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1.
文章旨在探索太极拳这项传统养生保健锻炼的动态习练过程中心血管自主神经活动的调节特点。主要采用选择习练太极拳2年以上的受试对象49名,其中大学生组30名,年龄18-25岁;中老年组19名,年龄53-70岁。采用超小型便携式动态心电记录盒完整记录受试者在太极拳习练过程中的心电信号,观察太极拳习练过程中太极拳动态习练过程中短时程HRV频域指标,分析交感和副交感神经调节的变化。研究表明,在20min习练太极拳过程中,两组VLF、VL(除中老年组LF进行性降低外)均先降低后上升,但均显著低于休息状态水平;两组HF均进行性降低且显著低于休息状态的HF水平;中老年组的LF/HF进行性降低但变化不明显,大学生组LF/HF在运动过程中先降低后回升且前15min显著降低。结论在习练过程中,随着心率的加快,交感神经活动水平与副交感神经活动水平均较静息状态时降低,但降低幅度不同,交感-副交感神经的均衡性当中始终是以副交感神经活动占主导优势。 相似文献
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运动对老年小鼠骨代谢及生物力学指标的影响 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
目的:探讨运动对衰退骨组织的结构和功能的影响作用及与衰老的关系。方法:40只12月龄清洁级雄性昆明小鼠,随机分成老年对照组、10min运动组、20min运动组和40min运动组,分别实施12周不同的运动方案,10只3月龄和10只7月龄清洁级雄性昆明小鼠分别作为青年和成年对照组。采用固体物理密度仪测定骨密度,骨生物力学测量仪测定最大载荷、最大应力、模量和能量。结果:1)运动各组与老年对照组相比,运动各组间相比ALP均无显著性差异;与老年对照组相比,10min、20min运动组骨密度升高(P=0.067,P=0.071);2)与老年对照组分别相比,青年对照组、成年对照组最大载荷、最大应力和模量均显著升高(P<0.01);运动各组与老年对照组分别相比,20min运动组的最大载荷、最大应力、模量和能量值均升高于老年对照组(P<0.01、P<0.05),运动各组组间相比,20min运动组的最大载荷和最大应力高于10min运动组(P<0.01、P<0.05),也高于40min运动组(P<0.05)。结论:1)适宜负荷的游泳训练可促进骨的矿化;2)游泳对骨生物力学指标的影响与运动负荷有关,适度负荷的的游泳运动可较好改善骨生物力学综合性能,运动负荷不足或负荷过大都无法优化运动效应;3)适宜的运动能显著改善骨代谢,改善骨的结构和功能,促进骨生物力学指标的优化,这对延缓骨细胞衰老和骨组织的功能衰减具有积极意义。 相似文献
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为探讨高血压病的发病机理及体育锻炼防治高血压病的自主神经机制,以大鼠为实验对象,随机分为正常对照组(健康SD大鼠)、高血压对照组和高血压运动组(自发性高血压大鼠),并对高血压运动组大鼠实施8周中等强度的游泳训练.分别从自主神经中枢、外周神经递质,以及自主神经对脏器的调节功能三个层面,分析实验前后各组大鼠交感神经和副交感神经之间的平衡状态改变.发现,8周中等强度的游泳运动可明显延缓高血压大鼠的血压上升趋势.与运动干预前相比,高血压运动组大鼠的动脉压力反射敏感性、心交感神经和心迷走神经紧张性变异程度、心肌乙酰胆碱均明显增加,而血浆和心肌去甲肾上腺素明显下降.高血压对照组大鼠延髓头端腹外侧核(RVLM)内γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量明显低于正常大鼠,而高血压运动组大鼠的RVLM内GABA含量略低于正常大鼠,且明显高于高血压对照组,提示RVLM内GABA含量与高血压的发生发展存在一定的联系.上述研究结果说明,心血管自主神经失衡是高血压病的发病机制之一,长期有规律的有氧运动可改善高血压病个体的心血管自主神经失衡状态,这种心血管自主神经平衡状态的改变与中枢γ-氨基丁酸能神经的重塑有关. 相似文献
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目的:探索长期高强度间歇训练(HIIT)对中年大鼠比目鱼肌蛋白合成和蛋白降解的影响,为其在骨骼肌健康促进中的作用提供机制性的解释。方法:24只9月龄Wistar大鼠随机分为安静组(C)、中等强度持续训练组(M)和HIIT组(H),每组各8只。C组大鼠正常饮食生活,无运动训练;M组进行60%·VO2max强度的持续运动,共50 min;H组进行80%·VO2max和40%V·O2max的高低强度间歇运动,各3 min,重复6次,热身和恢复以60%V·O2max的强度进行,各7 min。运动组每周训练5次,共12周。运动干预结束后取比目鱼肌,称湿重,western blot检测比目鱼肌蛋白合成、泛素蛋白酶体关键组分和细胞自噬相关蛋白的表达,电镜观察自噬体结构。结果:相比C组:M和H组的比目鱼肌湿重均有所提高(P<0.05);H组mTORSer2448、P70 S6KThr389磷酸化水平提高(P<0.05),M组P70 S6KThr389磷酸化水平提高(P<0.05),两个运动组的AktSer473磷酸化表达均无显著变化(P>0.05);H组MAFbx蛋白含量有降低的趋势(P=0.052),自噬体生成增加,且LC3II和COXIV蛋白表达提高(P<0.01,P<0.05),M组LC3II蛋白表达提高(P<0.001),但运动组泛素化蛋白、MuRF-1、LC3II/LC3I、P62、ULK1Ser757磷酸化水平、Beclin-1、PGC-1α的蛋白表达均无变化(P>0.05)。结论:HIIT可促进中年大鼠比目鱼肌质量的提高,可能是蛋白合成提高,MAFbx蛋白表达降低及基础自噬水平激活共同作用的结果。 相似文献
