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1.
本文通过分析档案公共服务政策执行效果的关键影响因素,为优化档案公共服务政策的执行效果及提升档案公共服务水平提供参考建议。基于史密斯模型理论推导出档案公共服务政策执行效果的影响因素模型,并根据专家意见明确影响因素的内涵及范畴;基于DEMATEL方法对专家评分矩阵进行转换和计算,识别影响档案公共服务政策执行效果的关键因素。得出档案公共服务政策执行效果影响因素分为政策本身、政策执行主体、目标群体和政策执行环境4个维度;政策连贯性、政策实用性、政策主体对利益需求的关注、政策认知、知识素养、目标群体受教育程度、政策认同、主体认同、政策资金支持、社会文化氛围是影响档案公共服务政策执行效果的关键因素。 相似文献
2.
The role of policy entrepreneurs in open government data policy innovation diffusion: An analysis of Australian Federal and State Governments 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《Government Information Quarterly》2018,35(1):123-134
Open government data (OGD) policy differs substantially from the existing Freedom of Information policies. Consequently OGD can be viewed as a policy innovation. Drawing on both innovation diffusion theory and its application to public policy innovation research, we examine Australia's OGD policy diffusion patterns at both the federal and state government levels based on the policy adoption timing and CKAN portal “Organization” and “Category” statistics. We found that state governments that had adopted OGD policies earlier had active policy entrepreneurs (or lead departments/agencies) responsible for the policy innovation diffusion across the different government departments. We also found that their efficacy ranking was relatively high in terms of OGD portal openness when openness is measured by the greater number of datasets proactively and systematically published through their OGD portals. These findings have important implications for the role played by OGD policy entrepreneurs in openly sharing the government-owned datasets with the public. 相似文献
3.
The issues of collaboration between the CIS member states in the field of the interstate scientific and technical information exchange are explored. Various formats of cooperation, including interstate cooperation programs, provision of information and legal support, and the implementation of joint R&D projects are explored. Based on the results of the study, it is proposed to develop an electronic analytical system, a model applied to monitor and control the processes related to the design and implementation of joint scientific and technological projects by the CIS member states. The structured analytical data collected through the monitoring of joint coordinated requests for proposals (RFPs) and scientific and technological projects will support the adaptation of the CIS Economic Council, the CIS Executive Committee, and national authorities to the modern context based on the coordination of the respective scientific and technological policies in the framework of national state programs. Further improvement and greater effectiveness of the CIS collaboration is a priority for the Russian chairmanship of the CIS in 2017. 相似文献
4.
《Government Information Quarterly》2021,38(4):101620
While the use of social media by local governments has gained relevance in recent years, crises are critical situations that reinforce the need to reach citizens to disclose information, demonstrate the government's commitment, and increase the citizens' level of preparedness and awareness of resources. This paper examines the factors that influenced local governments' e-disclosure during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. To accomplish this objective, we systematically tracked every post published by the official Facebook page of 304 Portuguese municipalities between March 2 and July 5, 2020. The findings show that financial autonomy is the main predictor of e-disclosure, factors varied on the different phases of the pandemic's first wave, and sociodemographic factors became more prevalent as explanatory factors when the crisis worsened. Our study may help increase the level of preparedness during possible future crises. In particular, establishing communication strategies for prolonged public health crises, making financial resources available for the accomplishment of such strategies, and reducing the digital divide can contribute to more effective disclosure. Future research should explore the dynamics of disclosure during public health crises. This study also highlights the need to incorporate time in research that focuses on the determinants of e-disclosure that could also be tested in normal times. 相似文献
5.
《Government Information Quarterly》2020,37(1):101398
Performance information disclosure, especially e-disclosure practices, is widely considered to increase public sector accountability. This paper aims to examine the impact that public service delivery through outsourcing has on voluntary performance information disclosure with respect to direct delivery. The study draws on agency theory and organisational information processing theory to suggest that a greater degree of outsourcing in public service delivery might increase the likelihood that public administrations would disclose performance information through their websites. An empirical analysis conducted on a sample of 262 Italian municipalities supported this hypothesis. The study also showed that no unique set of factors could explain the differences in the electronic disclosure of performance information by Italian municipalities, but disclosure was observed to depend—at least in part—on how municipalities deliver public services. 相似文献
6.
针对国家和地方科技成果转化政策执行效率不同的问题,采用内容分析法,从政策结构、政策内容、政策目标、政策工具手段及政策实施效果方面分析国家和江苏省成果转化政策。结果表明,国家和地方科技成果转化政策在结构内容上相互对应,在战略目标确定、政策着力点及政策实施效果检查上有所区别。最后,对国家和地方相关政府部门进行科技成果政策制定实施提出参考建议。 相似文献
7.
《Government Information Quarterly》2018,35(2):283-290
Examining the variation in policies across 47 U.S. cities, we show that political competition has a significant effect on governments' regulatory responses to the sharing economy. Specifically, a greater level of political competition is associated with a more favorable regulatory response for sharing companies such as Airbnb. This finding is explained using the concepts of governmental status quo bias and adaptive governance. When considering the interests of the public and market incumbents, governments generally favor the latter (i.e., the status quo). This is because single-industry economic interests can more easily be organized into interest groups that can influence policymaking through lobbying. However, a greater level of political competition was found to reduce the power of entrenched market incumbents. This finding provides broad support to the hypothesis that the promotion of political accountability through greater political competition is conducive to adaptive governance. 相似文献
8.
