共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
为建设世界一流研究型大学,2005年德国政府启动了"卓越计划"。目前,"卓越计划"已经进入第三阶段。经过十多年的努力,"卓越计划"在动态调整机制、整合科研体系、科研论文发表、世界大学排名等方面取得了积极成效,但也存在资金短缺等不足。2015年,我国开启"双一流"建设,借鉴"卓越计划"的实施经验,建设有中国特色的世界一流大学和世界一流学科应着重关注退出机制、评价指标体系、第三方机构参与等问题。 相似文献
2.
2006年10月，德国评选卡尔斯鲁厄大学、慕尼黑大学和慕尼黑工业大学为“精英大学”，就此拉开了德国实施大学“卓越计划”的序幕。“卓越计划”旨在为德国高校和科研机构注入经费．力图增强大学的科研实力，并提升德国高校的国际地位。文章介绍了“卓越计划”的目的、内容及获选学校的特点，并探析这一计划对德国高等教育的意义。 相似文献
3.
近年来,德国针对世界高等教育迅速发展并重视精英教育的新形势,提出并实施了卓越计划,力图通过加大对高校科研项目的经费资助,集聚促进国内高校科学研究发展的优质资源,从高等教育均衡发展向追求卓越发展的理念过渡,最终实现德国高等教育领先世界的复兴目标。虽然卓越计划在各方博奕及均衡发展的传统观念影响下,存在着经费不足等困扰,但其推动德国高校之间加大竞争力度的战略意义远大于现实意义。 相似文献
4.
Previous studies on collaborative research emphasize industry-university collaboration conducted in a subset of academic disciplines associated with applied engineering. These studies focus on motivations, mechanisms, financial costs and financial benefits of collaborative research while paying little attention to the impact of collaborative research on academic productivity. The purpose of this paper is to attempt to compensate for some of these shortcomings. First, we present a survey which includes responses from academic researchers of all the scientific disciplines. Second, we take into account and compare the collaborative relationships between university researchers, between university researchers and industry, and between university researchers and other institutions, especially government agencies, local governments and organized interest groups. And third, we assess the impact of these collaborative activities on the academic productivity of the university researchers.The results of this paper show that collaboration, whether it be undertaken with universities, industries or institutions, may indeed increase researchers' productivity. We find this to be true whether or not such relationships begin early in a researcher's career. We also find this to be true whether or not the collaborators have an intellectual symmetry. The effect of collaboration on productivity varies according to both the scientists' geographical closeness to their partners and on their field of research. It was found that collaboration between researchers and industry had significantly more impact on productivity than collaborations between researchers and their peers or researchers and other institutions. Scientists in humanities were found to produce less materials in collaboration than scientists in other fields. And, scientists involved in collaboration aimed mostly at producing patented and unpatented products, scientific instruments, software and artistic production were also found to produce less.In sum, given that collaboration contributes to the increase of scientific productivity, government decision makers and university administrators ought to encourage researchers to forge collaborative relationships. 相似文献
5.
Liney Manjarrés-Henríquez Antonio Gutiérrez-Gracia Andrés Carrión-García Jaider Vega-Jurado 《Research in higher education》2009,50(8):795-811
This paper evaluates whether university–industry relationships (UIR) and academic research activities have complementary effects
on the scientific production of university lecturers. The analysis is based on a case study of two Spanish universities. We
find that the effects of R&D contracts with industry, and academic research activity on scientific production are synergistic,
but only when the R&D contracts account for a low percentage of a lecturer’s total funding. This suggests that the positive
effect of UIR on a lecturer’s scientific production comes fundamentally from the capacity to provide complementary resources
(cognitive, technical, and/or financial) for research activities. If lecturers are not involved in research and dedicate most
their time to the development of activities related to UIR, their scientific production will be negatively affected. 相似文献
6.
高等教育内涵发展需要提升教师的教学水平,教师教学水平的提升需要有目的、有组织的＂教学卓越＂实践,世界著名大学普遍重视教师发展中心的建立以及教师教学能力的培养,当前我国高校亟待处理好教学与科研的关系,提高对教师＂教学卓越＂的认识,将教学视为一种学术活动。江南大学成立教师卓越中心,系统开展教师的＂教学卓越＂工作,所采取的九项措施是高校教师教学发展的一个案例。 相似文献
7.
Joint work among academic staff is important for solving the ever‐increasing number of complex tasks that are becoming part of everyday activities in higher education. At the same time, diversification and internationalisation may challenge collaboration processes and communication demands. Speaking a shared language consistently could be a way of overcoming problems. Hence, this study focuses on the effect of shared language among academic staff on the relation between academic staff involvement in work processes and openness to diversity. This study draws on data from 489 Danish academic staff members in science departments of three universities. Results show positive associations between academic staff involvement and all openness‐to‐diversity variables (openness to informational, linguistic, value and visible diversity). Shared language had a positive effect on openness to surface level types of diversity (linguistic and visible) but no effect on openness to deep‐level types of diversity (informational and value). 相似文献
8.