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目的:探讨有氧运动对糖尿病大鼠心脏自主神经病变的影响。方法:42只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、糖尿病组、糖尿病+有氧运动组,腹腔内注射链脲佐菌素制备糖尿病大鼠模型。糖尿病成模16周后有氧运动组大鼠进行12周跑台运动。之后所有成活大鼠分别利用心率变异性评估大鼠的电生理特性,利用免疫组化和RT-PCR法检测左心室心肌胆碱乙酰基转移酶(ChAT,标记迷走神经)和酪氨酸羟化酶(TH,标记交感神经)阳性神经纤维及其相应的mRNA表达水平。结果:与对照组大鼠相比,糖尿病大鼠心肌ChAT和TH阳性神经纤维的密度及mRNA明显降低(P<0.01),SDNN、LF、HF等指标均降低,反映交感神经活性的LF/HF比例显著增加。有氧运动干预后糖尿病大鼠心肌内ChAT和TH阳性神经纤维的密度仍低于对照组,但显著高于单纯糖尿病组(P<0.05),且ChAT/TH神经纤维比例显著增加,LF/HF比例降低。结论:有氧运动可降低持续高血糖状态对大鼠心脏交感、迷走神经的损伤,增加迷走神经支配比例,恢复迷走神经与交感神经的平衡状态,从而显著改善糖尿病心脏自主神经病变。 相似文献
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目的:观察补充月季花色素对运动性氧化应激损伤的影响并探讨其可能作用机制。方法:雄性SD大鼠40只随机分为安静对照组(CG)、运动组(EG0h、EG48h)、运动+补药组(ER0h、ER48h),每组8只。EG、ER组进行递增负荷跑台运动4周,ER组每天给予月季花色素1ml/100g体重灌胃。训练结束后按组别取材,测定血清CK、LDH的活性,肌组织中MDA、SOD的活性。结果:(1)EG组运动后血清CK、LDH活性均显著升高(P<0.05),运动后48h仍高于CG组(P<0.05);ER组运动后48h血清CK、LDH活性均明显低于EG组(P<0.05)。(2)EG组运动后肌组织中MDA的含量明显升高(P<0.05),SOD的活性显著降低(P<0.05);ER组运动后即刻、48h肌组织中MDA的含量明显低于EG组(P<0.05),SOD活性均高于EG即刻、48h组(P<0.05)。结论:补充月季花色素可明显抑制运动肌组织中脂质过氧化反应,降低血清肌肉酶的活性,提示月季花色素对运动性氧化应激损伤具有一定的抑制作用。 相似文献
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目的近些年来,加压训练因其显著的增肌效果而受到关注。但是,不同程度的血流限制对生长激素、睾酮等与增肌效果密切相关的合成类激素的影响目前还没有明确的研究结果。为此,观察了普通人在4种不同血流限制压力条件下,训练前后血清生长激素、睾酮等激素的变化,为今后进行加压训练时选择适宜压力提供实验依据。方法以10名健康成年男性为实验对象,在不同日期的同一时间点,分别在上肢0 mmHg、下肢0 mmHg(对照组),上肢100 mmHg、下肢140 mmHg(低压组),上肢140 mmHg、下肢180 mmHg(中压组),上肢180 mmHg、下肢220 mmHg(高压组)4种压力条件下,进行4组30%1RM的深蹲、屈臂、伸臂运动。每组均要求尽力完成30次(如完不成则做到力竭为止)。在运动前后测量上肢围度,并取肘静脉血测量生长激素和睾酮。而在运动后第2 min测指血血乳酸浓度,并记录主观疲劳度。结果1)3个加压组完成的总负荷均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),高压组显著低于低压组和中压组(P<0.05),而后二者之间无显著差异。2)各组间运动后血乳酸无显著差异,但3个加压组上肢放松围变化幅度和主观疲劳度均显著高于对照组(P<0.001)。其中,高压组的放松围变化显著低于低压组和中压组,高压组的主观疲劳度显著高于低压组和中压组P<0.05),而后二者之间无显著差异。3)运动后,4组的生长激素均显著增加(P<0.001)。其中,3个加压组的变化幅度显著大于对照组(P<0.05),低压组和中压组显著高于高压组(P<0.05),而低压组和中压组之间无显著性差异。4)对照组(的血睾酮)在运动前后无显著变化,而3个加压组均显著上升(P<0.05),但相互间均无显著差异。结论在以普通健康成年人为研究对象的低强度抗阻加压运动中,上肢压力为100~140 mmHg,下肢压力为140~180 mmHg的血流限制条件下,肌肉肿胀效应更加显著,生长激素、血睾酮等与增肌效果密切相关的合成类激素指标显著增加,同时疲劳感相对较小。 相似文献
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观察短期冲刺间歇训练对运动员运动中肌氧含量以及运动能力的影响,为科学合理制定训练计划提供依据。将30名青年男子篮球运动员随机分为实验组(EG,n=15名)和对照组(CG,n=15名)。CG运动员正常训练,EG在正常训练基础上每周进行2次冲刺间歇训练,实验周期为4周。分别于实验前后利用递增负荷实验测定有氧运动能力;30 s Wingate实验测定无氧运动能力;近红外光谱测定技术(NIRS)监测高强度间歇运动实验中(反复5次30 s Wingate实验,间歇期4 min)股外侧肌氧含量的变化。结果显示:实验后,组内与实验前比较,EG受试者递增负荷实验时的最大摄氧量和最大有氧功率升高(P<0.05),1次Wingate实验时的峰值功率和平均功率增加(P<0.05),间歇运动实验中氧合血红蛋白和氧合肌红蛋白、脱氧血红蛋白和脱氧肌红蛋白以及组织氧合指数变化量的绝对值均显著性升高(P<0.05),血红蛋白总量无显著性改变(P>0.05);CG受试者所有指标均无显著性变化(P>0.05)。结果表明:短期冲刺间歇训练改善了青年男子篮球运动员有氧、无氧运动能力以及间歇运动时外周骨骼肌的摄氧能力。 相似文献