[目的/意义]为推动我国开放科学数据政策的制定、实施提出建议。[方法/过程]通过查阅文献与登录网站调查国内外44个机构实施强制性开放科学数据政策的现状,从数据存储方式、数据权利、数据开放时滞、出版方式4个方面分析政策内容,总结政策特点,对国内强制性开放科学数据政策的实施提出建议。[结果/结论]强制性开放科学数据政策呈现制定机构类型多样、高校占主导地位、政策内容重点突出完备程度不足、数据权利政策制定呈现两极分化、利益协调政策缺失等特点。从政策的分层次制定保障一致性与灵活性、开放数据政策与数据安全政策的协同、利用数据所有权政策推动科学数据的公开、数据存储机构加强科学数据管理、数据服务机构从增值服务角度制定利益平衡政策几个角度提出实施建议。 相似文献
9.
《期刊图书馆员》2013,64(4):147-156
The levels and patterns of periodicals mutilation occurring at three academic libraries located in northcentral Texas were investigated by means of a page-by-page examination of the 1981 and 1988 issues of seven popular and seven scholarly periodicals. Findings revealed that significantly greater proportions (p = .02) of popular issues were mutilated compared to scholarly issues. No significant differences were found between the proportions of 1981 and 1988 popular issues which were mutilated or in the proportions of popular issues which were mutilated at each library. The findings revealed a strong consistency in mutilation patterns across libraries. 相似文献
10.
This study investigated the self-efficacy perceptions of Israeli library and information science students regarding their information seeking behavior. That is, it examined the judgments that participants make of their searching abilities. The study was based on Bandura's four sources of self-efficacy information: past performance or mastery experiences, vicarious experiences of observing the experiences of others, social feedback and affective states. An online survey presenting the Information Seeking Self-Perception Scale (IRSPS) was distributed and 205 students completed the questionnaire anonymously. Findings show that participants reported a high level of self-efficacy and that three of the four sources of self-efficacy information were significant in constructing their self-efficacy beliefs. Correlations between self-efficacy percepts and several socio-demographic variables revealed no gender-based differences. A significant correlation was found between age and degree and the sources with more influence. Older postgraduate students reported being more impacted by their mastery experiences, their affective states and social feedback. The implementation of the Information Seeking Self-Perception Scale (IRSPS) can be valuable when designing and implementing LIS academic programs for different groups of students. 相似文献
11.
Greg O'Shea 《Archives and Museum Informatics》1997,11(3-4):251-257
Drawing on his experience at the Australian Archives in policy development on electronic records and recordkeeping for the Australian Federal Government sector the author argues for greater emphasis on the implementation side of electronic records management. The author questions whether more research is a priority over implementation. The author also argues that if archival institutions wish to be taken seriously by their clients they need to pay greater attention to getting their own organisations in order. He suggests the way to do this is by improving internal recordkeeping practices and systems and developing a resource and skills base suitable for the delivery of electronic recordkeeping policies and services to clients. 相似文献
12.
As more and more countries adopt access-to-information (ATI) laws to advance economic development and democratic self-governance, efforts are under way to foster ATI movements in the Arab world. While one nation in that region already has adopted the legislation, the likelihood of adoption in other Arab states is unknown. This comparative study analyzed 12 quantitative indicators measuring political, cultural, and economic factors associated with access to information. Results indicate that Arab countries, as a whole, contrast sharply in nearly all areas with non-Arab countries that have ATI laws and are consistent with non-Arab countries that do not have ATI laws. However, the study also found that the most recent ATI law adopters had weaker political, cultural, and economic enabling environments for government information access, which may portend a global phenomenon that will continue and could explain the interest in adopting the legislation in the Arab world. Findings also suggest that while a handful of Arab countries might have the wealth to effectively implement ATI laws, political and cultural conditions may be substantial obstacles for greater government transparency. Other results regarding the use of quantitative indicators of ATI adoption, particularly structural pluralism, are discussed. 相似文献
13.
Kristina M. Scharp Kyle F. Kubler Tiffany R. Wang 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2020,48(2):207-226
ABSTRACTParental alienation occurs after parents divorce and intentionally or even unintentionally persuade their children to distance themselves from or reject the other parent. Framed by the communication theory of resilience, this study explores the communicative practices that enable and constrain the targeted alienated parents’ ability to create normalcy at the individual and online community levels. We also examine the relationships between individual-level and online community-level resilience. Findings from 40 narrative interviews reveal communicative practices/processes that enable and constrain alienated parents at both the individual and online support group levels. Findings also suggest that there is a robust relationship between resilience practices at the individual and community levels. Theoretical implications and practical applications are discussed. 相似文献
14.
