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新时期我国图书馆学研究流派分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
梳理改革开放新时期以来图书馆学研究的人文学派、技术学派、实证学派的形成与演变,并从历史继承、国外引入、现实学科定位等3方面分析3个学派产生与演变的原因,认为3种研究倾向在各自独立发展的过程中会互相借鉴、互相融合,体现了图书馆学内部整合,外部渗透,正逐渐成为人文社会科学知识基础的趋势,是未来一个时期图书馆学发展的重要方向。 相似文献
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图书知识是联结专业教育与通识教育的媒介,但在图书馆学课程体系中长期处于“非主流”的地位。利用芝加哥大学档案等史料,在学科教育史与学术史的宏观背景下,对1945—1959年芝加哥大学图书馆学研究生院建设图书系列课程及其配套教材的历史进行了挖掘,这一探索性的工作使长期处于“非主流”地位的图书与学科领域知识成为图书馆学核心课程体系的重要组成部分,是对实用主义教育模式的有益修正和补充。芝加哥大学等高校的图书类课程成为二战后美国图书馆学教育的新趋势,处于传统图书馆学教育向跨学科教育模式转型的过渡阶段。它所强调的通识教育与专业教育融合、学科领域“知识”与图书馆学“方法”融合等理念,推动图书情报学教育朝着专门化、跨学科的方向发展。 相似文献
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从知识交流到追问图书馆的本质——评《知识交流与交流的可续》 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《知识交流与交流的科学》一书着重从知识交流的角度揭示图书馆学的基本属性,通过对知识本质的分析、芝加哥学派的解读以及信息环境及政策对图书馆发展的影响等方面,从社会学意义探讨了图书馆的本质,为我国图书馆学研究方法向实证化转变以及作为一种科学的图书馆学体系如何继续在新世纪获得新的发展提供了坚实的理论基础。 相似文献
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图书馆学、情报学理论创新中的知识论研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
在波普“世界3”理论的基础上,文章从知识管理的角度来重新认识图书馆学、情报学,重新认识图书馆的本质与价值。图书馆学、情报学正在以知识为中心进行重组和创新。图书馆学、情报学这种从文献、信息层次向知识层次的深化、演进与发展,构成了图书馆学情报学研究的知识化趋向。 相似文献
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“知识交流论”在20世纪后期的中国图书馆学基础理论研究中具有特殊的地位,其主要贡献者之一黄纯元先生是中国图书馆学界的一颗流星,璀璨可惜短暂。文章回顾了黄纯元先生的学术生涯及“知识交流论”的核心理论主张,指出“知识交流论”是在本质主义研究范式下争取图书馆学学科合法性的重要理论成果,标志着图书馆学知识生产从封闭走向开放。 相似文献
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对教育家的研究有助于增进对图书馆学芝加哥学派形成的认知。1927—1929年,乔治·沃克斯任芝加哥大学图书馆学研究生院首任院长。在此期间,乔治·沃克斯借用社会科学改造图书馆学,倡导以学术研究提升图书馆学教育水平,在一定程度上促进了图书馆学与整个社会和社会科学的融合,为芝加哥学派的形成奠定了基础。 相似文献
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在波普尔“世界3”理论的基础上，从知识管理的角度重新认识图书馆学、情报学。重新认识图书馆的本质与价值。图书馆学、情报学正在以知识为中心进行重组和创新。图书馆学、情报学这种从文献、信息层次向知识层次的深化、演进与发展，构成了图书馆学情报学研究的知识化趋向。 相似文献
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为实现图书馆在数字时代的有效转型,提高图书馆主动知识服务的价值,提出依托图书馆平台建设知识生态系统的目标,利用互联网的高连接性优势,通过开发“知联网”、“人联网”、“务联网”等未来互联网应用支柱技术,完成面向服务目标的知识组织和资源整合,并利用云计算技术实现能面向广众的支持按需知识获取的“知识云服务”,使互联网的应用价值从原先的信息高速公路进一步提升为“知识高速公路”,成为建设智慧城市和国家的重要软基础设施。为此,还提出“群体知识工程方法学”,利用可支持广泛参与的公共生态平台,实现开放创新与众包共创,设计方案已实际应用于舟山海洋数字图书馆建设,有望将图书馆生态系统建成名符其实的经济发展和创新驱动引擎。 相似文献
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Peng Han Lim 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(4):250-256
The aim of this paper is to study the development and evolution of secondary school libraries into Media Resource Libraries (MRLs) in Singapore after the Second World War and the rationale to have mandatory school library standards. It is an historical survey analysing published data about the linkages of libraries and librarianship, school library standards, education and school reforms in Singapore. It analyses historical and current documents on the roles played by stakeholders like the Library Association of Singapore (LAS) and the Ministry of Education (MOE) in the introduction and development of school library standards. The need for school libraries standards was first discussed when the Malayan Library Group (MLG) organised the first course on librarianship for school teachers in 1955, but, with no follow through. The need for school libraries standards was also mentioned by the LAS in 1962 in a memorandum to the Commission of Enquiry into Education to train teacher librarians and adopt school library standards. However, this was left out in the final report of the Commission published in 1964. The need for school library standards was discussed in a school library seminar for 150 teacher librarians in 1970. The first Recommended Minimum Standards for Secondary School Libraries was published two years later by the Standing Committee on Libraries set up by the MOE, but it was not mandatory for schools to adopt the standards. In 1997 the MOE launched its “Thinking School Learning Nation” vision to teach thinking skills. Students were expected to do multidisciplinary project work and be independent users of information. The MOE began to convert school libraries into Media