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探讨力竭性运动引起的氧化应激对肠功能的影响及运动性肠功能紊乱的原因,32只SD雄性大鼠随机分为4组:即对照组(C);运动后即刻组EX;运动后30min组(EX30);运动后60min组(EX60),测定力竭性游泳后不同时相肠组织匀浆MDA、游离巯基和ATP含量。结果:运动后肠组织MDA含量在运动后30min、60min显著性增加(P<0.01);运动后Free-SH含量在运动后30min(P<0.05)和运动后60min后(P<0.01)显著下降;运动后30min组ATP含量显著下降(P<0.01);运动后30min,Ca2+-ATPase活性下降(P<0.05);运动后60min,Na+-K+-AT-Pase和Ca2+-ATPase活性均显著下降(P<0.05)。结论:运动源性自由基产生增加,使肠组织中游离巯基被氧化,导致ATP含量下降,Na+-K+-ATPase和Ca2+-ATPase活性下降,可能是造成运动性肠功能紊乱的重要因素之一。 相似文献
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目的:探究冷水浴对延迟性肌肉酸痛(DOMS)患者膝关节本体感觉的干预效果及作用机制。方法:采用随机对照试验,24名男性二级短跑运动员随机分为冷水浴干预组(n=12)和静坐对照组(n=12)。经离心运动诱发下肢肌群出现DOMS,静坐休息5min后进行冷水干预或静坐。分别在运动前、运动后24h、48h、72h、96h测量受试者的左大腿围度、自觉疼痛程度、左腿股四头肌最大等长肌力以及左腿膝关节本体感觉(位置觉+肌肉力觉)。在运动前、运动后即刻(0min)、5min、10min、15min分别测量血乳酸值。结果:(1)离心运动后即刻,两组大腿围度均显著性增加(P<0.05),运动后24h、48h、72h,CWI组的左大腿围度显著低于CON组(P<0.01);(2)离心运动后即刻,两组自觉疼痛程度均显著性增加,运动后24h、72h,CWI组的疼痛程度显著性低于CON组(P<0.01);(3)离心运动后即刻,两组血乳酸值均出现显著性上升(P<0.05),运动后0min~15min,两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05);(4)离心运动后即刻,两组的左腿MVIC均出现显著性下降(P<0.05),运动后24h~96h,CWI组MVIC显著高于CON组(P<0.01),(5)离心运动后即刻,两组左腿的本体感觉(主、被动位置觉、肌肉力觉)均出现显著性下降(P<0.05);运动后24h~96h,CWI组的主动位置觉显著高于CON组(P<0.01),运动后72h,CWI组的被动位置觉显著低于CON组(P<0.01),其他时间点(24h、48h、96h)无显著性差异(P>0.05),运动后24h~96h,CWI组的肌肉力觉显著高于CON组(P<0.01)。结论:冷水浴是运动训练或比赛后快速减轻DOMS症状的有效手段,有利于肌肉肿胀的恢复、减轻疼痛感、促进工作肌肉最大等长肌力及该肌肉所附着关节的本体感觉的恢复,总体有利于减轻DOMS症状。 相似文献
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Marina Lívia Venturini Ferreira Amanda Veiga Sardeli Giovana Vergínia De Souza Valéria Bonganha Lucas Do Carmo Santos Alex Castro 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(24):2412-2420
This study investigated the autonomic and haemodynamic responses to different aerobic exercise loads, with and without blood flow restriction (BFR). In a crossover study, 21 older adults (8 males and 13 females) completed different aerobic exercise sessions: low load without BFR (LL) (40% VO2max), low load with BFR (LL-BFR) (40% VO2max + 50% BFR) and high load without BFR (HL) (70% VO2max). Heart rate variability and haemodynamic responses were recorded during rest and throughout 30 min of recovery. HL reduced R–R interval, the root mean square of successive difference of R–R