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1.
Nancy Proctor 《Curator: The Museum Journal》2013,56(1):105-106
“Crowdsourcing” is a practice that combines the concepts of “the crowd” and “outsourcing.” Introducing two articles on crowdsourcing in this issue, Nancy Proctor argues that—although we associate crowdsourcing with Web 2.0 and the social media revolution—its origins stretch back to the nineteenth century. Crowdsourcing is examined for its usefulness in creating radical new relationships between museum constituents, users, and institutions—putting the “wisdom of the crowd” in dialogue rather than in competition with formal institutional knowledge. 相似文献
2.
Exploring open government data capacity of government agency: Based on the resource-based theory 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《Government Information Quarterly》2018,35(1):1-12
Open government data (OGD) are valued by many countries and governments worldwide because of its important political, economic, and social benefits. Based on the resource-based theory, we construct a research model from the aspects of tangible, intangible, and human resources, as well as organizational culture to explore the factors that influence open government data capacity (OGDC). Results indicate that data variables, basic resources, organizational arrangement and technical capacity are directly related to the OGDC of government agencies; power distance negatively moderates the relationship between organizational structure and OGDC; uncertainty avoidance moderates the relationship among basic resources, organizational arrangement and OGDC. On this basis, we put forward relevant suggestions for the following development of OGD. 相似文献
3.
There is a fundamental shift in measuring and benchmarking due to the ability to use a large variety of data sources and virtually anybody can be involved. Interoperability is the ability of entities to work together covering aspects ranging from the technical to the organizational level. In smarter government, interoperability becomes increasingly important as relationships are subject to continuous changes and organizations operate within organizational ecosystems. In this paper interoperability measurement, benchmarking and improvement are reconceptualized in the light of the effects of big and open data and crowdsourcing in smarter government. Organizational and technical interoperability is decomposed into measurement constructs. A case study is presented showing the applicability and usefulness of the model. Using data sources inside and outside the organization the level of interoperability was measured and suggestions for improvements were identified by making use of experts and the crowd. 相似文献
4.
Christopher G. ReddickAuthor vitae 《Government Information Quarterly》2011,28(3):346-353
This paper examines the impact of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) technology on organizational change in local governments in the United States. The bureaucratic and e-Government paradigms are examined with regards to this technology impacting organizational change. Survey evidence on the adoption of CRM is examined from the perceptions of Chief Administrative Officers (CAOs) in cities and counties that have adopted this technology. Survey results indicate that both the e-Government and bureaucratic paradigms impacted organizational change from CRM adoption. Factor analysis shows that management change, efficiency change, and leadership and organizational change are the three most common factors in the models. Regression results indicate that local governments that score high on these factors are more likely to take an enterprise approach in the adoption of CRM for their local government. The results of this study imply that organizational change is not just influenced by the more recent e-Government paradigm, but traditional attributes of the bureaucratic model are present as well. 相似文献
5.
组织学习与绩效的关系：基于动态能力的中介效应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
6.
研究者在组织学习与绩效直接关系模型的基础上加入第三类变量,通过调节变量获取不同组织和环境情境下两者关系的解释,或通过中介变量的不同作用机理考察组织学习对绩效的影响。甚至,组织学习本身就可以视为一种组织情景,在其他组织因素与绩效的关系中发挥调节效用。根据现有文献,对国际学术界该研究的发展以及相关的研究成果进行梳理和述评,并提出未来的研究方向。 相似文献
7.
[目的/意义] 分析科研众包项目的协作模式,为我国在开放环境下开展协作研究提供理论指导和行动指南。[方法/过程] 通过分析Crowd Research项目的协作过程,从公众科研人员招募、研究过程协作、结果提交、成果产出4方面入手,详细说明各部分的关键步骤,总结Crowd Research对我国发展科研众包项目的启示。[结果/结论] 研究发现,Crowd Research基于众包思想,发展了一种新型的科研协作模式,公众科研人员在专业科研人员的带领下可以协作参与研究过程,包括自主选择里程碑、同行评估提交内容、互相分配贡献值、合作发表学术论文等。 相似文献
8.
过去十年,公众科学已经从一个新兴概念逐渐演化成互联网环境下群体协作的利器。然而,由于公众科学项目发起主体的多元性、参与方的广泛性和异质性、实施过程的复杂性和动态性,其运行机制和管理方式还有很多难点。科研众包理念是成功开展公众科学项目的前提和重点,因此可以作为公众科学的理论视角去进行概念解析,而对于科研众包类型的解构也将有助于公众科学项目的模式设计。本研究认为基于科研众包类型和公众科学开展环境两个维度,可以有效构建公众科学项目的业务模式并进行业务划分;以“机构观”的思想去驱动、管理并维系公众科学项目的发展,加入第三方组织机构这一实体可以重构公众科学项目的运作模式。而立足于图书情报学科,可以对数字人文类公众科学项目进行深入探索,尤其可以从特色馆藏利用、数字人文平台构建、科研数据管护以及用户激励和培训等方面开展后续工作。图4。表1。参考文献45。 相似文献
9.
