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1.
探讨了全氟辛烷磺酸盐(PFOS)对斑马鱼胚胎的发育毒性与氧化应激的影响。将斑马鱼胚胎暴露于系列浓度(0.1mg/L,0.5mg/L,1mg/L,5mg/L,10mg/L)的PFOS中,分别在胚胎受精后数小时(24hpf,48hpf,72hpf,96hpf,120hpf)内统计急性发育毒性指标,包括存活率、畸形率、心率以及孵化率。同时在暴露结束的120hpf,检测相关的抗氧化酶活性变化,主要包括超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Gpx)以及脂质过氧化物(MDA)。结果显示,PFOS能够导致胚胎/幼鱼存活率降低,畸形率增加,心率加快以及孵化延迟;同时,胚胎SOD活性以及MDA水平增加,CAT与Gpx活性降低,表明PFOS能够诱发斑马鱼胚胎急性发育中毒,影响其抗氧化系统,导致胚胎产生氧化应激。  相似文献   

2.
以福寿螺为研究对象,测定其在Zn^2＋浓度分别为0、1、2、5、10mg／L时,于不同暴露时间（12、24、48、96h）内,肝脏超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和丙二醛（MDA）活性的变化．结果表明：低浓度（1、2mg／L）的Zn^2＋处理组在24h内对福寿螺肝脏SOD活性起到诱导作用;随着时间的延长活性逐渐减弱,在96h时下降至最低值,极显著低于对照组水平;而中、高浓度（5、10mg／L）处理组酶活性均低于对照组．在各浓度组的胁迫下,CAT活性在12h时升高到最大值,之后随着时间的延长均表现为下降趋势．MDA含量在整个试验期间均处于诱导状态,并且与重金属浓度成正比,在10mg／L96h时达到最大值．Zn^2＋会对福寿螺产生明显的氧化胁迫,SOD、CAT和MDA指标能有效评价Zn^2＋对福寿螺的氧化损伤．  相似文献   

3.
目的：通过实验观察甲醛对运动大鼠心肌组织抗氧化系统的影响及服用刺五加后的作用,探讨甲醛对运动大鼠的心肌组织毒性及刺五加的保护作用。方法：采用人为模拟不同程度甲醛染毒环境进行动式染毒,甲醛剂量分别为0.8 mg/m3,2.4 mg/m3。每天染毒30 min,每周6次,连续4周,刺五加的灌胃剂量为104.17 mg/kg,测定运动大鼠心肌组织的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活力和丙二醛（MDA）的含量。结果：染毒组与对照组相比,2.4 mg/m3剂量染毒运动组大鼠心肌组织 CAT、GSH-PX、SOD活性明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）,MDA含量明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）。服药染毒运动组与染毒运动组相比,0.8mg/m3剂量染毒服药组大鼠心肌组织CAT、GSH-PX、SOD活性明显高于染毒运动组（P〈0.01）,MDA含量明显低于染毒运动组（P〈0.01）。结论：甲醛可以降低染毒大鼠心肌组织抗氧化酶的活性,造成心肌组织氧化性损伤,而灌服中药刺五加可以有效缓解其毒性。  相似文献   

4.
铅胁迫对大豆幼苗保护酶系统及膜脂化的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
以大豆为材料，研究了不同浓度的铅对大豆种子萌发的影响及大豆茎下胚轴内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）的活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量的变化情况．实验表明：在低浓度Pb^2＋（20mg／L）处理下，大豆种子的发芽指数和活力指数与对照接近，随着浓度的增加，发芽指数和活力指数逐渐下降．说明高浓度的铅对大豆的生长有抑制作用．在低浓度Pb^2＋（20mg／L）处理下，SOD、POD的活性有所增强，高浓度下活性下降．而MDA恰好与其相反，先降低后升高．这表明高浓度铅降低了SOD的活性，破坏了细胞膜的完整性，增加了膜的透性、  相似文献   

5.
目的 研究玉竹糖蛋白粗提物的体内抗氧化作用.方法 用石油醚提取玉竹糖蛋白,以高、中、低剂量饲喂小鼠,用试剂盒测定小鼠血清、肝脏、脑组织中的丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性.结果 玉竹糖蛋白粗提物可提高受试小鼠血清、肝脏和脑中SOD、CAT及GSH-Px活性,降低这些组织中MDA含量.结论 玉竹糖蛋白粗提物具有一定的抗氧化活性.  相似文献   