intervals and high frequency during 30 min of recovery at a greater magnitude compared with LL and LL-BFR. Sympathetic–vagal balance increased the values for HL during 30 min of recovery at a greater magnitude when compared with LL and LL-BFR. Post-exercise haemodynamic showed reduced values of double product at 30 min of recovery compared to rest in LL-BFR, while HL showed higher values compared to rest, LL-BFR and LL. Reduced systolic blood pressure was observed for LL-BFR (30 min) compared to rest. Autonomic and haemodynamic responses indicate lower cardiovascular stress after LL-BFR compared to HL, being this method, besides the functional adaptations, a potential choice to attenuate the cardiovascular stress after exercise in older adults. 相似文献
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A shorter set reduces the loss of cardiac autonomic and baroreflex control after resistance exercise
Xián Mayo Eduardo Carballeira-Fernández Miguel Fernández-Del-Olmo 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):996-1004
Set configuration may affect the recovery pattern of cardiac vagal autonomic and reflex modulation after a resistance exercise, since it is closely associated with intensity and volume and determines the metabolic involvement of the session. We tested the hypothesis that longer set configurations have a higher impact on cardiac autonomic control and baroreflex sensitivity compared with shorter set configurations. We studied the effects of three set configurations with the same components of work on the cardiac autonomic control and baroreflex sensitivity. Seventeen subjects performed one control session and three experimental sessions of a leg-press exercise with the same volume (40 repetitions), resting time (720?s) and intensity (10RM load): (a) 5 sets of 8 repetitions with 3?min of rest between sets (8S), (b) 10 sets of 4 repetitions with 80?s of rest between sets (4S) and (c) 40 sets of 1 repetition with 18.5?s of rest between each repetition (1S). Longer set configurations (8S and 4S) induced greater reductions of the vagal cardiac autonomic control and baroreflex sensitivity (p?≤?.001) compared with a shorter set configuration (1S). Also, 1S had non-significant reductions versus the control session (p?>?.05). These findings suggest that a shorter set configuration can reduce the impact of resistance exercise on the post-exercise cardiac vagal autonomic control and baroreflex sensitivity. 相似文献
13.
