共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 812 毫秒
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目的:研究踺子转体180°前手翻接直体前空翻类跳马动作,揭示这类跳马的运动学规律和技术特点.方法:对程菲和洪淑贞完成的"踺子转体180°前手翻接直体前空翻转体180"(简称"R180"),以及程菲完成的"踺子转体180°前手翻接直体前空翻转体540°"("程菲跳")进行三维运动学分析,对三组跳马动作身体重心的水平速度和垂直速度、主要关节的位移、关节角度、身体翻转角速度等运动学参数进行对比分析.结果:三组动作踏板时重心水平速度基本相同,踏板及推手阶段关键位置的关节角度相近,但"程菲跳"推离马重心垂直速度和第二腾空时间明显高于"R180",第二腾空转体角速度略大于"R180"的3倍,而翻腾角速度略小.结论:踺子转体180°前手翻接直体前空翻类跳马动作触马前的技术动作基本相同,难度较高的技术动作需要更高的推离马垂直速度和更快的第二腾空转体角速度. 相似文献
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李小鹏、陆斌跳马前手翻直体前空翻转体900°的运动学分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
新的跳马器械改变后 ,男子跳马前手翻直体前空翻转体 90 0°是该类动作中难度最大的动作之一 ,其难度分值为 10分。目前 ,在我国乃至世界上掌握此动作的运动员人数甚少 ,该动作有很大的发展潜力。通过三维录像及解析处理 ,对我国优秀运动员李小鹏、陆斌两人完成此动作 ,进行了技术分析与诊断。研究的目的在于揭示跳马前手翻直体前空翻转体 90 0°动作的内在规律和运动学特征 ,为运动训练及技术创新提供定量数据和理论依据 相似文献
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高低杠向后大回环团身后空翻两周转体360°下在国际体操规则中属D组难度的下法动作.本文主要通过三维录像解析法对商春松向后大回环团身后空翻两周转体360°下动作进行运动学分析,揭示该动作的运动学特征及技术特点,为运动员和教练员提供理论依据和技术参数.结果表明,商春松较好的完成了向后大回环团身后空翻两周转体360°下动作,但落地时刻身体重心稍微靠后,所以商春松向后退了一小步. 相似文献
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运用文献资料法、观察法及录像解析法研究了我国世界跳马冠军陆斌完成的男子跳马高难度前沿动作前手翻直体前空翻转体900°的运动学规律,分析了他完成踏跳、推手和第二腾空等几个最关键的技术环节的特点.提出的技术参数可以为我国运动员发展和改进该动作技术提供参考依据. 相似文献
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通过运动生物力学分析揭示了我国优秀运动员王湉湉完成的高低杠向后大回环团身后空翻2周转体360°下的运动学规律和技术特点,为我国运动员进一步发展和改进此类动作提供了理论依据及技术参考。 相似文献
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采用文献资料法、录像观察法、数理统计等方法,以参加里约奥运会周期女子跳马决赛的运动员所完成的两跳动作为研究对象,系统分析总结里约奥运周期女子跳马技术发展的新动向.结果表明:1)当今世界优秀女子跳马选手所选用的两跳动作以“踺子后手翻类”、“前手翻类”和“踺子转体180°类”为主,且多以“直体”来完成不同类型的动作,动作集中化发展,“前手翻类”动作难度的选择和“踺子后手翻类”动作的完成质量有一定的提升空间;2)当今世界优秀跳马选手两跳动作组合主要倾向于“踺子后手翻类”结合“踺子后手翻转体180°类”;3)高难度依旧是跳马技术发展的主旋律,优质的完成动作将倍受关注,2者恰当结合是女子跳马选手取得优异成绩的关键. 相似文献
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前手翻团身转体180°接后空翻,前手翻团身前空翻转体180°或360°,前手翻屈直体转体180°接直体后空翻,是我国男子优秀体操运动员近年来在前手翻团身前空翻基础上发展起来的高难度跳马动作。采用前手翻来加难第二腾空的动作,有极 相似文献
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采用调查访问法、录像统计法和资料研究法对第33届、34届世界体操锦标赛和第27届奥运会男子跳马比赛前8名运动员的比赛成绩、动作难度及完成情况进行了统计并与中国队进行了对比与研究。结果表明：男子跳马高难动作的类型趋于多样性,前手翻团身前空翻两周半和冢原团身后空翻2周是当今跳马所采用的两个主要动作;要夺取跳马比赛的金牌,两跳的起评分均需达到10分起评。随着运动水平的提高,越来越多的运动员掌握了双10分起评的不同类型动作,但运动员落地的稳定性仍不高。 相似文献
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Evan Coventry William A. Sands Sarah L. Smith 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(1):63-75
Gymnastics vaulting relies on a specialized take‐off board for propulsion during the take‐off phase of the vault. There is little information on the vault board and its behaviour. The aim of this study was to characterize the behaviour of the vault board during handspring drill take‐offs of young male gymnasts (n = 36). The side of the top surface of the vault board and the wooden base were marked with three reflective markers, placed at the end of the vault board nearest the vault table and the centres of the two rearmost coil springs. The vault board surface was divided into two areas, rear and middle, based on marker location. The gymnasts’ groups were determined from the location of the gymnast's lateral malleolus at vault board contact. Landings with the malleolus directly above or behind the rearmost marker were considered rear landings; landings with the malleolus forward of the rearmost marker were considered middle landings. Marker movements were