6.
以玉米幼苗的生物量、叶片的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、丙二醛（MDA）含量、过氧化物酶（POD）与过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性为指标,采用水培法研究了不同浓度抗坏血酸（AsA）对渍涝胁迫下玉米幼苗生长的影响．结果表明：经0.3 mmol/L AsA缓解后受迫玉米幼苗的根长、株高、鲜重和干重明显增加,叶片的可溶性糖与可溶性蛋白含量均明显提高,叶片的CAT与POD活性均高于对照组和各处理组,且叶片的MDA含量显著降低．  相似文献   

7.
采用小麦幼苗为材料，研究了冷激诱导抗冷性过程中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），过氧化氢酶（CAT），抗坏血酸专一性过氧化物酶（APX）、愈创木酚过氧化物酶（GPX）四种抗氧化酶活性的变化，结果发现冷激可以提高SOD，CAT，APX，GPX四种抗氧化酶的活性，表明冷激诱导的抗冷性与SOD，CAT，APX，GPX四种抗氧化酶活性增加有关，暗示SOD，CAT，APX，GPX四种抗氧化酶在冷激诱导小麦幼苗抗冷性的形成过程中起重要作用。  相似文献   

8.
通过静态模拟实验．比较研究了不同NP水平培养的金鱼（Ceracophyllum demersum）的茎解剖结构、植株NP含量、过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和丙二醛（MDA）含量变化。研究发现,随N,P浓度的增加,金鱼藻茎的组织结构紊乱,出现空洞;茎叶中NP含量随N,P浓度的增加而增加;过氧化物酶、超氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶及丙二醛含量均随N,P浓度的增加而上升。丙二醛含量均随时间延长而上升,POD@SOD,4性随时间变化呈先上升后下降的趋势。CAT活性随时间延伸上升。  相似文献   

9.
研究了沈试-29玉米种子在成熟过程中四种酶活性的变化及膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）含量的变化。结果表明：超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）,过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的变化一致即由乳熟期到蜡熟期活性下降,完熟期和枯熟期SOD、POD和CAT的活性又开始上升,而抗坏血酸氧化酶（AAO）的活性的变化则与此相反;MDA含量在蜡熟期上升,在完熟期和枯熟期下降。由此可见,种子的成熟过程中发生了氧化和过氧化作用,并存在活性氧的伤害。  相似文献   

10.
将斑马鱼分为3个处理组,分别用浓度为O μg/L、2 μ/L和20μg/L的微囊藻毒素-LR(MC-LR)进行染毒实验,培养一个月后比较不同浓度MC-LR对斑马鱼卵巢抗氧化酶的影响.结果发现卵巢中丙二醛(MDA)含量和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性在不同处理组中均发生显著性下降,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)活性和GR酶活性随着水体毒素浓度的增加而显著下降.  相似文献   

11.
不同浓度铅处理对桐花树叶片生理指标的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
以红树植物桐花树2a生龄苗为试验材料,采用淡水水培法研究了不同浓度Pb2+(0 mg/L(对照组)、10mg/L、25 mg/L、50 mg/L、100 mg/L、300mg/L、500 mg/L)对桐花树叶片的超氧负离子(O2-)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)与超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、蛋白质以及可溶性总糖量含量的影响.结果表明:随着Pb2+浓度的升高,桐花树叶片中O2-和MDA含量均呈上升趋势,且均显著高于对照,最高值范围是在Pb2+浓度100～500mg/L;而蛋白质含量和POD的活性则呈下降趋势,且均显著低于对照.SOD活性在铅胁迫浓度为10 mg/L时达到最大,当高于10mg/L时,则随Pb2+浓度的升高而下降.可溶性糖含量在Pb2+浓度为0～300 mg/L时,随Pb2+浓度的升高而显著增大.试验表明:桐花树叶片在浓度为10～100mg/L铅处理下,可以通过自身的内在调控抵御铅污染,即轻度的铅污染有利于桐花树的生长;在300～500mg/L高浓度铅胁迫下,各种生理指标出现衰减,显示高浓度铅胁迫的抑制效应,不利于桐花树生长.  相似文献   