有氧运动对大鼠心血管自主神经调节功能的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
首先对心率变异性（HRV）和动脉压力反射敏感性（BRS）的测试分析方法进行了选取和改进,然后以正常大鼠为实验对象,观察比较尾动脉血压、脉搏、左室内压、心肌收缩力、心率变异性、动脉压力反射敏感性等指标在8周中等强度游泳运动组大鼠和和安静对照组大鼠之间的差异,旨在分析长期参加有氧运动对心血管自主神经调节功能的影响,为心血管自主神经平衡状态发生改变提供实验证据。研究发现,与对照组大鼠相比,运动组大鼠心肌出现肥大、心脏泵血功能增强、心交感神经介导的动脉压力反射敏感性升高、心迷走神经介导的动脉压力反射敏感性未受影响、心交感神经紧张性变异和心迷走神经紧张性变异程度均增加。研究结果提示,长期有氧运动可增强心血管自主神经的调节功能,使交感神经和副交感神经的协调与对抗关系在一个更高的功能层面上建立新的平衡。 相似文献
14.
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effect of cigarette smoking on cardiac autonomic function in young adult smokers during dynamic exercise. Fourteen healthy young smokers (21.4 ± 3.4 years) performed peak and submaximal exercise protocols under control and smoking conditions. Resting and submaximal beat-to-beat R-R series were recorded and spectrally decomposed using the fast Fourier transformation. Smoking resulted in a significant decrease in work time, [Vdot]O2peak and peak O2 pulse (P < 0.05). Heart rate increased at rest and during submaximal exercise after smoking (P < 0.05). The raw high frequency and low frequency power were significantly reduced by smoking, both at rest and during exercise (P < 0.05). The low to high frequency ratio was higher after smoking (P < 0.05). The normalised low frequency power was also significantly increased by smoking, but only at rest (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that the tachycardic effect elicited by smoking is accompanied by acute changes in heart rate spectral components both at rest and during exercise. Therefore, the cardiac autonomic control is altered by smoking not only at rest, but also during exercise, resulting in reduced vagal modulation and increased sympathetic dominance. 相似文献
15.
Maximal-intensity isometric and dynamic exercise performance after eccentric muscle actions 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
A well-documented observation after eccentric exercise is a reduction in maximal voluntary force. However, little is known about the ability to maintain maximal isometric force or generate and maintain dynamic peak power. These aspects of muscle function were studied in seven participants (5 males, 2 females). Knee extensor isometric strength and rate of fatigue were assessed by a sustained 60 s maximal voluntary contraction at 80 degrees and 40 degrees knee flexion, corresponding to an optimal and a shortened muscle length, respectively. Dynamic peak power and rate of fatigue were assessed during a 30 s Wingate cycle test. Plasma creatine kinase was measured from a fingertip blood sample. These variables were measured before, 1 h after and 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after 100 repetitions of the eccentric phase of the barbell squat exercise (10 sets x 10 reps at 80% concentric one-repetition maximum). Eccentric exercise resulted in elevations in creatine kinase activity above baseline (274+/-109 U x l(-1); mean +/- s(x)) after 1 h (506+/-116 U x l(-1), P < 0.05) and 1 day (808+/-117 U x l(-1), P < 0.05). Isometric strength was reduced (P < 0.05) for 7 days (35% at 1 h, 5% at day 7) and the rate of fatigue was lower (P < 0.05) for 3 days at 80 degrees and for 1 day at 40 degrees. Wingate peak power was reduced to a lesser extent (P < 0.05) than isometric strength at 1 h (13%) and, although the time course of recovery was equal, the two variables differed in their pattern of recovery. Eccentrically exercised muscle was characterized by an inability to generate high force and power, but an improved ability to maintain force and power. Such functional outcomes are consistent with the proposition that type II fibres are selectively recruited or damaged during eccentric exercise. 相似文献
16.
