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1.
This paper investigates the link between firm-level innovative performance and innovation prone external environments where knowledgeable individuals tend to cluster. Organizational ambidexterity and absorptive capacities (potential and realized) make it possible for firms to leverage the availability of external knowledge and boost their innovation performance. The empirical analysis focuses on England and is based on a novel combination of Community Innovation Survey (CIS) firm-level data and patent data. The results show that only firms complementing potential and realized absorptive capacities are able to take advantage of favorable external environments by actively combining internal and external sources of knowledge. 相似文献
2.
《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2014,25(1):68-82
We explore the relationship between cash incentives for the top management team (TMT) and managerial information seeking from sources external to the firm. We hypothesize that TMT cash incentives in tandem with base compensation, the firm's technological intensity and use of an aggregate performance criterion influence TMT information seeking from customers and vendors/suppliers (what we refer to as affiliate sources). Our hypotheses are tested by using data obtained from CEOs and the TMT in 193 entrepreneurial firms. As hypothesized, our results suggest that: a) cash incentives influence TMT information seeking primarily from affiliate information sources, b) the effect of cash incentives on TMT information seeking from affiliate sources is much stronger in technology intensive firms, and c) use of aggregate performance criterion has a negative impact on information seeking from affiliate sources. Our findings also indicate that in technology intensive firms, the positive relationship between cash incentives and TMT information seeking from affiliate sources is strongly moderated by the base pay levels of executives – the relationship is much stronger when executive base pay is low. 相似文献
3.
Firms are encouraged to continually initiate innovation activities as part of their new product development processes and to be open to the use of external knowledge sources. Yet, many are abandoned. Openness to external knowledge sources and the experience of abandoning innovation activities are, therefore, becoming a part of an organization’s reality and innovation strategy. In this paper, we aim to explore how the experience of having abandoned an innovation activity can affect innovation performance and the role two key dimensions of openness, external search breadth and formal innovation collaboration breadth, play. Using data from the UK Innovation Survey, we find that the experience of having abandoned an innovation activity leads to improved innovation performance and that this is negatively moderated by the two dimensions of openness. When external search breadth is high, i.e. when an organization engages with a higher number of different types of knowledge sources, the link between abandoning innovation activities and innovation performance weakens. Similarly, when formal innovation collaboration breadth is high, i.e. the breadth of a firm’s formal collaboration relationships is high, the link between abandoning innovation activities and innovation performance also weakens. We conclude by discussing the theoretical and practical implications of our findings. 相似文献
4.
Effective teamwork, knowledge coordination, and knowledge creation are recognized as essential sources of team effectiveness and creativity in modern organizations. Nowadays, social media is significantly modifying the patterns in the use of technology to support knowledge management practices in teams. At the same time, the literature shows that transactive memory system (TMS), which refers to how team members share their distributed knowledge and expertise, is an important factor affecting team performance. However, minimal effort has been made to elaborate on the precise role of social media in supporting TMS for enhancing absorptive capacity (ACAP) and knowledge creation capability (KCC) of the team, which in turn might influence team creative performance (TCP). Therefore, to address this gap in the literature, a theoretical model is developed and validated. Survey data collected from 334 members of 68 knowledge work teams indicated that social media use at work has a positive relationship with TMS and both social media use at work and TMS are positively related to ACAP and KCC of the team. Results further indicated that ACAP positively influenced KCC, and both have a direct relationship with TCP. This study shows that careful investment in social media by an organization can enhance meta-knowledge of “who knows what” within teams. Finally, exploring external knowledge alone is not enough. Instead, organizations must ensure external knowledge is utilized to create new knowledge to improve TCP. 相似文献
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6.
This paper investigates the composition of creative teams of academic scientists engaged in inventive activity. Our data provides a unique opportunity to explore the links between team composition and commercialization outcomes. We find that there are coordination costs associated with reaching across academic departments and organizational boundaries to build teams. However, we also find evidence of benefits due to knowledge diversity, particularly in the cases of truly novel combinations. In support of internal cohesion arguments, we find that performance improves with the experience of the team. In line with arguments regarding the value of diverse external networks, we find that teams that are composed of members from multiple institutions - focal university, other research institution, and/or industry - are more successful in generating patents, licenses, and royalties. Finally, we find that the presence of prior social ties supporting links with external team members positively influences commercial outcomes. We find that there is no benefit to proximity in team configuration. 相似文献
7.