Xuemei Wang John F. Dannenhoffer III Barry D. Davidson J. Michael Spector 《Distance Education》2005,26(3):405-423
Collaborative learning has been gaining momentum as a promising pedagogy in higher education. Research on student collaboration is increasing. However, one arena is often overlooked—faculty collaboration. In this article, a cross‐institutional faculty collaboration is presented. The context is faculty collaboration on the design of an undergraduate engineering course. Specifically, this paper examines design issues encountered in the faculty collaborations associated with developing, delivering, and redesigning a senior‐level engineering design course that was taught simultaneously at two universities. This course was taught in state‐of‐the‐art distance learning classrooms. Both within class and outside class, participating students and faculty made use of a Web‐based environment that supported a variety of synchronous and asynchronous interactions. The course itself focused on team design projects and provided instruction on the engineering design process, in various specific skills needed for the students’ projects, and on how to function effectively as part of a geographically distributed engineering design team. The participating faculty members represented different backgrounds, academic disciplines, and academic cultures. Issues related to collaborations on development, delivery, and redesign are elaborated. Based on the lessons learned, suggestions for future cross‐institutional faculty collaboration in course development are provided. 相似文献
9.
10.
Following landmark legislation passed more than 20 years ago, university–industry relationships have now become central to understanding the changing role of research universities in American Society. The paper analyzes the development of university–industry partnerships during the 1990s. Past studies have used a broad array of measures of ties and a variety of research methodologies, but they have shared a focus on top collaborators or on samples of universities skewed toward the top. However, findings based on top collaborators may not be valid for other universities. Universities involved in mid- to low-levels of collaboration are qualitatively different in many ways from the more extensively studied set of top collaborators, suggesting that characteristics affecting university–industry ties may not be the same for these institutions. The paper shifts the focus away from top collaborators to this sizable and less studied majority. In general, we find that the same characteristics predicting high levels of involvement for the sample as a whole also predict high levels of involvement for the sub-sample of mid- and low-level collaborators. However, We find some particular characteristics of these institutions, such as land grant status, are also associated with stronger ties to industry, and that some characteristics of 25 top institutions do not predict the level of involvement of these lower-level collaborators. We will discuss whether the licensing of new technology is likely ever to become an important source of net revenues for current middle and low-level collaborators. Our findings raise doubts about whether many universities below the top 25 will earn substantial net revenues from licensing, though they do not dispute the potential service value of these ties. The study is based on examination of a wide range of potential influences on university–industry collaboration for institutions that are not currently among the most heavily involved in partnerships. These include status, other institutional characteristics (such as size and control), investment in science and engineering, and characteristics of offices or technology transfer. 相似文献
11.
We examined web‐based ratings and open‐ended comments of teaching‐award winners (n = 120) and research‐award winners (n = 119) to determine if teaching‐award winners received more favourable ratings and comments on RateMyProfessors.com. As predicted, students rated teaching‐award winners higher than research‐award winners on measures of teaching quality (i.e. helpfulness and clarity). A higher percentage of teaching‐award recipients relative to research‐award recipients received positive open‐ended comments about competence, use of humour, clarity, appearance and personality as well as both positive and negative open‐ended comments about level of course difficulty. We discuss implications of these findings for lending credibility to the RateMyProfessors.com indices and for promoting published faculty evaluations at post‐secondary institutions more generally. 相似文献
12.
Producing ‘industry‐ready’ doctorates: Australian Cooperative Research Centre approaches to doctoral education 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Kay M. Harman 《Studies in Continuing Education》2013,35(3):387-404
How the experience of science‐based Ph.D. students working in or funded by Australian Cooperative Research Centres (CRCs) compares with their peers in regular university science‐based departments is the key focus of this article. CRC doctoral programmes that integrate industry needs with professional development offer an alternative to traditional research training, emphasizing producing ‘industry‐ready’ graduates with a broader educational experience linked to the needs of research users. The overall experience of both groups, their attitudes to collaboration with industry and where their studies are leading them are analysed. Of particular interest is whether CRC‐related Ph.D. students have more positive attitudes towards their training, towards industry and research and development (R&D) partnerships with industry than those outside CRCs and to what extent both favour the idea of careers in industry. Findings, based on a survey of Ph.D. students in two Australian research‐intensive universities, indicate that the CRC research training experience has much to commend it. This suggests that in reforming doctoral education programmes, universities would do well to further examine the effectiveness of aspects of this alternative. 相似文献
13.
“一带一路”倡议与“双一流”建设因其承担的重要历史使命,理应成为西部高校发展战略的思维引领和路径依靠。在对“一带一路”倡议下西部高校“双一流”建设不同层面的发展情况及表现进行分析后,发现西部高校在师资人才、财政经费、产学合作、学科发展及实践平台等方面还存在多方面的需求;并且主要面临着五个方面的战略困境,分别是战略基础层面的人才引进与人才流动的矛盾、战略保障层面的全局建设与经费短缺的矛盾、战略环境层面的产学合作与对象有限的矛盾、战略方向层面的特色学科与综合发展的矛盾以及战略平台层面的专业实践与平台缺乏的矛盾。基于此,提出通过拓展经费来源渠道、构建特色人才体系、加强国际科研合作、推动高校联盟建设等策略实现战略转型。 相似文献
14.