Sympathoadrenal and parasympathetic responses to exercise 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
N Holmqvist N H Secher K Sander-Jensen U Knigge J Warberg T W Schwartz 《Journal of sports sciences》1986,4(2):123-128
Exhaustive exercise is associated with a persistent sensation of weakness and sometimes nausea suggesting abdominal vagal activity. We measured plasma indices of sympathoadrenal (adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine) and vagal (pancreatic polypeptide) activity before, during and after submaximal and maximal exercise in healthy young subjects. Plasma adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine increased to 8.5 (range 7.4-40.5), 48.0 (32.3-100.5) and 1.8 (1.2-6.6) nmol 1-1 respectively (n = 5), during maximal exercise and decreased towards control values within 15 min of rest. Pancreatic polypeptide (n = 10) increased only during maximal exercise and reached its highest value, 48 (21-145) pmol 1-1, after exertion. The results conform to an increase in sympathetic activity during exercise and a persistent vagal activity after intense exercise which could contribute to the sensation of weakness. 相似文献
17.
Mauricio Garzon Olivier Dupuy Laurent Bosquet Anil Nigam Alain Steve Comtois Martin Juneau 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(3):310-316
This study compared heart rate recovery (HRR) after incremental maximal exercise performed at the same external power output (Pext) on dry land ergocycle (DE) vs. immersible ergocycle (IE). Fifteen young healthy participants (30?±?7 years, 13 men and 2 women) performed incremental maximal exercise tests on DE and on IE. The initial Pext on DE was 25?W and was increased by 25?W/min at a pedalling cadence between 60 and 80?rpm, while during IE immersion at chest level in thermoneutral water (30°C), the initial Pext deployment was at a cadence of 40?rpm which was increased by 10?rpm until 70?rpm and thereafter by 5?rpm until exhaustion. Gas exchange and heart rate (HR) were measured continuously during exercise and recovery for 5?min. Maximal HR (DE: 176?±?15 vs. IE 169?±?12?bpm) reached by the subjects in the two conditions did not differ (P?>?.05). Parasympathetic reactivation parameters (ΔHR from 10 to 300?s) were compared during the DE and IE HR recovery recordings. During the IE recovery, parasympathetic reactivation in the early phase was more predominant (HRR at Δ10–Δ60?s, P?<?.05), but similar in the late phase (HRR at Δ120–Δ300?s, P?>?.05) when compared to the DE condition. In conclusion, incremental maximal IE exercise at chest level immersion in thermoneutral water accelerates the early phase parasympathetic reactivation compared to DE in healthy young participants. 相似文献
18.
AbstractThis study examined the influence of match-related fatigue on physical and technical skill performance in ball playing positions at two different levels of rugby league competition. Time-motion analyses were performed using global positioning systems from 6 elite National Rugby League (NRL) and 11 junior elite National Youth Competition (NYC) players from 45 matches. A standardised 5-point technical coding criteria was used to qualitatively assess skill involvements during match-play. The distance travelled in the 0–5 and 40–45 min period were significantly higher compared to the 30–35, 35–40, 70–75 and 75–80 min periods (P < 0.001). Skill rating and involvements were higher in the 0–5 and 40–45 min compared to 70–75 and 75–80 min periods (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).There was no significant difference in the number of physical collisions between the 5-min periods (P = 0.051). Following the peak 5-min bout of exercise intensity there were reductions in distance (P < 0.001), quality of skill involvements (P < 0.001), number of involvements (P < 0.001) and collisions (P < 0.001). Elite NRL and NYC “ball players” exhibit reductions in physical performance towards the end of matches and following brief periods of intense exercise. There also appears to be a reduction in technical performance for NRL and NYC ball players, which may be attributable to match-related fatigue. 相似文献
19.
The purpose of the study was to investigate the current use of blood flow restriction (BFR) by practitioners during exercise/training. A questionnaire was developed and data were obtained from 250 participants, with 115 stating that they had prescribed BFR as an intervention. The most common exercise intervention used in combination with BFR was resistance exercise (99/115), followed by during passive (30/115) conditions, and during aerobic exercise (22/115). The main outcome measure for using the technique was to increase muscle mass (32.6%) followed by rehabilitation from injury (24.2%). Over half of respondents (57.4%) reported that they did not use the same cuff widths for the lower body and upper body, with varying final restriction pressures also being utilised during each different exercise modality. Most practitioners performed the technique for ~10 min each training session, 1–4 times per week. Eighty percent of practitioners rated the use of BFR as very good-excellent. The incidence rate of side effects was largest for delayed onset muscle soreness (39.2%), numbness (18.5%), fainting/dizziness (14.6%) and bruising (13.1%). These results indicate that the use of BFR training is widespread amongst practitioners; however, care should be taken to ensure that practice matches current research to ensure the safety of this technique. 相似文献