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1.
Creating value in ecosystems: Crossing the chasm between knowledge and business ecosystems 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Policy makers take initiatives to stimulate knowledge ecosystems in technology hotspots. It is implicitly assumed that these ecosystems will lead to value networks through which the participating companies can realize a competitive advantage. Value networks refer to business ecosystems where the value proposition is offered by a group of companies which are mutually complementary. The strategy literature suggests that business ecosystems lead to competitive advantages for each of the partners in the ecosystem. Based on a unique hand-collected database of 138 innovative start-ups in the region of Flanders, we analyze the knowledge and business ecosystem and the financial support network. We find that the knowledge ecosystem is well structured and concentrated around a number of central actors while the business ecosystem is almost non-existent at the local level. Further, we find that the financial support network is almost 100% publicly backed and fails to bridge the knowledge and business ecosystem. The implications for policy makers who tend to focus on the development of local ecosystems are discussed. 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2022,51(1):104388
Innovation rarely happens through the actions of a single person. Innovators source ideas while interacting with peers at different levels and intensities. With a dataset of disambiguated inventors from 1980 to 2010 in European metropolitan areas, we assess the influence of their interactions with co-workers, organizations’ colleagues, and geographically co-located peers on their productivity. By adding many fixed effects to control for unobserved heterogeneity, we uncover the importance of metropolitan areas knowledge for inventors’ productivity, with firms and co-workers’ network knowledge being less relevant. When the complexity and quality of knowledge are accounted for, the picture changes: proximate, social interactions become central. 相似文献
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We present a study exploring the connection between social networks and collaborative process. We focus on exploring academics' network position and its effect on their collaborative networks. In this paper, we discuss two types of networks of collaboration—(i) citation; and, (ii) co authorship. We explore the effects of social networks on these two types of collaborative process. By defining network position in this way, we develop a social network that uses the academics as nodes within the network instead of each published paper. We obtained the collaboration data through archival records (i.e. Web of Science) and examined the interactions among different actors from the archival records for determining the existence and strength of relations between actors. 相似文献
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This paper aims to advance economic development theory through the concept of jurisdictional advantage; demonstrating how places might strategically position themselves to gain economic advantage; then considering how this place-specific advantage might be constructed. We choose the term jurisdiction to define the set of actors that have a common interest in a spatially bound community. Jurisdictions are entities with a legitimate political ability to influence social and economic outcomes within their boundaries. Borrowing from the literature on corporate strategy, the uniqueness of local capabilities becomes a source of advantage for jurisdictions. We consider how to measure and construct jurisdictional advantage. 相似文献
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网络杠杆--企业竞争优势来源新探 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
企业要赢得持续竞争优势，就要突破企业边界寻找资源，通过外部网络放大自身资源的效应，我们把这一战略运作模式称为网络杠杆；运作网络杠杆的核心就是企业在内部资源基础上构建社会网络，并谋求网络中的核心位置，创造省力杠杆，同时提供好运作网络杠杆的支撑条件。 相似文献