Resource Libraries (MRLs) with print and non-print materials. However, a survey conducted in 2001 on the roles and competencies of 112 Library Coordinators (LCs) or teacher librarians revealed that they lack the skills and knowledge to manage MRLs effectively. This is because subsequent school library standards published in 1983 and 2002 did not require trained and full-time teacher librarians to manage the MRLs. Furthermore, it is essential for the standards to be periodically updated with regards to professional staff, collection development, facilities, Information and Communications Technology (ICT) infrastructure and school library programs. Otherwise, MRLs risk being “hollow shells still considered on the periphery of core educational requirements, and are run by teachers not professionally prepared to do the work” (Hart, 2001, p. 25). The national standards published in the United States from 1918 to 2008 are well researched and provide substantive guidelines to develop school libraries. Therefore, it is essential for the MOE to formulate MRL standards by doing comparative studies of school library standards in other countries. These standards have to be mandatory and fully adopted by the schools. It provides opportunities for stakeholders like the LAS, National Library Board (NLB), the National Institute of Education (NIE), and the Singapore Teachers’ Union, to collaborate in the formulation of these standards and take collective ownership to implement them. 相似文献
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本文为解决领域科技文献与专题价值的割裂问题提出深度融合科技文献、科研活动等科研对象与领域专题数据资源的图谱构建方法。通过主题词关联设计,构建包含期刊论文、期刊、科研机构、科研人员及专题实体类型的科研本体,选取机器学习专题构建科研知识图谱,并基于图数据库Neo4J进行图谱管理与查询验证。该专题科研知识图谱可以支持单实体/属性、多实体事实性问题的复杂图谱查询,有效揭示专题、科技文献的关联关系,具有较强的应用价值,可以为面向文献数据的智能知识服务提供新的思路和方向。 相似文献
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文章在简要综述知识基因、知识单元、知识表示和知识图谱的基础上,探讨知识的质性构造和量化分析基础,指出知识具有表型(外型)、构型(内型)和量型(量值)三型特征。用逻辑分析法从现象到本质揭示知识表型特征,包括语言文字型、公式符号型和图表图谱型;知识构型可用学科类别和特征概念标识;知识量型可基于数据或信息计算知识量。进一步提出用知识花图式和知识花程式展示质性知识构造与量化知识分析。由知识三型特征引出知识变换三假设以及学术评价"对标法";揭示质性知识构造适合解析静态知识特征,量化知识分析可延伸处理动态知识演化。质性知识构造与量化知识分析同时适用于剖析知识客体和知识主体,并独具学术评价应用价值。倡导通过知识分析创新图书情报学,同时也通过图书情报学促进知识之花盛开。 相似文献
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Marlia Elisabeth Banning 《传播与批判/文化研究》2013,10(3):285-304
Policy debate about global warming has been framed in the public sphere in the manner of most political topics, as a matter of “skeptics” and “supporters,” making it very difficult for many US publics to know what to believe. This essay critically reads a preeminent public policy debate—that of global warming—with a twofold purpose. I first array the extensive commercial and political efforts to manipulate public information about global warming in order to illustrate that this debate is a “disingenuous” or “pseudo-controversy,” which can be seen in the asymmetrical resources, motives, and authority behind the scenes. Second, I ask what institutional and discursive conditions have enabled this moment, in which the ideals of academic freedom and protocols of scientific inquiry hold precarious authority in the public arena, and argue that contemporary critical perspectives on knowledge and truth have been co-opted in public discourse, making it more difficult to intervention in commercial and political efforts to obfuscate and mislead US publics. 相似文献
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《Journal of Informetrics》2020,14(1):101010
This paper analyses the influence of geographic distance on knowledge flows, measured through citations to scientific publications. Previous works using the same approach are limited to single disciplines. In this study, we analyse the Italian scientific production in all disciplines matured in the period 2010–2012. To calculate the geographic distances between citing and cited publications, each one is associated with a “prevalent” territory on the basis of the authors’ affiliations. The results of the application of a gravity model, estimated using ordinary least squares regression, show that despite the spread of IT, geographic distance continues to be an influential factor in the process of knowledge flows between territories. In particular, the analysis reveals that the effect of geographic distance on knowledge flows is significant at the national level, not negligible at the continental level, but completely irrelevant at the intercontinental level. 相似文献