Derry W. Jones 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》1997,6(3):241-244
Mediated interaction with the world of work, especially business and industry, is increasingly seen, world-wide, as a valuable component of science and technology education. A recent WOCATE meeting held in Germany for senior educators, administrators, and industrial representatives aimed to stimulate international partnerships that explore the unity of academic studies and practical work and prompts a review of some European approaches to collaboration between science education and industry. In particular, the British experience favors a variety of agencies, including sponsorship from the professional associations of teachers, scientists, and engineers; substantial participation from industrial companies, individually and through associations; and much essentially voluntary activity by enthusiastic industrial scientists and teachers at all levels. 相似文献
15.
大学的支柱是大学教师的威望,以及大学研究机构的名声。20世纪中后期以来,许多国际著名大学纷纷以拥有多少诺贝尔奖获得者作为学校有着较高学术水平和良好学术声誉的一种标志,在我国则表现为时院士等学术精英的争夺。然而,在当下的高等教育界,大学教师的学术声誉难掩日渐下滑之势。20世纪90年代以来,我国学术界开展了以学术规范为核心的学术大讨论,试图重建良好的学术声誉。良好学术声誉的重建不仅需要观念层面的反思,更需要制度层面的建构。 相似文献
16.
大学的宗旨是培养人,立德树人是大学的根本任务,也是当前教育改革和提高人才培养质量亟需解决的关键问题。党的十八大提出大力支持国民经济命脉的重要行业,这对大学,尤其是行业大学提出了新的更高要求。行业大学为民族工业提供人力支撑,以培养行业精英为己任,立德树人是行业大学人才培养的首要任务。在行业大学的人才培养过程中,应构建"产学协同,行业文化融入大学生思想教育"、"产学协同,行业元素融入大学生知识教育"、"产学协同,行业效应融入大学生实践教育"三位一体的立德树人人才培养体系,培养既有高尚的道德情操、浓厚的人文情怀,又有精湛的专业技能、符合行业需求的高素质优秀人才。 相似文献
17.
全国百优论文的评选是提高博士生培养质量,鼓励创新精神,促进高层次创新性人才培养的重要举措。本文通过对211高校11年来获百优论文情况进行计量分析,从创新人才培养的重要体现——百优论文这个侧面,反映出＂211工程＂建设取得的巨大成就。同时,通过计量分析,得出了一些结论和思考。 相似文献
18.
Building relationships between universities and industry bodies is of prime importance for creating value for universities’
stakeholders. This paper focuses on relationships in relation to undergraduate internship programmes in the Social Sciences.
Using the relationship marketing approach, we analyze this type of collaboration of firms with a large public Spanish University.
We build and test a structural equations model whose results show that communication is a key building block of relationships,
having a positive effect on satisfaction with the relationship, trust and functionality of conflict, and that trust and commitment
increase the level of collaboration of firms with universities. 相似文献
19.
Apkarian Jacob Mulligan Kerry Rotondi Matthew B. Brint Steven 《Tertiary Education and Management》2014,20(2):151-164
This study compares the explanatory power of two models of academic governance: dual and managerial control. The research is based on characterizations by chief academic officers of the primary decision-makers involved in 13 types of recurrent academic decisions. We examine change between responses to surveys fielded to US four-year colleges and universities in 2000 and 2012. We find limited support for the dual control and the managerial control models in both years. As an alternative to the two dominant conceptual models, we develop an empirically grounded classification based on multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. In each year we find high faculty participation and management-dominant clusters. The other identified clusters do not map well onto either of the two dominant conceptual models. Given these results, we argue that configurational analysis should be used as a supplement to future studies monitoring the incidence of dual and managerial control in academic governance. 相似文献
20.
This article discusses how Centres of Excellence (CoE) and the existence of several logics in these centres can contribute to the differentiation of the strategic profiles of universities. The study sees research centres as a way to organize research activities in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in order to target both excellence but also societal challenges through focused thematic research. It reveals how societal challenges and their interpretation by these centres contribute to the differentiation of the strategic profiles of universities. Studies of centres of excellence programs in Sweden and Japan reveal differences in how their mission is formulated for relevance and excellence. The results indicate that contrasting missions of HEIs are accommodated through the dual logics of these centres relating both to autonomy and industry collaboration. The study shows that long-term funding gives these centres flexibility to set the agenda and focus on their strategic core activities. In other words, a logic of autonomy guides their strategic choices of research activities over the long-run as well as collaborators. Nevertheless, these centres are also developing strategies to cope with dilemmas stemming from the excellence-relevance and evaluation templates that emerge in the nexus of their collaborative ties with industry, government and universities.
相似文献