterns of scientific collaboration contribute to knowledge creation and diffusion. Recent studies have shown that scientists can benefit from their position within collaborative networks by being able to receive more information of better quality in a timely fashion, and by presiding over communication between collaborators. Here we focus on the tendency of scientists to cluster into tightly knit communities, and discuss the implications of this tendency for scientific production. We begin by reviewing a new method for finding communities, and we then assess its benefits in terms of computation time and accuracy. While communities often serve as a taxonomic scheme to map knowledge domains, they also affect the way scientists engage in the creation of new knowledge. By drawing on the longstanding debate on the relative benefits of social cohesion and brokerage, we discuss the conditions that facilitate collaborations among scientists within or across communities. We show that highly cited scientific production occurs within communities, when scientists have cohesive collaborations with others from the same knowledge domain, and across communities, when scientists intermediate among otherwise disconnected collaborators from different knowledge domains. We also discuss the implications of communities for information diffusion, and show how traditional epidemiological approaches need to be refined to take knowledge heterogeneity into account and preserve the system’s ability to promote creative processes of novel recombinations of ideas. 相似文献
18.
Leanne K. Knobloch Erin D. Basinger Jennifer A. Theiss 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2018,46(1):52-73
The transition from deployment to reintegration can be stressful for returning military personnel and at-home partners, and support plays a key role in their ability to transition effectively. We draw on relational turbulence theory to advance predictions about how parameters of the relationship between returning service members and at-home partners predict their perceptions of their partner’s support during the post-deployment transition. We surveyed 235 individuals (117 returning service members, 118 at-home partners) who had experienced the transition within the past 6 months. Findings consistent with the theory indicated that relational turbulence partially mediated the negative associations that relational uncertainty and interference from a partner shared with partner support. Partner uncertainty was a direct negative predictor of partner support as well. We consider how these results extend theory, research, and practice. 相似文献
19.
Television anchors are key public figures in the American news media, vital for the ratings success of their outlets. This study uses content analysis and framing theory to examine US network news anchors’ role at a pivotal career moment—the last minutes in the all-powerful anchor chair—their swan songs. These final words are examined for messages as anchors express gratitude, sum up careers, provide journalism insights, and pronounce final words of wisdom. The textual analysis revealed several dominant frames—becoming one with the audience, expressions of gratitude to staff and viewers, the anchors’ perception of their historical role noting predecessors and successors, and insightful wisdom about journalism’s role in society. The visual analysis showed a style reinforcing a professional presence, signaling authority, and objectivity. Each American lodestar anchor was different, yet they were similar in how they said goodbye and how they wanted to be remembered. 相似文献
20.
《Journal of Informetrics》2023,17(2):101395
For the accurate scientific evaluation and advancement of science, it is crucial to understand the development state of a given disciplinary domain. Existing comprehension methodologies concentrate on quantitatively analyzing broad subject trends without considering the underlying complex status attributes of the words that support and enrich these surface-level trends. Through the perspective of the word role, this study deepens the examination of domain development in a more granular way. We use Word2vec to identify the representative semantic neighbors of a domain-specific feature word from literature. Then, a word status observation model is provided that classifies the role of these representative words as tree structures, including young leaves, dead leaves, roots, and trunk-branches, based on changes in their similarity ranking divergence and information entropy. The static word role provides a new insight into detecting the internal detailed organizational composition and maturing status, while the dynamic role shift helps track historical development changes in the domain. Taking attention in psychology as a case by extracting psychology articles from Microsoft Academic Graph, the empirical study illustrates the results of the observation model and yields intriguing findings. First, the static word role positioning shows that a word's status can be obviously different. Different status indicates areas currently keeping the states of thriving, obsolete, becoming firm supportive pillars (precipitating), and irregularly developing within the domain, respectively. Second, during different development periods, most of the words are maintaining the role of irregularly changing or tending towards precipitation. A certain proportion of words are tending towards prosperity, while only a small set of words are deviating from the prosperity state. The growth of attention-related studies as a whole is well-grown and gradually approaching maturity. Our study further supports researchers’ understanding of the domain development status from a more granular perspective of word roles. 相似文献