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Pradeepa Wijetunge 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(4):212-223
Sri Lanka has a long history and culture of storytelling but the use of stories for transferring tacit knowledge is absent. This paper is the first to examine the application of orgnisational stories as a method of tacit-knowledge transfer management tool in the library domain.The study had two objectives; 1) To explore the potential of storytelling to transfer tacit knowledge from the Librarian to the junior executives. 2) To examine whether captured stories serve the pursuit of knowledge by the junior executives. Two research questions were formulated to achieve these objectives. The first research question (RQ1) How can the tacit knowledge of a retiring senior executive be captured through stories? was framed and addressed to achieve objective one and the second research question (RQ2) Can the captured “stories of work” benefit knowledge workers in their pursuit of tacit knowledge? was framed and addressed to achieve objective two. The study was based on primary data collected from the Librarian and executive staff of the Library by means of two Interview Schedules and the entire study was underpinned by an extensive review of research literature related to organizational storytelling. Qualitative as well as quantitative methods were used to analysis and interpretation data.The findings of the study proved in response to RQ1 that organizational stories can be captured using a six-step process and a story capturing model which could be used by the other researcher emerged from the research. Nevertheless, findings also established that the comprehensiveness of the tacit knowledge that could be captured through stories would depend on the degree of confidentiality of the contents of the stories. Therefore all stories could not be recorded as they are told. Responding to RQ2 the findings proved that, captured “stories of work” can be used for the benefit of knowledge workers in their pursuit of tacit knowledge.Based on these findings it was recommended that, the library should take initiatives to exploit the already prevailing habit of organizational storytelling in the library as a method of transferring tacit knowledge in a deliberated manner and for this several activities were recommended.The findings were based only on a single case, in a single organization carried out during a six-month period, within the boundaries of a specific organizational and social culture. Therefore additional case studies would be necessary to test the validity and reliability of the story capturing model.This research is the first of its kind carried out in the library domain of Sri Lanka. Therefore it provides significant insights on which future researchers can build their studies. 相似文献
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在数据智能的基础上,虚拟世界与现实世界的快速融合可能成为未来三十年最大的社会变革之一。这一自信息时代就已开始的历史进程,将重塑几乎所有赛道的业态。对信息资源管理领域而言,是机遇,更是终极挑战。而业态优化与重塑,核心在于"先立后破""破立并举",治理是其中最关键的环节之一。元宇宙发展的现有风险中,脱实向虚、游戏为先、治理未预三大问题较为集中,本质上则是对于急速爆发的前沿领域、传统的管理和应对方式力有未逮。本文认为"敏捷治理"是塑造未来数智世界和元宇宙治理的重要选项。针对此领域,应从评价监管问责规范化、政务治理智能化、政产学创新集约化三个方向出发,向具有预见性、实时性和动态性的敏捷治理模式转型,并在数据智能的基础上构建敏捷反应模式,从法律规约、科技规制、教育规正三个方面推动未来数智世界治理的相关实践。 相似文献
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自美国数字图书馆计划启动之时,国外就掀起了对该领域探索的热潮。因此,关注国外数字图书馆领域的研究现状,对研究数字图书馆领域具有重要的基础意义。研究以WOS核心合集为数据源,检索“数字图书馆”领域的文献,运用R语言、文献计量法、文献调查法和内容分析法对样本文献的发表年份,高影响作者、文献、期刊及机构进行多角度分析,以ggplot函数生成相关可视化图谱。研究发现,国外数字图书馆领域的研究文献增长已趋于稳定、研究程度已趋于成熟;在数字图书馆领域内的各学科知识交叉流动日益明显、跨学科性突出;当下国外对该领域的探索更加细微、切入点更加多元、应用方法更加科学、研究层次更加深入。 相似文献