共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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试论PASS理论在学习困难研究中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文首先对PASS理论进行了简要介绍 ,在此基础上 ,就PASS理论在学习困难研究中的应用和研究现状展开了论述 ,其中应用部分重点介绍了DN—CAS认知评估系统。最后 ,对PASS理论在我国学习困难研究中的应用进行了展望。 相似文献
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PASS（Plan Attention Simultaneous Successive Processing） 理论和CHC（Cattell Horn
Carroll）理论是最近50 年提出的两种不同的认知理论,它们从不同角度和层面为现代智力发展研
究提供了理论和方法的指导。认知评估系统（CAS）是根据PASS 理论构建的。本文试图通过探索性
因素分析,结合CHC 理论对CAS 做相关统计分析,对学习困难儿童的筛选和干预提出建议。 相似文献
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特定学习障碍评估的差异与一致模式以PASS理论为基础,以认知评估系统为测量工具,对儿童的认知加工特点进行评估,根据儿童的认知加工劣势对其是否存在学习障碍进行诊断,为开展有针对性的干预提供依据.学习障碍评估的差异与一致模式实现了两个结合,即干预反应模式与基本心理加工过程测量相结合、基本心理加工过程测量结果与基于研究的认知干预相结合,在提高特定学习障碍诊断的准确性与干预的有效性方面具有突出特点.文章对差异与一致模式的理论基础与测量工具、组成要素及其关系、操作流程进行评述,对其特点及适用性进行分析. 相似文献
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智力的理论与测量研究是心理发展与教育中一项经久不衰的议题.认知心理学的蓬勃发展为智力研究提供了新的视角."计划-注意-同时性加工-继时性加工"PASS模型以信息加工心理学和Luria关于大脑机能分区的神经心理学观点为基石,强调智力由多种相互独立的认知过程构成,而不是一般因素的观点.以PASS为基础编制的实践工具--认知评估系统CAS和PASS补救方案PREP克服了传统智力测量工具的不足,为全面了解儿童的认知过程提供了有效的工具.文章将就此加以介绍和讨论. 相似文献
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阅读障碍会影响儿童的正常发展,国外一些研究基于PASS理论探讨了阅读障碍儿童的认知机制,证明了基于PASS理论对阅读障碍儿童干预的有效性。文章综述了PASS理论在阅读障碍儿童中的应用,比较了国内外基于PASS理论关于阅读障碍儿童认知机制的研究,并介绍了国外学者基于PASS理论设计的阅读障碍儿童认知干预方案,及一些对方案效果验证性的实验,为我国阅读障碍儿童的研究及干预提供借鉴。 相似文献
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PASS理论与组织策略 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文阐述了《组织与监控》学习策略训练模式与PASS理论中三个系统的关系,即注意系统与组织过程、认知加工系统与组织策略的执行、以及计划系统与组织过程的自我监控的关系。从中可以看出:⑴组织策略是为达到突显文本结构所采用的具体方法与技能,组织策略的执行过程是一种认知加工过程;⑵PASS理论是对认知加工过程所含因素的一种分解与阐释;⑶本文的论述既说明了PASS理论对任何认知加工过程的解释具有普适性,同时也说明《组织与监控》学习策略训练模式符合PASS理论的实质与内涵。 相似文献
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CHC理论及其在学习困难儿童评估与教育干预中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文介绍了CHc理论的基本内容以及建立在该理论基础上的认知能力评估系统.该理论构架对学习障碍儿童认知能力评估与策略干预有着重要的理论指导作用(1)利于确定个体差异的实质;(2)为教育干预策略提供有效依据;(3)利于促进学习困难的理论研究. 相似文献
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如何对数学学习困难儿童进行有效干预是很多教育工作者关心的问题。已有研究表明,工作记忆的缺陷是数学学习困难的根本原因。而基于认知负荷理论的教学设计正是针对人的工作记忆容量有限这一特点,利用多媒体来促进意义学习的完成。文章试图以工作记忆为桥梁,结合认知负荷理论,提出几条针对数学学习困难儿童的多媒体教学的干预措施,并指出了将来的研究方向。 相似文献
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PASS认知历程模式及其在阅读障碍儿童中的运用 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
本文介绍了认知过程的一种全新理论———PASS理论 ,并就PASS理论在阅读障碍儿童中的运用进行了论述 ,以期为我们的工作提供新的视角和思路。 相似文献
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刘翠娜 《乐山师范学院学报》2013,(12):111-115
近年来,我国对数学学习困难儿童的表现、诊断、认知特点等有了较多的研究,这为数学学习困难儿童的干预策略提供了基础。通过对我国数学学习困难儿童的教育干预研究进行综述,发现主要有知觉加工干预策略、工作记忆干预策略、问题表征干预策略和元记忆干预策略,并在借鉴国外数学学习困难研究的基础上,对我国未来数学学习困难的研究提供若干建议。 相似文献
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Mathematical learning difficulties and PASS cognitive processes 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
This study examined the relationships between mathematical learning difficulties (MLD) and the planning, attention, simultaneous, successive (PASS) theory of cognitive processing. The Cognitive Assessment System (CAS) was used to measure the PASS processes for a group of 267 Dutch students with MLD who attended either general or special education. The results showed that students with MLD performed lower than their peers on all CAS scales and that the MLD group contained many students with cognitive weaknesses in planning or successive processing. Moreover, students who had specific difficulties with the acquisition of basic math facts, the automatization of such facts, or word-problem solving were found to have distinct PASS cognitive profiles. In order to investigate the relationships between cognitive abilities and improvement in the mastery of basic math facts and problem solving, 165 of the students with MLD were given a special multiplication intervention. It appeared that the effectiveness of this particular intervention did not differ across the groups of students with specific cognitive weaknesses. 相似文献
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Zhang Shudong Yu Shuyuan Xiao Jing Liu Yunting Jiang Ting 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2022,20(7):1481-1498
International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education - Fractions are an important mathematical concept for elementary students. However, students with mathematics learning disabilities (MLD)... 相似文献
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Children with mathematics learning disabilities in Belgium 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
In Belgium, between 3% and 8% of the children in elementary schools have mathematics learning disabilities (MLD). Many of these children have less developed linguistic, procedural, and mental representation skills. Moreover, a majority of the children have been found to show inaccurate prediction and evaluation skills in Grade 3. MLD often become obvious in elementary school. Whereas some children are retained, others are referred to special education. During the last 10 years, the number of children in special education and the number of children with learning disabilities who are following a special guidance program in general education (inclusive education) have increased. Children in Belgium with MLD can get therapy for about 2 years. Nevertheless, many problems continue unresolved even in high school and adulthood. 相似文献