12.
The present study is designed to investigate the protection by ferulic acid against the hepatotoxicity induced by diosbulbin B and its possible mechanism, and further observe whether ferulic acid augments diosbulbin B-induced anti-tumor activity. The results show that ferulic acid decreases diosbulbin B-increased serum alanine transaminase/aspartate transaminase (ALT/AST) levels. Ferulic acid also decreases lipid peroxide (LPO) levels which are elevated in diosbulbin B-treated mice. Histological evaluation of the liver demonstrates hydropic degeneration in diosbulbin B-treated mice, while ferulic acid reverses this injury. Moreover, the activities of copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) and catalase (CAT) are decreased in the livers of diosbulbin B-treated mice, while ferulic acid reverses these decreases. Further results demonstrate that the mRNA expressions of CuZn-SOD and CAT in diosbulbin B-treated mouse liver are significantly decreased, while ferulic acid prevents this decrease. In addition, ferulic acid also augments diosbulbin B-induced tumor growth inhibition compared with diosbulbin B alone. Taken together, the present study shows that ferulic acid prevents diosbulbin B-induced liver injury via ameliorating diosbulbin B-induced liver oxidative stress injury and augments diosbulbin B-induced anti-tumor activity.  相似文献   

13.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible therapeutic or protective effects of Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum ethanol extract (HPE) against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Thirty-six Sprague Dawley male rats weighing between 200 and 250 g were used as live material. They were formed into six groups containing 6 rats each and were allowed to adapt to laboratory conditions for 7 d. Group I: control, 5% DMSO intraperitoneal (i.p.); Group II: HPE 100 mg/(kg·d) i.p.; Group III: HPE 200 mg/(kg·d) i.p.; Group IV: gentamicin as 80 mg/(kg·d) i.p.; Group V: gentamicin as 80 mg/(kg·d) i.p.+HPE 100 mg/(kg·d) i.p.; and Group VI: gentamicin as 80 mg/(kg·d) i.p.+HPE 200 mg/(kg·d) i.p. for 8 d. Following treatment, serum, liver, and kidney tissues were used to assess blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and lipid peroxidation. Gentamicin significantly increased serum BUN, creatinin, and liver and kidney levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). It also decreased the activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Treatment with the HPE 100 mg/kg reversed gentamicin-induced alterations as evidenced by decreased serum BUN and creatinin, liver and kidney oxidant marker, and tubular necrosis as well as by an increase in antioxidant enzymes. It was found that HPE 200 mg/kg significantly increased liver and kidney tissue MDA levels in nephrotoxicity in rats. As a result, these findings support the proposition that HPE in 100 mg/kg dose demonstrates in the kidney and liver as free radicals and scavenger to prevent the toxic effects of gentamicin in both the biochemical and histopathology parameters.  相似文献   

14.
The hepatoprotective potential of earthworm extract (EE) (Lampito mauritii, Kinberg) was evaluated against paracetamol-induced liver injury in Wistar albino rat, in comparison with silymarin, the standard hepatoprotective drug. We observed a reduction in liver antioxidants, such as glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx),and catalase (CAT) and in serum total protein, and an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum aspertate aminotranferase (AST), serum alanine aminotranferase (ALT), bilirubin and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) due to liver injury in the paracetamol-administered rats (2 g/kg). On the contrary, increased activities of liver GSH, SOD, GPx,CAT and serum total protein level, and decrease in the contents of serum ALP, AST, ALT, bilirubin and liver TBARS were observed in rats administered with different doses of EE (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg), which are similar to the activities of hepatoprotective drug silymarin (150 mg/kg). The mode of action of EE as evidenced by the above parameters may suggest that EE, on the one hand, prevents the formation of the reactive oxygen groups, or scavenges these groups, thereby preventing the damage on the hepatic cells, and, on the other hand, modulates the genes responsible for synthesis of antioxidant enzymes such as GPx, CAT and SOD in liver tissue and decreases the serum enzymatic activities such as ALP, AST and ALT.  相似文献   