《Government Information Quarterly》2001,18(3):195-208
The need to improve information access on the Web has resulted in Illinois’ implementation of lexicographer Dr. Jessica Milstead’s subject tree for the Find-It! Illinois Program. In 1999, when the Illinois State Library joined four other states in implementing a state Government Information Locator Service (GILS) project, developing a controlled vocabulary became an essential component for maximizing retrieval of government information. Furthermore, application of library cataloging tools such as the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) is insufficient for online retrieval. An analysis of the structure and content of Dr. Milstead’s subject tree reveals the importance of new tools for improving online access methods. Illinois’ implementation of Dr. Milstead’s subject tree exposed the interest for nationwide application. The Illinois subject tree has been named the “Jessica Tree” to convey its expanded utility. The national adoption of a controlled vocabulary for retrieving state government information online will require collaboration among all states, so that the vision of a Find-It! America can be actualized. 相似文献
15.
魏晋时期受诸多因素影响,各地流亡人口不同程度地存在,地处西域的鄯善国也不例外。从新疆出土佉卢文书反映的内容看,鄯善国流亡人口分为两大类:鄯善国内部的流亡人口和来自其他城邦国家的流亡人口,鄯善国对不同类型流亡人口的安置政策各不相同。鄯善国的流民安置政策,为西域农业发展提供了一定数量的劳动力,客观上或多或少地促进了绿洲国家农业的繁荣。 相似文献
16.
Theory and past research argue for the importance of understanding the effect of various campaign communication forms (e.g., newspapers, television news, radio, debates, candidate advertising, and personal discussions) on levels of issue knowledge (IK). This study used a meta-analytic approach to examine how well these forms predict IK. The aggregate analysis indicates that any of these forms can affect IK but that the different forms are not equally successful. Findings also indicate that the level of campaign interest moderates the effect of reading newspapers and watching television news and that those who watch debates in years with incumbents are less likely to learn. In addition, studies of newspapers are less likely to find significant effects in recent years, even though the issue content of newspapers has increased. The findings also suggest that television news is more likely to influence IK when levels of issue content are greater. These data indicate that measures of media use and IK can systematically influence the study results. Several conclusions are drawn from the research in the hopes of moving toward a theoretical model of communication forms and the attainment of IK. 相似文献
17.
图书馆素有保护用户隐私权的历史,许多国家和地区的图书馆协会伦理准则也确认了对这种权利的支持,而且还制定了隐私政策。但是图书馆协会隐私政策的具体内容尚不清楚。该文以Pnina Shachaf教授对伦理准则的内容分析为基础,调研了在伦理准则中提到隐私原则的国家和地区图书馆协会的隐私政策,通过内容分析法考察隐私政策的描述性特征、政策的可读性和政策的内容。图书馆协会隐私政策中最经常提到的内容类别包括实施和救济,选择和同意;不经常出现的内容类别依次是通知和开放,用户访问,信息安全,隐私政策的实施以及特殊群体或活动的隐私。希望通过这些图书馆协会隐私政策的内容分析,对我国内地制定图书馆隐私政策有所启示。 相似文献
18.
This research investigated self-efficacy perceptions of Israeli library and information science (LIS) professionals regarding their information retrieval skills, examining the judgments that participants make about their own searching abilities. The study was based on Bandura's four sources of self-efficacy information: (a) past performance or mastery experiences; (b) vicarious observation of others' experiences; (c) verbal or social feedback; and, (d) affective states. An online survey presenting the Information Retrieval Self-Efficacy Scale was distributed among three existing Israeli LIS discussion groups. The questionnaire was completed by 201 LIS professionals. Findings show that participants reported a high level of self-efficacy regarding information retrieval and all four sources of self-efficacy information influenced the construction of self-efficacy beliefs. Correlations between self-efficacy perceptions and several socio-demographic variables were investigated. The data analysis revealed that men and women are impacted differently by self-efficacy information; women reported a higher score for affective states and men are more prone to frustration. Also, a significant relation was found between age and years of experience, as well as the sources that exerted more influence on participants. Older and more experienced participants reported being more impacted by their mastery experiences and their affective states. Participants in the middle of their careers reported a greater influence of social feedback on their self-perception of self-efficacy. 相似文献
19.
Findings from this study indicate that news reporters are at times uncomfortable with live reporting, believing that news operations often allow technology to drive journalism. The data indicate that senior reporters and news directors adopt different perspectives of live newsgathering, and that the disparity between the two groups widens in larger markets. The majority of both groups agree that “live for the sake of live” takes place with disturbing frequency in newsrooms across the nation. 相似文献
20.
Pamara F. Chang Yoon Hyung Choi Natalya N. Bazarova Corinna E. Löckenhoff 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2015,59(2):221-239
This article extends socioemotional selectivity theory to online social networking by examining age differences in the size and composition of Facebook networks across a wide age range of Facebook users (18 to 93 years old) in a nationally representative sample. Findings suggest increasing selectivity of Facebook social partners with age. Compared to younger adults, friend networks of older adults are smaller but contain a greater proportion of individuals who are considered to be actual friends. Moreover, a higher proportion of actual to total Facebook friends is associated with lower levels of social isolation and loneliness across the life span. 相似文献