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Computational skills, working memory, and conceptual knowledge in older children with mathematics learning disabilities 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Knowledge and skill in multiplication were investigated for late elementary-grade students with mathematics learning disabilities (MLD), typically achieving age-matched peers, low-achieving age-matched peers, and ability-matched peers by examining multiple measures of computational skill, working memory, and conceptual knowledge. Poor multiplication fact mastery and calculation fluency and general working memory discriminated children with MLD from typically achieving age-matched peers. Furthermore, children with MLD were slower in executing backup procedures than typically achieving age-matched peers. The performance of children with MLD on multiple measures of multiplication skill and knowledge was most similar to that of ability-matched younger children. MLD may be due to difficulties in computational skills and working memory. Implications for the diagnosis and remediation of MLD are discussed. 相似文献
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Silvia Mayoral-Rodríguez Carme Timoneda-Gallart Frederic Pérez-Álvarez 《Cultura y Educación》2018,30(2):308-337
This study is based on PASS theory, which suggests that the cognitive process of Planning is responsible for developing metacognitive strategies. The aim is to verify the effect of stimulating the cognitive process of PASS Planning on secondary school students using two different methodologies, with experiential learning (inductive) being applied in one group and deductive learning in the other. The study also aims to verify if improvements are observed in student grades in maths and problem solving. A quantitative study with a quasi-experimental design was carried out with two experimental groups of 59 and 57 students and a control group of 57. The results confirm significant improvements in both experimental groups in relation to their capacity to plan after the stimulations sessions, regardless of the methodology used. Nevertheless, improved grades in maths and problem solving were only found in the group who were administered the experiential learning (inductive) method. The conclusion drawn is that these kinds of methodologies need to be promoted for the stimulation of Planning to have the desired effect on mathematics performance. 相似文献
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Xiao Zhang Pekka Räsänen Tuire Koponen Kaisa Aunola Marja-Kristiina Lerkkanen Jari-Erik Nurmi 《Child development》2020,91(1):7-27
Mathematical difficulties have been distinguished as mathematics learning disability (MLD) and persistent low achievement (LA). Based on 1,880 Finnish children who were followed from kindergarten (age 6) to fourth grade, this study examined the early risk factors for MLD and LA. Distinct groups of MLD (6.0% of the sample) and LA (25.7%) children were identified on the basis of their mathematics performance between first and fourth grades with latent class growth modeling. Impairment in the same set of cognitive skills, including language, spatial, and counting skills, was found to underlie MLD and LA. The finding highlights the importance of monitoring mathematical development across the early grades and identifying early cognitive precursors of MLD and LA for screening and intervention efforts. 相似文献
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Many children have significant mathematical learning disabilities (MLD, or dyscalculia) despite adequate schooling. The current study hypothesizes that MLD partly results from a deficiency in the Approximate Number System (ANS) that supports nonverbal numerical representations across species and throughout development. In this study of 71 ninth graders, it is shown that students with MLD have significantly poorer ANS precision than students in all other mathematics achievement groups (low, typically, and high achieving), as measured by psychophysical assessments of ANS acuity (w) and of the mappings between ANS representations and number words (cv). This relation persists even when controlling for domain-general abilities. Furthermore, this ANS precision does not differentiate low-achieving from typically achieving students, suggesting an ANS deficit that is specific to MLD. 相似文献
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The current study aimed at identifying the difficulties experienced by children with mathematics learning disability (MLD) in the problem representation phase of arithmetic word problem solving using a novel problem types identification task. An MLD group (n = 66) and a typically achieving control group (n = 139) were recruited for an assessment on problem type identification as well as some domain-general and mathematics-related cognitive abilities. Results from ANCOVA showed that the MLD group scored significantly lower than the typically achieving control group on this assessment, after controlling for the effect of cognitive correlates, reading achievement and arithmetic performance. Furthermore, this assessment significantly predicted MLD membership even after taking children's arithmetic competency into account. The current study confirmed the difficulties in problem representation of arithmetic word problems experienced by students with MLD and provided evidence for the need to introduce schema instructions in mathematics classes. 相似文献