15.
Objective： To examine changes of blood oxidative-antiovidative level in schizophrenic patients and its relationship with clinical symptoms. Methods： Forty-six Chinese patients met DSM-IV （Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-iV） criteria for schizophrenia and fifty age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the present study. Baseline psychiatric symptom severity was assessed with brief psychiatric rating scale, positive and negative syndrome scale on the blood draw day. Fresh blood samples were collected to measure levels of nitric oxide and lipid peroxide in plasma as well as activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in red blood cells by spectrophotometric assays simultaneously. Results Comparison of the biochemical parameters indicated that the level of nitric oxide and lipid peroxide increased in patient group, which represented a positive correlation with positive scale scores; while the activities of three critical enzymes decreased and showed a negative linear correlation. Conclusion： This study showed that there are dysregulation of free radical metabolism and poor activities of the antioxidant defense systems in schizophrenic patients. Excess free radicals formation may play a critical role in the etiology of schizophrenia. Using antioxidants might be an effective therapeutic approach to partially alleviate or prevent the symptoms of schizophrenia.  相似文献   

16.
以小麦种子为材料,通过液体培养实验探究铜对小麦幼苗生长和抗氧化系统的响应,揭示小麦幼苗对铜胁迫的生理抗性机制。结果表明,低浓度铜对小麦幼苗生长具有一定的促进作用,随着铜浓度的进一步增大和培养时间的延长,小麦幼苗的生长量明显减少,根和叶片中的膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和脯氨酸（Pro）的含量均明显升高,与对照相比达到5％或1％的差异显著性水平,这些活性物质在根和叶中的变化趋势基本一致,其含量除POD在根中分布大于叶中外,其余均表现为在叶中的分布大于在根中的分布。在过量Cu2＋引起胁迫的过程中,抗氧化系统各成分通过相互协同配合,对铜胁迫进行有效的抵御,对自身进行严密的保护。  相似文献   

17.
采用急性毒性实验方法,研究了不同浓度的镉离子（Cd2＋）和汞离子（Hg2＋）单一及复合染毒对田螺肝胰脏过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的影响.结果表明：在实验剂量范围（ρCd2＋0.5～8.0mg/L,ρHg2＋0.05～0.8mg/L）,单一染毒时,低浓度的Cd2＋,Hg2＋溶液对CAT活性有诱导作用;高浓度的Cd2＋,Hg2＋溶液有抑制作用.Cd2＋,Hg2＋复合染毒时,低、中浓度的镉与汞复合染毒,对CAT活性具有诱导作用,高浓度的镉与汞复合染毒,对CAT活性具有抑制作用.表明了在不同浓度Cd2＋,Hg2＋及联合作用的胁迫下,一定时间后CAT活性出现了较为显著的变化,从而为探讨重金属Cd2＋、Hg2＋对田螺的毒理作用及根据田螺肝胰脏CAT活性的变化可作为间接检测环境的污染程度的指标.  相似文献   

18.
研究了不同浓度的镉（Cd2＋）对背角无齿蚌（Anodonta woodiana woodiana）肝脏和肌肉过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的影响.结果表明：在Cd2＋浓度低于0.7 mg·L-1时对肌肉CAT活性起诱导作用,在Cd2＋浓度低于0.5 mg·L-1时对肝脏CAT活性起诱导作用,最大值出现在0.2 mg·L-1附近;而高浓度Cd2＋（高于0.8 mg·L-1）对CAT起抑制作用.灵敏度结果显示,低浓度Cd2＋胁迫下（0.1 mg·L-1）,肝脏CAT的诱导倍数高于肌肉.背角无齿蚌肝脏CAT对水环境中的重金属反应敏感,对重金属的早期污染有指示作用.  相似文献   

19.
As a component of diesel exhaust particles, 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (4-nitro-m-cresol, PNMC) is also a metabolite of the insecticide fenitrothion and imposes hazardous effects on human health. In the present study, the alleviative effect of a common antioxidant flavonoid quercetin on mouse germ cells intoxicated by PNMC was investigated. Results showed that a single intraperitoneal injection of PNMC at 100 mg/kg induced severe testicular damage after one week. PNMC-treated mice showed a significant loss of germ cells (approximate 40% loss of round germ cells). PNMC caused an increase of hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide production and lipid peroxidation, as well as a decrease in glutathione level, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. Furthermore, treatment of PNMC increased expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-XL in germ cells. In addition, testicular caspase-3 activity was significantly up-regulated and germ cell apoptosis was significantly increased in the PNMC-treated mice. In contrast, combined administration of quercetin at 75 mg/kg significantly attenuated PNMC-induced testicular toxicity. These results indicate that the antioxidant quercetin displays a remarkable protective effect on PNMC-induced oxidative damage in mouse testes and may represent an efficient supplement to attenuate reproductive toxicity by environmental toxicants to ensure healthy sperm production.  相似文献   

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