This paper provides a general overview of the way local governments use Twitter as a communication tool to engage with their citizens. More concretely, it tries to identify factors associated with both the channel activity and citizen engagement, to understand the relationship between media type and citizen engagement and to analyse whether different content generated different levels of engagement. A sample of the 29 most populated Andalusian local governments is examined. The results show that the majority of Andalusian local governments have an official corporate Twitter account with certain level of activity. There is no, however, a significant relationship between the population of a municipality and its citizen's engagement, and there is a significant negative relationship between audience and engagement and between activity and engagement. The findings of the study also show the particular media and content types generate higher engagement than others. This paper contributes to the literature on social media and has practical implications for local governments. 相似文献
10.
This study examines the adoption of centralized customer service systems in local governments in the United States. Survey data is used to show the relationship between different factors of E-Government adoption and the implementation of this information technology (IT). The results of this study show that the adoption of a centralized customer service system was related to the form of government that the local government had and being located in a central city. The results also indicated that the sophistication of the local government's website was related to the adoption of a centralized customer service system. The results of this study did not support the claim that larger cities are more likely to be adopters of this type of IT. Other results indicate that only 15% of local governments have adopted this IT. These information systems are well-integrated with existing online communication methods such as email and the internet. The information from this IT is commonly used by local governments for performance management and budget development. 相似文献
11.
《Government Information Quarterly》2014,31(4):506-512
The adoption of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in public organizations promises to better connect managers with citizens, increase public participation in government decision making, improve the efficiency of service delivery, decrease uncertainty, and improve information dissemination. While each of these outcomes is important for both public managers and citizens, we know little about how organizational culture mediates the effectiveness of ICTs on producing these outcomes. This research, using data from two points in time, investigates the relationships between ICTs and managerial outcomes (e.g. improved decision making and public participation) and how they are mediated by organizational culture such as centralization and routineness. Technology variables include technology use and capacity. Models will control for other organizational and technological factors such as size, structure, task and department to investigate the mediating effects of organizational culture on ICT outcomes for local governments. The data come from two national surveys of 2500 local government managers in the United States in 2010 and 2012. The results are important for understanding how organizational mechanisms, in particular organization culture, mobilize ICTs in ways that affect managerial outcomes. 相似文献
12.
Ideas that rise to the top in crowdsourcing platforms are assumed to succeed because they are perceived to be the best ideas, but questions about the factors that influence the outperformance of one solution over another remain underexplored. The Peer Vetted Ideas model is proposed as an explanation of elements that affect performance in crowdsourcing for creative ideation solutions. Using content analysis and hierarchical multiple regression, the study examined the relationship between performance in a public sector crowdsourcing competition and (a) design concepts, (b) communication about the designs, and (c) platform context. Results indicate that crowdsourcing is not always a meritocratic process to produce the objective “best” ideas, but rather also depends on subjective communicative, temporal, and platform factors. 相似文献
13.
本体论进路是以基于本体论思维或由本体论衍生的一些理论为研究对象,进行剖析的研究脉络、研究方法或研究范式的统一。已有学者以本体论思想为本源,基于不同领域的具体理论,对组织学习开展了不同层面的研究。本体论进路常结合复杂系统理论、中国哲学中阴阳等相关理论,以＂类比—关联—融合＂的结构和程序深度分析组织及组织学习,从而使个人学习理论和组织学习理论更紧密连接,弥补现有理论的不足,为组织学习研究提供了新的理论基础,并取得了一些进展。 相似文献
14.
《Government Information Quarterly》2023,40(1):101760
Crowdsourcing is a form of IT-enabled open innovation that has received increased attention in recent years. However, the use of crowdsourcing in public innovation is still in its early stages. To understand the adoption of crowdsourcing in government, this article investigates the antecedents of the intention to adopt crowdsourcing in government organizations. The adoption intention is conceptualized as a rationalistic, goal-directed decision that is driven by multiple strategic intents but tempered by transaction costs. Three strategic intents (accessing complementary knowledge, enhancing organizational legitimacy, and reducing innovation costs) and two transaction costs (codification costs, and broadcasting costs) are hypothesized as antecedents to the adoption intention. Data (n = 205) from municipalities in Belgium and the Netherlands shows that the adoption intention can be explained by the influence of the political executive, the pursuit of organizational legitimacy, and transaction costs associated with broadcasting. Accessing complementary knowledge, reducing innovation costs, and codification costs are not significant predictors. The findings suggest that crowdsourcing is viewed as a tool for political alignment and legitimation. 相似文献
15.
