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本文以990名3~6岁学前儿童为研究对象,采用儿童社会偏好量表、儿童游戏性量表和同伴游戏互动量表,考察学前儿童害羞和社交淡漠对同伴游戏行为的影响,并分析游戏性的中介和调节作用。结果显示,害羞和社交淡漠显著负向预测游戏交互,显著正向预测游戏破裂和游戏隔离;游戏性在害羞和社交淡漠与同伴游戏行为之间起部分中介和调节作用。为促进害羞和社交淡漠学前儿童的社会性发展,成人应尊重和接纳儿童,引导儿童学习采用积极的应对策略,提高他们的游戏性水平。 相似文献
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《南昌教育学院学报》2015,(5):106-108
学前儿童攻击性行为是幼儿园中比较常见的问题行为之一,也被称为侵犯性行为。根据学前儿童攻击行为的性质可以划分为无意性、表现性、工具性和敌意性这四种类型。学前儿童攻击行为产生的原因主要有来自个人的生理学因素和理解歪曲因素,家庭的教养方式,幼儿园教师的关注度程度和强化方式以及社会影响等。有效解决学前儿童的攻击性行为可以从教给儿童正确解决的问题的方式方法,提供给儿童适合的模仿榜样,强化儿童亲近社会的行为以及引导学前儿童正确观看动画片内容这些方面着手。 相似文献
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推广普及国家通用语言文字是宪法和法律规定的责任,也是铸牢中华民族共同体意识的必然要求。通过对广西壮族自治区学前儿童的国家通用语言词汇能力发展的实证研究发现：少数民族聚居地区学前儿童国家通用语言词汇发展呈现良好的年龄发展态势,其中表达性词汇发展优于理解性词汇发展;母语为普通话的学前儿童词汇能力发展最优;城镇地区学前儿童词汇能力发展显著优于农村地区学前儿童;公办幼儿园的学前儿童及班级中师幼互动质量越高的学前儿童其词汇能力发展越好;父母受教育水平与学前儿童词汇能力发展显著正相关。因此,应加大对农村地区学前教育发展的支持力度,重视提升班级师幼互动质量,加强对母亲使用国家通用语言与儿童互动的指导,促进民族地区学前儿童国家通用语言词汇发展。 相似文献
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从济南市槐荫区实验幼儿园随机选取4～6岁儿童260名，采用个别测查法考察其人际问题解决策略，结果发现：（1）4～6岁儿童的“交友”“言语沟通”“让步或脱离，中突”策略随年龄增长而增多，且以“言语沟通”为首选策略；（2）策略的有效性在4～6岁儿童中不存在显著的年龄差异，策略的适当性随年龄增长而提高；（3）发起交往情境中，策略的有效性显著低于冲突解决情境。其适当性则显著高于冲突解决情境。 相似文献
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邱倩文 《中小学心理健康教育》2017,(32)
为了探讨学龄前儿童的心理行为发展与家庭环境的关系,采用3~6岁幼儿心理健康测量问卷和家庭环境量表(中文版)对湛江市1441名学龄前儿童家长进行调查.结果表明:(1)3~4岁学龄前儿童心理行为问题检出率最高;(2)学龄前女童心理健康发展总体状况比男孩好;在3~4岁时,男女童动作能力发展在性别上达到显著性差异;在4~5岁,男女童语言能力发展在性别上统计学差异显著;5~6岁男女童心理行为发展在认知领域和语言能力领域存在显著差异,而其余能力发展不存在显著差异;(3)学龄前儿童心理行为发展受家庭环境影响.家庭亲密度越高,知识性、组织性越高,矛盾性越小,越有利于幼儿心理健康的发展. 相似文献
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采用问卷与同伴提名相结合的方法,以班级为单位对440名4～6年级小学生冲突解决策略的发展特点及相关影响因素进行研究。结果表明：（1）4～6年级小学生冲突解决策略的发展存在显著的年龄差异,其发展趋势是随着年龄的增长而越加成熟;儿童同伴冲突解决策略的发展存在性别差异。（2）4～6年级小学生的人格维度与儿童同伴冲突策略存在显著相关,方差分析结果表明,人格对儿童同伴冲突解决策略有影响;儿童同伴冲突解决的5个策略中的问题解决策略和外倾化策略与不同同伴关系类型的儿童存在显著差异,同伴关系类型对其有着明显的影响。（3）在冲突解决策略的问题解决维度上,同伴关系类型与人格中的自我意识的交互作用显著。 相似文献
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攻击行为是学前儿童身上比较常见的一种不良社会行为,本文在论述学前儿童攻击行为发展规律及影响因素的基础上,提出了以下矫正策略：有效干预儿童的攻击事实;引导儿童掌握解决人际问题的技能和策略;及时鼓励儿童的亲社会行为;教育活动的组织和实施应充分考虑不同年龄儿童的特点。 相似文献
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1.情绪理解、情绪调节与同伴接纳情绪具有建立、维持和改变个体与外界关系的功能,这种功能在个体身上表现为一种能力,即情绪能力。它主要包括情绪理解和情绪调节两个方面。研究表明,学前阶段是儿童情绪理解能力迅速发展的时期。3岁儿童已经能根据表情线索和情境线索判断他人的情绪状态,随着年龄的增长,儿童逐渐能够理解混合情绪,评价引发情绪的原因。情绪理解 相似文献
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The interpersonal cognitive problem-solving (ICPS) skills (i.e., means-ends thinking, identified obstacles, alternative solutions, consequential thinking) of 150 families (father, mother, and child 6-11 years old) were assessed via written tests and problem-solving behavioral performance. The interrelationships of ICPS written and behavioral problem-solving skills were examined, as were the relationships of each of these measures of problem solving to both parent and teacher indices of child adjustment. IQ, as measured by the age-appropriate Wechsler scale, was partialed out. Results indicated some ecological validity of written alternatives and consequential tests for children and means-ends tests for parents. Neither parents' nor children's written ICPS scores nor problem-solving behavior were systematically related to either teacher or parent ratings of child adjustment. However, a behavioral index of parental facilitation of child problem solving was significantly related to all problem-solving behaviors and some written ICPS measures. Results are discussed in terms of the role of ICPS skills in child adjustment, the potential limits of ICPS measures in therapy outcome, and the manner in which children learn interpersonal cognitive problem solving. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of aesthetic science activities on improving elementary school at-risk families’ children's positive thinking, attitudes toward science, and decreasing their anxiety about learning science. Thirty-six 4th-grade children from at-risk families volunteered to participate in a 12-week intervention and formed the experimental group; another 97 typical 4th graders were randomly selected to participant in the assessment and were used as the comparison group. The treatment for experimental group children emphasized scaffolding aesthetic science activities and inquiry strategies. The Elementary School Student Questionnaire was administered to assess all children's positive thinking, attitudes toward science, and anxiety about learning science. In addition, nine target children from the experimental group with the lowest scores on either positive thinking, or attitudes toward science, or with the highest scores on anxiety about learning science in the pre-test were recruited to be interviewed at the end of the intervention and observed weekly. Confirmatory factor analyses, analyses of covariance, and content theme analysis assessed the similarities and differences between groups. It was found that the at-risk families’ children were motivated by the treatment and made significant progress on positive thinking and attitudes toward science, and also decreased their anxiety about learning science. The findings from interviews and classroom observations also revealed that the intervention made differences in children's affective perceptions of learning science. Implication and research recommendation are discussed. 相似文献
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幼儿园英语教育是一个热门的话题。本研究着重通过对幼儿园英语教育中存在的一系列问题提出对策与建议,以期促进儿童语言和思维的发展和认知水平的提高,促进儿童的全面发展。 相似文献
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胡重光 《湖南第一师范学报》2014,(1):10-15
小学生的思维处于具体运算或前运算阶段,小学数学以合情推理为主,教学内容基本上按照儿童的认知发展过程编排。根据儿童的思维发展水平、数学认知特点和我国小学数学教育的具体情况,小学数学教育应遵循从具体水平开始教学的原则、从儿童的数学现实出发的原则、以理解为基础的原则和数学活动教学原则。 相似文献
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杜艳 《陕西教育学院学报》2012,(2):121-124
幼儿美术创造力是幼儿感受美、创造美的能力,是基于兴趣的更高层次创造性思维的审美体现,兴趣和思维进展水平是对美术教育中幼儿创造力发展的评判标准。因此,培养幼儿美术创造力的基本途径应当包括依据幼儿年龄和个性特点针对性的采用合理的教学方法和手段,利用不同绘画形式激发幼儿创造性思维以及对幼儿进行情感教育来激发他们的创造灵感等教育方法。 相似文献
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学生课堂焦虑水平过高很大程度上源于教师不恰当的提问方式。当学生的自尊心和自信心因为教师的提问而受到潜在威胁的时候，学生往往表现为课堂高焦虑。课堂高焦虑严重影响学生的听课和思考，甚至引发心理障碍。高明的教师知道如何提高自己的提问艺术以缓解学生的课堂高焦虑。 相似文献
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杨莉君 《湖南教育学院学报》2013,(6):103-108
主要采用《托兰斯创造性思维测验》（TTCT）,对湖南省195名3～6岁儿童进行创新思维游戏实验研究。结果表明,创新思维游戏活动有效地促进了3～6岁儿童创新思维的发展,其发展随儿童年龄增长而提高,且不存在显著的性别差异;同时,儿童创新思维的发展也受到了多种因素的影响。 相似文献
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文章从情绪调节的定义入手,介绍了治疗儿童焦虑症的认知行为疗法,但它只对大约60—70％的儿童是有效的。文中重点介绍了情绪调节在焦虑症儿童治疗中的作用,还介绍了针对改善个体水平以及家庭水平的情绪调节策略。 相似文献
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This study investigated potential differences in career indecision for adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs) and adult children of non-alcoholics (non-ACOAs) attending college. Using a sample of community college students, the relationships among irrational thinking, anxiety and career indecision were compared between ACOAs and non-ACOAs. ACOAs received significantly higher scores than non-ACOAs on state anxiety, p < .01, trait anxiety, p < .001. (as measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; Speilberger, Gorsuch, and Lushene, 1983.) Although both groups were similar in their overall levels of career indecision, there were significant relationships among irrational thinking, trait anxiety and career identity for ACOAs that were less present for non-ACOAs. Results of this study suggest career indecision may be more chronic and problematic for ACOAs than for non-ACOAs. 相似文献
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Educators of young children can enhance the development of a problem-solving thought process through daily activities in their
classrooms. An emphasis should be placed on the actual thought process needed to solve problems that occur in everyday living.
Educators can follow simple suggestions to create problem-solving situations for all ages of children. The process of thinking
through a problem and finding a solution is more important than traditional mathematics counting and memorizing useless facts.
Even very young children are capable of a problem-solving process that is on the appropriate developmental level. The problem-solving
process is constructivist in nature, as each individual perceives problems according to her or his background and developmental
levels. Educators need to make a conscious effort to capitalize on all stages of problem-solving thinking to enhance future
mathematical development. 相似文献