automatically digitized and the right malleolus was hand digitized at 120 Hz. The maximum vertical displacement, vertical deflection time, and vertical velocity at take‐off of the vault board markers did not differ statistically between board contact groups (all p > 0.05). The lateral malleolus velocity components also did not differ between board contact groups. Some low to moderately strong correlations were observed between the various marker displacements, durations and take‐off velocities. Modest correlations were obtained between board markers and right malleolus velocities. The results indicate that foot contact on the vault board, as defined here, did not result in differences in board marker behaviour or right lateral malleolus velocities. This information does not support the idea that vault board contacts at the rear of the vault board are worse than contacts near the middle of the vault board. More research is needed to ascertain the role of the vault board's vibration characteristics to whole body actions that are observed in the subsequent preflight phase. 相似文献
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Laurie Needham Timothy A. Exell Ian N. Bezodis Gareth Irwin 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(15):1742-1748
A successful approach phase is key to achieving high performances in the pole vault. The aim of this study was to explore the nature of locomotor control patterns during the pole vault approach phase. Fourteen well-trained athletes performed ten jumps which were recorded using 2D video sampling at 200 Hz and analysed. Key kinematics were reconstructed from camera data using a modified 2D-DLT. Patterns of regulation were determined from the standard deviation of footfall locations during the approach phase. These patterns were found to be highly individual but structural differences between those who did and those who did not regulate were identified. Regulation of locomotion was associated with an ability to produce functionally adaptable movement patterns and the consistent achievement of desired performance outcomes. Coaches should include training exercises that require intentional use of regulation to aid athletes in achieving the flexibility to adapt to changing constraints during the approach phase. Athletes should be considered on an individual basis in order to effectively, efficiently and safely improve performance. 相似文献
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王健 《天津体育学院学报》1997,12(2):92-95
采用高速摄影和影片解析的方法，从运动学角度对赵卫华完成该动作各阶段技术进行分析。结果表明，主要矛盾是起跳阶段身体重心垂直速度偏低，空中阶段翻转角速度过慢则为次要矛盾。建议今后训练重点应围绕挖掘运动员潜力，提高腾空高度即最大限度地增大蹬离瞬时的垂直速度进行按排。 相似文献
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目的:探讨运动中淋巴细胞PKC活性对大鼠Th1/Th2平衡的影响。方法:随机将48只大鼠分成不同运动负荷组及对照组,完成相应负荷运动后采集外周血和脾脏,采用ELISA法测试血清IFN-γI、L-4含量,分离并裂解脾脏淋巴细胞获得上清液,采用BCA法定蛋白浓度,通过ELISA分析P-PKC的含量。结果:一次中等负荷运动对Thl/Th2平衡影响不大,一次负重力竭运动后即刻会使IFN-γ和IL-4均下调,超负荷运动10天则使IFN-γ在8h的恢复期内得不到恢复,使Thl/Th2平衡向Th2方向漂移。脾脏淋巴细胞PKC的活性在一次中等负荷运动过程中、后变化不明显,一次负重力竭运动使其活性下降,8h后即可恢复,但经过10天的超负荷运动后恢复8h的PKC活性仍处于较低水平。结论:中等负荷运动对Thl/Th2平衡和PKC活性影响不大1,0天超负荷运动可以使Thl/Th2平衡向Th2方向漂移,可能是脾淋巴细胞PKC活性下降所致。 相似文献
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跳马“踺子转体180°前手翻屈体前空翻”动作上板踏跳技术分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用三维影片解析法,分析了许钢跳马“踺子转体180°前手翻”类动作上极踏跳技术。结果表明：许钢在侧手翻推离地面时已开始了“纵转180°向外转体”,至着板、蹬离时已完成了较大幅度的转体动作;踏跳过程中,水平速度损失少,重心轨迹左右偏离度小。 相似文献