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This paper addresses a neglected topic in the knowledge management literature: how the size of a network of actors affects the nature of intra-network social relations and knowledge processes. It makes a theoretical contribution to developing understanding in this area drawing on a range of literatures including practice-based perspectives on knowledge, the literature on the embeddedness of social relations, and relevant knowledge management literature. The central focus of this paper is on the relationship between network size, network density, and how these variables affect intra-network knowledge processes. It suggests that as network size increases network density is likely to decrease (as it becomes problematic for the actors in such networks to retain strong ties with a significant proportion of the network's members), which it will be suggested has significant ramifications for intra-network knowledge processes. This paper concludes by reflecting on the implications of the ideas developed for network-based forms of organizing, and innovation processes. 相似文献
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区域龙头企业的知识溢出对本地中小企业成长的带动效果及其作用机制是目前理论和实践关注的重点问题。已有对作用机制的研究存在社会临近观和认知临近性两种观点。基于知识转移理论,我们认为二者的交互作用会对区域中小企业成长具有更大的作用。基于浙江省三个区域产业集群中163家中小企业实地调查数据,本文的实证研究发现,本地中小企业与龙头企业的社会临近性和社会临近性对中小企业成长具有显著正的交互作用;而区域龙头企业对中小企业成长的带动作用具有很大的局限性：只有同时与龙头具有较高社会临近和认知临近的本地中小企业才能享受到显著的带动作用。 相似文献
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日益兴起的社会网络负功能研究,修正了以往过度重视积极效应的认识误区,逐渐成为社会网络研究的核心话题。本文基于企业层面,对相关领域的文献进行总结梳理后发现,企业社会网络的负功能可作用于微观、中观和宏观三个层面,分别表现为限制组织成员的创造力、导致企业面临"负债"困境、促使市场分割与地方保护主义的形成。在影响因素的研究中,现有的分析框架可归纳为网络结构主义和组织环境两种理论视角,网络排他性、过度嵌入、市场需求的不确定性、技术动荡、企业生命周期与战略目标均对社会网络负功能的发生产生重要作用。在此基础上,本文从研究视角、内容、方法和理论建构四个方面提出未来研究的发展方向。 相似文献
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开放式创新已成为企业的主导创新模式,然而已有研究对于企业"是否应该以及是否能够同时实施本地和国际知识搜索战略,以及在什么条件下实施更为有利"的问题并没有给出满意的答案。通过创新性地整合组织双元与外部知识搜索理论,界定了外部知识搜索双元的2个维度(平衡维度和联合维度)的含义,并实证检验了外部知识搜索双元的平衡和联合维度对创新绩效的影响,以及创新复杂性和产业竞争压力对上述影响的调节效应。基于中国219家制造企业的问卷调查结果表明:(1)外部知识搜索双元的平衡维度和联合维度对创新绩效均具有显著正向影响;(2)创新复杂性、产业竞争压力均正向调节外部知识搜索双元的2个维度与创新绩效的关系。 相似文献
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本文就外部信息来源渠道不同将商业网络分为横向外溢网络、纵向外溢网络和本土商业网络,探索四种机构的支持在商业网络与自主创新绩效之间是否起调节作用。基于广东省处于产业集群的民营企业进行调查,通过层次回归分析检验。最终的结论为:(1)国际商业网络与本土商业网络皆对自主创新绩效产生显著影响;(2)政府部门支持的调节作用在三种网络中都显著为正,科研机构支持的调节作用则只在国际商业网络得到验证;(3)金融机构支持和行业协会支持的调节作用在三种网络中皆未获得实证研究结果的支持。 相似文献
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This article investigates how actors positioned in a network can evolve as knowledge brokers, as well as how they act to develop new brokerage roles. Our focus is on actor's behaviour while previous studies concentrate more on the structural and positional determinants of brokerage roles. This research combines brokerage roles with a broker's functions in an exploratory study of a small Italian comics publishing house. Over 20 years, the firm played different brokerage roles involving different actors at national and international levels. We find that if all brokerage roles involve transcoding functions, the ability to overcome transcoding obstacles, through the use of shared imprinting with receiving partners, could be useful for developing any brokerage role. Moreover, heterogeneity in the competences and industry experience of hired members of the management team could support the development of new brokerage roles, with differentiated effects on various brokers’ functions. If a brokerage role involves new actors with no previous allegiance, the status of the broker, signalled through network relations, can have significant impacts by indirectly communicating its superior knowledge. The proposed, emerging theoretical framework has direct implications for studies of knowledge brokers and innovation in social networks, as well as for entrepreneurship research. 相似文献
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不确定环境下本地和跨区域双重学习网络的动态平衡对集群企业创新具有积极影响。通过对浙江省温州市184家集群企业的问卷调查和实证检验,研究发现:本地和跨区域学习网络显著正向影响集群企业创新,两种网络存在显著的替代效应,且两者动态平衡能够增强双重网络的创新贡献,实现创新效应最大化;行业环境负向调节本地网络和集群企业创新,而政策环境呈现正向调节,且调节的边际效应趋于减弱。研究建议,集群企业创新需要动态平衡构建本地和跨区域学习网络,政府政策支持需适度,且需重视行业要素建设以降低行业环境不确定性,从而促进集群企业创新。 相似文献
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本文主要探索合作创新网络背景下企业网络化搜寻的主要结构类型及其作用机理,首先,借鉴扎根理论的研究方法,通过三次深度访谈,发现知识搜寻、关系搜寻和惯例搜寻是企业网络搜寻的主要结构类型。同时,以西安高新区高技术企业合作网络等为对象进行问卷调查,对网络搜寻的作用机理进行实证检验,结果显示,适度的关系搜寻有助于企业获得更高的合作创新绩效;知识搜寻不仅有利于合作创新绩效的提升,而且还在关系搜寻与合作创新绩效之间充当部分中介作用;惯例搜寻与合作创新绩效之间的正向关系通过实证检验,而且惯例搜寻还正向调控知识搜寻对合作创新绩效的影响。 相似文献
