共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
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家蚕从基因组到蛋白质组的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
家蚕基因组计划实施以来,用DNA限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)、随机扩增片段多态性(RAPD)、扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)、微卫星序列长度多态性(SSR)等多种分子标记技术进行了家蚕基因组多态性分析,构建了家蚕分子连锁图谱;开展了家蚕基因组序列测定和功能基因的研究.在后基因组时代,蛋白质组研究是基因功能研究的重要内容.家蚕蛋白质组研究虽然刚刚起步,但已确立了家蚕蛋白质样品制备方法,利用双向电泳技术和图像分析技术进行了家蚕功能蛋白质研究.该文对家蚕基因组和蛋白质组的研究进展进行了综述. 相似文献
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目的:建立广西产地钱(Marchantia polymorpha L.)拳卷地钱(Marchantia convoluta gao et chang.)和粗裂地钱(Marchantia paleacea Bertol.)的分子鉴别方法。方法:利用RAPD(random amplified polymorphic DNA)技术。结果:采用改良的CTAB法提取地钱、拳卷地钱、粗裂地钱3种植物的总DNA均适用于22引物对供试材料DNA进行随机扩增,共扩增出145条谱带,多态性条带128条,占扩增总条带的88.3%,平均多态性百分率为89.8%;三种地钱遗传距离为0.3713-0.4107、Nei′s遗传一致度为0.5893-0.6287。结论:RAPD技术对广西产地钱、拳卷地钱、粗裂地钱进行分子鉴定是有效的。RAPD分析。 相似文献
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利用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术分析了14种仲彬草属Kengyilia植物的种间关系。对34个OPRON公司十聚体随机引物进行多态性筛选,20个(58．8％)能产生多态性。14个引物产生的112个DNA片断,用于计算种间Jaccard遗传相似性系数分析,在NTSYS程序中利用UPGMA构建系统发育树状图。分析结果表明：(1)14个Kengyilia物种存在较大的遗传多样性;(2)青藏高原的物种与新疆的物种 的RAPD变异极大;(3)形态相似、地理分布一致的物种有一定的亲缘关系,聚类在一起;(4)RAPD结果与形态学和细胞学等分析结果一致。RAPD分析方法将为Kengyilia系统分类提供DNA水平上丰富的资料。 相似文献
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综述分子标记在大麦耐非生物胁迫研究中的应用及其研究进展,包括发育基因效应、野生种或地方种的变异、遗传(QTLs)图谱等。现代引种和育种过程引起物种的遗传变异趋于狭窄、多样性减少,由此可能加重疾病、害虫和非生物胁迫等危害的潜在威胁。发育基因对环境胁迫具有较强的多态性效应;野生大麦和原始地方种为提高耐胁迫性提供了丰富的遗传变异资源。大麦遗传多样性的分离鉴定、遗传图谱构建、及数量性状位点(QTL)分析和分子标记辅助选择,将有助于更好地利用野生种质优良抗性,更有效的选择耐(抗)性基因型。文末从正反两方面简要讨论了分子标记在大麦耐非生物胁迫遗传育种研究中作用。 相似文献
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茶小绿叶蝉优势种的归属的分子依据 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从中国农业科学院茶叶研究所的国家茶树资源圃随机采集茶小绿叶蝉个体,用RAPD标记技术,拟从DNA水平上探索茶小绿叶蝉个体间的遗传距离和亲缘关系,为茶小绿叶蝉优势种的归属提供分子水平上的依据。所选的14个随机引物共扩增出81条谱带,59条多态性条带,多态性为72．84％,表明叶蝉个体间有较丰富的遗传多样性,但未发现可以区别不同种的特异性条带和引物。UPGMA法聚类分析也表明,叶蝉个体间遗传距离在0．17～0．46之间,说明茶小绿叶蝉的遗传基础较一致,存在异种的可能性几乎没有。本文为茶小绿叶蝉的优势种的归属提供了一定的分子基础,结合前人对茶小绿叶蝉的形态学研究,认为茶小绿叶蝉的优势种为假眼小绿叶蝉,小绿叶蝉未在茶园中未形成种群。 相似文献
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研究了红水河野生鳙Aristichthys nobilis上游、中游和下游3个群体29个个体的线粒体控制区(D-loop)和细胞色素b(Cyt b)基因序列,通过PCR扩增与测序,分别获得了长度为823bp和1090 bp的D-loop和Cyt b基因片段。分析表明,D-loop序列共定义了15个单倍型,存在17个多态位点,发生转换4次,插入/缺失13次。Cyt b序列共定义了5个单倍型,存在7个多态性位点,发生转换2次,插入/缺失5次。两序列分析结果表明,群体间和群体内遗传距离较小,遗传变异的分子变异等级不显著。上、中、下游均有共享单倍型,3个群体间遗传分化不大。 相似文献
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Twenty isolates ofMycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to rifampicin(RIF), isoniazid(INH) and streptomycin(STR) were analysed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification
of rpoB, katG and rrs genes to evaluate comparative diagnostic significance of genetic assays. Mutations were identified by
single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and cleavase fragment length polymorphism (CFLP) and were confirmed by DNA
sequencing. SSCP of 4 RIF resistant and 14 INH resistant isolates showed an extra peak at the level of 75-bp and 85-bp respectively,
while 2 STR resistant isolates showed 2 peaks with 9 bases difference. CFLP showed a different pattern among RIF, INH and
STR sensitive and resistant isolates Thus SSCP and CFLP can be used as alternative diagnostic methods for identification of
mutations in RIF, INH and STR resistant strains of M.tuberculosis. 相似文献
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BackgroundPenthorum chinense Pursh (P. chinense) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plant, which has long been used for the prevention and treatment of hepatic diseases. This study aimed to genetically characterize the varieties of P. chinense from different geographic localities of China by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR technique and verified with inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers.ResultsThe P. chinense samples were collected from nine different geographic localities. Previously improved RAPD and ISSR markers were utilized for genetic analysis using DNA amplification. The genetic relationship dendrogram was obtained by conducting cluster analysis to the similarity coefficient of improved RAPD and ISSR markers. Improved RAPD yielded 185 scorable amplified products, of which 68.6% of the bands were polymorphic, with an average amplification of 9.25 bands per primer. The ISSR markers revealed 156 alleles with 7.8 bands per primers, where 59.7% bands were polymorphic. Furthermore, the similarity coefficient ranges of RAPD and ISSR markers were 0.71–0.91 and 0.66–0.89, respectively.ConclusionsThis study indicated that improved RAPD and ISSR methods are useful tools for evaluating the genetic diversity and characterizing P. chinense. Our findings can provide the theoretical basis for cultivar identification, standardization, and molecular-assisted breeding of P. chinense for medicinal use. 相似文献