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高水平女子撑竿跳运动员的大周期力量训练分期 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对我国2名国家队高水平女子撑竿跳运动员一个参赛周期的力量训练分期进行研究。结果认为:(1)根据撑竿跳运动专项力量构成特点,一个参赛周期的力量训练可沿基础性全身力量训练、原动肌肉体积适度增加训练、原动肌肉最大力量提高训练、专项爆发力提高训练、最大力量与专项爆发力保持训练途径进行阶段性复合训练;(2)分期式力量训练不仅有助于专项力量的转化与提高,而且可以保证竞赛期专项力量在比赛中发挥积极的作用。通过个案研究发现,2名国家队高水平女子撑竿跳运动员经过系统性力量分期训练,在各项最大力量(负重半蹲、上斜卧推、肩上推举、硬拉、腿弯举、提踵)与专项力量指标(下肢无氧功率自行车测试、助跑5级跨跳远、跳远)上较上一训练周期有了较明显的提高,并促进了专项成绩的进一步提高。 相似文献
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中国优秀女子撑竿跳高运动员最后四步助跑至起跳技术的运动学分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
徐政 《西安体育学院学报》2005,22(1):98-101
运用高速摄影的研究手段对我国女子优秀撑竿跳高运动员助最后四步助跑至起跳技术实际情况进行运动学分析。研究结果表明我国优秀女子撑竿跳高运动员身体最低重心和最大水平速度总体趋势出现在倒二步和倒一步上,这与女子运动员的加速方式有关。水平速度损失率稍偏高,助跑速度较慢。最后四步助跑节奏,表现出较好的节奏特点,但步长和腾空时间偏短。起跳腾起角度偏大;多采用三步起跳方式完成翻举竿起跳。除高淑英等运动员掌握追竿技术较好外,其他运动员需进一步完善降竿技术。 相似文献
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通过论述评价撑杆跳高“自由起跳”技术的指标,从而使得撑杆跳高“自由起跳”技术的评价,有一个统一的指标评价体系,为客观评价优秀撑杆跳高运动员起跳技术提供统一的指标。为更多研究撑杆跳高技术的学者提供统一的评价和交流平台。撑杆跳高“自由起跳”技术,是运动员在起跳过程中,有一个短暂脱离撑杆约束的运动瞬间,技术动作要求运动员的踏跳点严格地控制在静态插穴时,上手握点的投影上。由此论述产生几项评价指标,如最后两步助跑至起跳完成这一过程的速度情况、起跳角度、上握手的投影点距起跳点距离、起跳及插穴时间、起跳时杆弦角以及起跳时杆弦的缩短量等。 相似文献
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Coventry E Sands WA Smith SL 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2006,5(1):63-75
Gymnastics vaulting relies on a specialized take-off board for propulsion during the take-off phase of the vault. There is little information on the vault board and its behaviour. The aim of this study was to characterize the behaviour of the vault board during handspring drill take-offs of young male gymnasts (n = 36). The side of the top surface of the vault board and the wooden base were marked with three reflective markers, placed at the end of the vault board nearest the vault table and the centres of the two rearmost coil springs. The vault board surface was divided into two areas, rear and middle, based on marker location. The gymnasts' groups were determined from the location of the gymnast's lateral malleolus at vault board contact. Landings with the malleolus directly above or behind the rearmost marker were considered rear landings; landings with the malleolus forward of the rearmost marker were considered middle landings. Marker movements were automatically digitized and the right malleolus was hand digitized at 120 Hz. The maximum vertical displacement, vertical deflection time, and vertical velocity at take-off of the vault board markers did not differ statistically between board contact groups (all p > 0.05). The lateral malleolus velocity components also did not differ between board contact groups. Some low to moderately strong correlations were observed between the various marker displacements, durations and take-off velocities. Modest correlations were obtained between board markers and right malleolus velocities. The results indicate that foot contact on the vault board, as defined here, did not result in differences in board marker behaviour or right lateral malleolus velocities. This information does not support the idea that vault board contacts at the rear of the vault board are worse than contacts near the middle of the vault board. More research is needed to ascertain the role of the vault board's vibration characteristics to whole body actions that are observed in the subsequent preflight phase. 相似文献