《Information processing & management》2020,57(1):102139
The increased popularity of micro-blogging applications together with the widespread of location-aware devices have resulted in the creation of large streams of geo-tagged data. Such data provides a great opportunity for researchers to explore event detection and prediction. In particular, road traffic detection and prediction are of great importance to various applications, i.e. Intelligent Transportation Systems. Current works proposed traffic jam detection from a single data source with a single language. However, for countries where the residents are speaking two, or more, languages and are interacting with more than one online social platform, single-language and single-source systems are insufficient to capture the necessary online information. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce SNSJam, an effective system to detect and predict road traffic jams using cross-lingual (English and Arabic) data collected from multiple dynamic sources, such as Twitter and Instagram. SNSJam classifier not only detect traffic events, but also identifies the causes of traffic jams. To identify the location of a traffic event, a Location Recognizer is developed that extracts locations from text and GPS of the post. Additionally, the Location Recognizer supports user-defined locations, which are common names among people. Our experiments show that by combining Arabic and English data streams, the accuracies of traffic events detection and prediction are significantly improved as compared with that of the individual languages. Additionally, combining data streams from multiple sources (Twitter and Instagram) further improved the accuracies of event detection and prediction over any individual source. A visualization interface was developed to show the detected spatio-temporal traffic events on a dynamic map. The detection and prediction results are validated against ground truth data obtained from the concerned authorities in the UAE. 相似文献
8.
With the prevalence of social media and social networking, social commerce is becoming increasingly popular in both business and research areas. As in other types of e-commerce context, trust is also indispensable in social commerce. In this study, two types of trust have been discussed. This study represents an initial attempt to provide an integrated view of particularized trust in social commerce, including particularized trust antecedents, trust transfer and trust performance, so as to promote trust formation in social commerce. Using data collected from 614 social commerce users, we demonstrate that trust disposition, quality-assured shared information, familiarity and endorsement by other members are four antecedents of particularized trust. The results also indicate particularized trust can be transferred into system trust, and particularized trust only exerts positive effect on social WOM intention while system trust only exerts positive effect on social shopping intention. Furthermore, we prove perceived similarity can strengthen the relationship between trust disposition and particularized trust as well as the relationship between quality-assured shared information and particularized trust. 相似文献
9.
In many countries throughout the world the majority of enterprises are family ones. Particularities in the development and management of family enterprises create needs for special knowledge. Therefore, in providing knowledge to these enterprises consideration must be given to their complexity, which is derived from the involvement of a family in ownership and management. In this paper, we discuss the importance of knowledge created and transferred from external sources such as counselling, publications, and education and training programs. External sources of knowledge considering the unique characteristics of family enterprises are well developed in many countries with established market economies. In Slovenia and, we believe, in many other former socialist countries, such external sources of knowledge are rare and still developing. The results of our research in Slovenia show that more than two-thirds of family business owners-managers regard such sources of knowledge as unimportant. This paper analyzes the reasons for such a finding. 相似文献
10.
Antonio Padilla-Meléndez Ana Rosa del Águila-Obra 《International Journal of Information Management》2013
This paper contributes to the understanding of online strategies in the context of museums as examples of cultural organisations, an underrepresented sector in the information management literature. It presents a theoretical framework for understanding the online strategies of museums’ use of Web and social media, their sources of online value (efficiency, novelty, lock-in, complementarities) and some measurements of Internet performance, such as the Alexa Internet ranking and the number of followers of museums in social media. This type of analysis has not been conducted before and the findings will help museum curators and managers of other cultural institutions to appreciate the impact of these technologies and to make better informed decisions regarding online strategies and resource allocation. In addition, the results of this research are applicable to similar organisations, such as archives and cultural exhibitions, as well as to other service organisations related to information, education and entertainment activities. 相似文献
11.