Trevor Owens 《Curator: The Museum Journal》2013,56(1):121-130
Libraries, archives, and museums have a long history of collaboration with members of the public. There is already considerable interest in extending this relationship, inviting members of the public, often referred to as “the crowd,” to tag and classify, transcribe, organize, and otherwise add value to digital cultural heritage collection content. In this essay, current discussions of crowdsourcing are connected with the mission and values of cultural heritage organizations and a framework is offered for thinking about distinct components of different kinds of projects that have been lumped together. 相似文献
16.
众包对图书馆的影响及其运用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
众包理念和模式在图书馆领域的运用,将影响图书馆学理论架构,促进图书馆学理论创新;重新界定图书馆的组织边界,促进图书馆制度创新;打破图书馆专业化的门槛,促进图书馆技术和业务流程的创新。图书馆应充分借鉴众包的优势,鼓励大众进行知识交流与创新,加强图书馆文献资源建设的针对性,提高图书馆文献揭示与读者检索的一致性,推动图书馆资源和网络信息的开发与利用,促进图书馆知识交流。 相似文献
17.
[目的/意义]基于三元交互理论,研究大学生在翻转课堂中参与《信息检索》课程学习与个体特质、组织环境、课堂设计的关系。[方法/过程]通过梳理和总结相关研究成果,预调查和专家调查,形成学生课堂参与行为测量量表。利用因子分析方法提炼关键变量,通过结构方程模型方法探究个体特质、组织保障、组织认同、课堂设计等变量对大学生学习能力的影响。[结果/结论]研究发现作为前置因素的个体特质、组织认同、组织保障变量相互影响;组织认同和个体特质不仅直接作用于课堂设计,还通过课堂设计对大学生学习行为发挥积极而显著的作用。本文认为采取完善支撑环境、引导大学生自主学习、优化课堂设计以及加强课外实践等措施可促进大学生学习,提升大学生信息素养。 相似文献
18.
历史档案资源是重要的数字人文实践对象,而众包是聚合与优化历史档案资源的信息组织形式。数字人文项目前端的历史档案资源众包具有面向项目需求贡献和转化资源内容、在网络环境下开放和共享资源与成果、基于共同目标实现全景式协作等特点,同时具有网络平台存在安全隐患、用户行为和任务质量难以掌控等风险。档案馆、图书馆、博物馆等发包方是历史档案资源众包风险控制的实施主体,从历史档案资源众包和数字人文项目的前后端关系出发,可以规划基于历时视角的众包风险控制路径:在前期阶段设计和构建平台并实施用户准入控制,在中期阶段进行指导协调并监督任务执行,在后期阶段检视、审核并发布众包成果。控制成效可在后端的数字人文教学和研究中得到检验。 相似文献
19.
电子政务信息资源共建共享的模式建构与优化* 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
何振 《现代图书情报技术》2005,21(6):70-75
基于人的信息器官功能需求及其扩展与延伸，电子政务信息资源的共建共享是可以通过建立网络化信息空间来实现。探讨构建电子政务信息资源的共建共享模式，重点要充分考虑政府及其职能部门之间的权力引导、利益驱导与信息交流的关系。其共建共享的模式通常有垂直型、水平型和交叉型三种。未来模式的优化选择，必须遵循“柔性化”原则、制度化原则、扁平化原则和协同化原则。 相似文献
20.
《Government Information Quarterly》2020,37(3):101483
One of the great promises of e-democracy is the potential it holds for increasing citizen participation. Much of the research related to this topic has focused on inputs, identifying the tools and technologies of e-democracy, or factors associated with adoption and/or diffusion of these technologies across units of governments or public organizations. By contrast there has been less research examining how these inputs translate into outcomes, or impacts that e-democracy has on changes in civic behavior or citizen engagement. Our study helps fill this knowledge gap by examining the impact that a specific set of information communication technologies (ICTs) have on a common form of civic engagement: voting. This research creates and tests two unique measures, the online election information index (OEII) and the e-registration service index (ERSI) to examine the extent to which local governments offer online information and utilities that help to educate voters and promote turnout. The index is tested on a sample of 396 county governments in the US to examine the extent to which governments' use of voting ICTs impacts voter participation, while accounting for other institutional and demographic factors that are known to shape voter turnout. We find that voter turnout is indeed higher in communities where local governments offer more voting ICTs, and the availability of these online resources may be particularly influential in boosting turnout in places where state policies serve to constrain or limit turnout. 相似文献