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Inter-firm social links are always helpful to establish mutual trust for further cooperation, and inter-firm knowledge exchange stresses the relative importance in a technological field. This study first examines the differences and relationships among the networks that are constructed by different exchanged resources, and further explores how a firm’s embedded local cluster resources and the brokerages’ roles in different inter-firm networks shape a firm’s leading position in the technical knowledge field. To construct inter-firm networks, we survey all members in the Taiwan Fastener Industry Association, collecting 87 valid samples for a 67% response rate. We use QAP (Quadratic Assignment Procedure) regressions to examine the relationships among networks, including social network (SN), information network (IN), and knowledge network (KN). We execute a negative binomial regression to investigate the importance of cluster resources and cross-regional brokering roles in SN and IN for gaining a higher position in technical KN. The results first show that the ties in SN and IN help establish cooperative partnerships in exchanging technical knowledge. Second, local cluster resources play a critical role in driving firms to gain a higher position in KN. Third, to have a leading role in KN, the brokerage roles in IN seem to be more important than the brokerages in SN. In particular, cross-regional brokerage roles (e.g., liaison) in IN strengthen their position in KN. 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2022,51(2):104416
Do informal social ties connecting inventors across distant places promote knowledge flows between them? To measure informal ties, we use a new and direct index of social connectedness of regions based on aggregate Facebook friendships. We use a well-established identification strategy that relies on matching inventor citations with citations from examiners. Moreover, we isolate the specific effect of informal connections, above and beyond formal professional ties (co-inventor networks) and geographic proximity. We identify a significant and robust effect of informal ties on patent citations. Further, we find that the effect of geographic proximity on knowledge flows is entirely explained by informal social ties and professional networks. We also show that the effect of informal social ties on knowledge flows is greater for new entrepreneurs or ‘garage inventors’, for older or ‘forgotten’ patents, and for flows across distant technology fields. It has also become increasingly important over the last two decades. 相似文献
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创新是高技术企业竞争优势的来源.在高技术产业集群中,各主体间的创新活动已经发展成为网络的方式.对创新网络进行了分析,重点关注于创新网络中由集群企业与本地或外地的大学共同构建的U-I关系.分析认为,非正式网络关系是U-I关系的重要表现形式;集群企业的知识基础将影响U-I关系的构建;U-I关系是有价值的.最后,选择丹阳高性... 相似文献
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网络结构特征是影响企业竞争优势的重要变量,本文以组织理论为基础,从利用式-探索式知识搜索视角出发,构建“产业集群网络结构特征、知识搜索与企业竞争优势”的关系研究模型。通过对178家软件企业问卷调查数据的实证检验,发现产业集群网络结构特征的网络稳定性和位置中心度正向影响知识搜索和企业竞争优势;利用式知识搜索对企业竞争优势有正向影响;利用式知识搜索在产业集群网络结构特征与企业竞争优势关系中起中介作用。企业在集群中应强化网络观和提高知识搜索能力,促进创新资源的流通和共享,实现集群中的知识转移、利用与再生,从而提升企业竞争优势。 相似文献
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基于气候变化和能源安全的现实考虑，低碳技术创新已成为全球重要议题。本文首先从理论上分析低碳技术合作创新网络中的多维邻近性及演化，然后以低碳汽车技术为例，基于联合申请专利，利用数据挖掘与社会网络分析构建1992-2011年全球低碳汽车技术合作创新网络，考察网络中多维邻近性存在与否，演化过程如何。研究表明，低碳技术及其合作创新网络与多维邻近性协同演化；低碳技术合作创新网络中多维邻近性演化涉及不同国家地区与行动者网络位置与能力的演变；低碳技术合作创新网络中多维邻近性演化需注意避免过度邻近的“锁定效应”。 相似文献
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本文基于2001-2016年的146起中国制造业上市公司海外并购样本的事件研究与大数据Bootstrap重复抽样检验，得出结论，内外网络均衡对中国企业海外并购后国内创新质量和国际创新质量均产生正向影响，且对国内创新质量的促进作用高于国际创新质量；母国和东道国的数字化水平对网络均衡与中国企业海外并购后国内和国际创新质量的关系也均具有显著的正向调节作用；按照母国与东道国数字鸿沟分组检验结果发现，数字鸿沟小时，并购方网络均衡与东道国数字化水平的交互作用更能提升中国企业海外并购后创新质量；进一步按照目标方知识复杂度高低进行分组检验，发现目标方知识复杂度高时，网络均衡与数字化的交互作用对提升中国企业海外并购后国内创新质量与国际创新质量的作用都高于知识复杂度低时。本文阐释数字经济中新兴市场跨国企业构建内外均衡网络兑现全球性创新优势的全新机制，在数字化加剧服务与制造分离的情景下，对中国制造业企业运用内外均衡网络，海外寻求复杂性强的隐性知识，加速中国消费端数字化向工业互联网资源的配置转移，利用数字化强外部性整合工业产业创新资源走向世界创新中心，具有重要价值。 相似文献