作为企业战略导向的重要维度,市场导向强调对客户、竞争对手的信息的获取、整理以及分享。为了不断创造卓越价值,企业需要不断溶解并打破组织边界,建立与外部组织的正式或非正式的合作关系,来获得不同类型的创新资源。本研究以中国214家高科技制造型企业作为研究对象,运用结构方程建模研究方法,探讨了企业的市场导向、开放度与创新绩效的关系。我们发现:(1)市场导向对企业创新绩效有积极的影响,企业的市场导向越强,那么创新绩效越高。(2)环境动荡性对开放度与创新绩效关系起着正向调节作用。(3)市场导向通过影响企业开放度进而提高企业的创新绩效。 相似文献
12.
Making appropriate decisions is indeed a key factor to help companies facing challenges from supply chains nowadays. In this paper, we propose two data-driven approaches that allow making better decisions in supply chain management. In particular, we suggest a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network-based method for forecasting multivariate time series data and an LSTM Autoencoder network-based method combined with a one-class support vector machine algorithm for detecting anomalies in sales. Unlike other approaches, we recommend combining external and internal company data sources for the purpose of enhancing the performance of forecasting algorithms using multivariate LSTM with the optimal hyperparameters. In addition, we also propose a method to optimize hyperparameters for hybrid algorithms for detecting anomalies in time series data. The proposed approaches will be applied to both benchmarking datasets and real data in fashion retail. The obtained results show that the LSTM Autoencoder based method leads to better performance for anomaly detection compared to the LSTM based method suggested in a previous study. The proposed forecasting method for multivariate time series data also performs better than some other methods based on a dataset provided by NASA. 相似文献
13.
Richard C.M. YamAuthor Vitae William Lo Author VitaeEsther P.Y. Tang Author Vitae Antonio K.W. Lau Author Vitae 《Research Policy》2011,40(3):391-402
The concept of the regional innovation system (RIS) has been developed into an important framework for evaluating innovation performance. The study reported in this paper explores the relationship between the RIS and the firm's innovation system (FIS) according to the basic premise that firms that better utilize sources of information (SI) available within their regional innovation system (RIS) perform better due effect this has in enhancing the firm's technological innovation capabilities (TICs). The different innovation capabilities of a firm are regarded as the key components of the firm's innovation system. The sources of information available within an RIS include external sources (EXT) and external expert organizations, the latter of which are referred to as knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). This study also explores the dual role of KIBS as both sources of and bridges for innovation in the RIS. Data were obtained through a mailed survey using a self-administered questionnaire. The utilization concept and the dual role of KIBS were verified. The results show that externally available information affects all innovation capabilities of the firm, while external expert organizations affect only the firm's R&D and resources allocation capabilities. This study contributes to the RIS literature by providing empirical evidence on how firms can interact with the RIS by utilizing SI to enhance their TICs and achieve global competitiveness. 相似文献
14.
Inter-organizational Systems (IOS) are network-enabled information systems that extend boundaries of an organization. There is a growing interest among researchers and practitioners to understand how the use of IOS enhances firm performance. In this study, we examine how IOS use impacts an organization’s supply chain management (SCM) capabilities and supply chain performance. Drawing on the resource-based view theory, we examine two mechanisms that are essential for enhanced supply chain performance: (a) efficient IOS external utilization regarding its networked partners and (b) the maximization of IOS organizational management capabilities in supply chain management. Using data from 193 respondents from various manufacturers and distributors of fast-moving consumer goods, we confirm all the hypotheses posited in the research model. The results demonstrate the dual effect of IOS use in improving operational supply chain performance, SCM capabilities, and the mediating role of SCM capabilities. We discuss contributions of the study to research and practice. 相似文献
15.
The impact on innovation performance of different sources of knowledge: Evidence from the UK Community Innovation Survey 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Marion Frenz 《Research Policy》2009,38(7):1125-1135
This paper considers two main categories of knowledge sources and their impact on the innovation performance of enterprises: own-generation through R&D versus knowledge transfers via bought-in resources for innovation purposes, external collaborations on R&D, and internal sources within the company. The national and international dimensions of both internal networks and external collaborative agreements are explored, as is the interaction between R&D and other sources. Data from two UK Community Innovation Surveys allow for the lagging of relevant variables. Our results suggest that, while intra-company knowledge sources, own-generation, and bought-in R&D matter in innovation performance, the benefits of joint innovation efforts in the form of cooperation are less clear. The international dimension of internal networks is highly relevant, and interactions between the own-generation of knowledge and external sources increase the innovation potential of enterprises. 相似文献
16.