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《Electronic Journal of Biotechnology》2014,17(6):268-274
BackgroundGenetic diversity and genetic variation of 10 populations and subpopulations of Magnolia wufengensis, a new and endangered endemic species, were examined by inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) molecular markers. Compared with other endangered endemic Magnolia taxa, M. wufengensis holds a relatively high level of genetic variation.ResultTotal genetic diversity was found to be 87.7% for ISSR and 88.0% for SRAP markers. For polymorphic loci (P), the effective mean number of alleles (Ae) was 1.414 for ISSR markers and 1.458 for SRAP markers, while the mean expected heterozygosity (H) was 0.256 using ISSR and 0.291 for SRAP markers. Within-population variation was estimated for P as 74.9% using ISSR and 74.6% with SRAP markers; the number of alleles Ae was 1.379 with ISSR and 1.397 for SRAP and H 0.235 with ISSR and 0.247 for SRAP markers.ConclusionThe analysis of molecular variation of both ISSR and SRAP marker systems indicated that most genetic variation is within populations, with values of 90.64% and 82.92% respectively. Mantel tests indicated a moderate association between the two marker systems and a low correlation between genetic and geographic distances. High levels of genetic diversity and low levels of population divergence suggest that genetic drift is not currently of great concern for this species. Severe habitat loss and fragmentation, predominantly ascribed to anthropogenic pressures, caused in-situ developing restriction of this species. Action for conserving this rare species for its long-term survival should be taken immediately. 相似文献
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R. Dhananjayan T. Malati Y. Rupasree Vijay Kumar Kutala 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2015,30(3):263-270
The present work was aimed to study the association of one carbon genetic variants, hyperhomocysteinemia and oxidative stress markers, i.e., serum nitrite, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) on intimal medial thickening (IMT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). A total number of 76 subjects from ACS Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India were included in the study, i.e., Group I (n = 42) of T2D and Group II (n = 34) of age- and sex matched healthy controls. The glycated haemoglobin was measured by ion-exchange resin method; plasma homocysteine by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay method; serum nitrite (nitric oxide, NO), plasma MDA and GSH by spectrophotometric methods; the IMT by high frequency ultrasound. The polymorphisms of one carbon genetic variants were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and amplified fragment length polymorphism methods. Results indicate that methyltetrahydrofolate homocysteine methyl transferase (MTR) A2756G allele was found to be protective in T2D and the other variants were not significantly associated with T2D. Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCP II) C1561T (r = 0.34; p = 0.05) and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T (r = 0.35; 0.04) showed positive correlation with plasma homocysteine in T2D cases. In this study, MTR A2756G allele was found to be protective in T2D; GCP II C1561T and MTHFR C677T showed positive association with plasma homocysteine in T2D cases. Among all the genetic variants, MTR A2756G was found influence IMT. RFC 1 G80A and TYMS 5′-UTR 2R3R showed synergistically interact with MTR A2756G in influencing increase in IMT. 相似文献
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茶树EST资源中SSR的信息分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
从NCBI公共数据库下载获得1989条茶树EST,去除其中的低质量的和冗余的序列,得到全长为734．54 kb的1589条无冗余EST。共在这些序列中发掘出了281个EST-SSR,分布于246条EST中,出现频率是17．68%。这些EST-SSR的平均长度为33．06 bp,平均分布频率是1/2．61 kb。茶树EST—SSR中,二核苷酸重复是主要的重复类型,出现最多的重复基元类型是AG/CT重复。本研究为茶树EST-SSR标记的建立和进一步应用奠定了基础。 相似文献