企业创新活动总是嵌入在特定的社会情境之中。基于合作对象差异,将企业外部社会联系分为供应链联系、竞争对手联系和知识生产服务机构联系三类,并运用180份珠三角企业调查问卷数据实证探讨它们与企业破坏性创新之间的复杂关系。结果发现,供应链联系对企业破坏性创新具有正向线性影响;竞争对手联系与企业破坏性创新之间存在正“U”型关系;而知识生产服务机构联系与企业破坏性创新之间存在倒“U”关系。研究结论为企业在实施和管理破坏性创新活动中如何有效利用外部社会联系提供实证依据和实践启示。 相似文献
17.
利用广东和江西两省的320家民营科技企业样本数据,在将民营科技企业社会责任分为内部社会责任和外部社会责任基础上,实证分析民营科技企业社会责任与企业绩效的关系并检验企业横向社会资本和纵向社会资本在二者之间的中介效应。研究显示:具有较高的横向社会资本的民营科技企业内部社会责任对企业绩效影响较大,横向社会资本较高的民营科技企业外部社会责任对企业绩效影响较小;具有较丰富的纵向社会资本的民营科技企业的内部社会责任对企业绩效影响较大,纵向社会资本较高的民营科技企业外部社会责任对企业绩效的影响较小。 相似文献
18.
农户适应性是评估移民搬迁政策有效性的核心指标,更是指导移民搬迁后续扶持工作的重要抓手。本文基于陕南3市8县1250户移民搬迁农户的数据,采用两阶段最小二乘法实证检验了外部冲击视角下移民搬迁农户的社会网络对其适应性的影响机制。研究结果表明,社会网络可以通过风险分担机制帮助贫困人口有效抵御风险冲击,但由于扩大网络规模及维持关系强度需要更高水平的投资,进而对移民搬迁农户造成了次生风险。同时,社会网络可以通过机会共享机制帮助非贫困人口有效把握外部机会,且非贫困人口的投资回报率要高于贫困人口。因此,需完善移民搬迁社区周边的产业政策配套,加快移民搬迁农户的社区融入,也要加强对移民搬迁农户可能遭遇风险的事前防范,及不可抗风险冲击发生后的及时救助,进一步加大外部机会供给,降低外部机会门槛。 相似文献
19.
We assess the impact of R&D manpower diversity on firms’ technological performance. Relying on insights from two theoretical perspectives on team diversity (i.e. social categorization perspective and information decision-making perspective), we hypothesize that both demographic and task-related sources of diversity within firms’ R&D workforce influence technological performance. In addition, we expect that these two dimensions of diversity interact with each other. To test our hypotheses, we rely on survey data from 938 Singaporean firms, providing in-depth information on three sources of demographic diversity (i.e. gender, age, and nationality of R&D employees) and two sources of task-related diversity (i.e. educational and knowledge area background of R&D employees). Our findings point to significant interactions between different sources of R&D manpower diversity. In particular, we identify substitutive relationships between (a) educational and gender diversity, and (b) nationality and knowledge area diversity. 相似文献
20.
A longitudinal study of the actual value of big data and analytics: The role of industry environment
Despite the popularity of big data and analytics (BDA) in industry, research regarding the economic value of BDA is still at an early stage. Little attention has been paid to quantifying the longitudinal impact of organizational BDA implementation on firm performance. Grounded in organizational learning theory, this study empirically demonstrates the impact of BDA implementation on organizational performance and how industry environment characteristics moderate the BDA-performance relationships. Using secondary data regarding BDA implementation from 2010 to February 2020, we find that BDA implementation has a significant impact on two types of business value creation: operational efficiency and business growth. Furthermore, the impact of BDA on operational efficiency is amplified in less dynamic and complex environments, while the BDA-business growth relationship is more pronounced in more dynamic, complex, and munificent environments. Collectively, this study provides a theory-centric understanding of BDA’s economic benefits. The findings offer insights to firms about what actual benefits BDA implementation may generate and how firms may align the use of BDA with the industry environments they are operating in. 相似文献