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1.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(3):286-310
Meta-analysis involves cumulating effects across studies in order to qualitatively summarize existing literatures. A recent finding suggests that the effect sizes reported in meta-analyses may be negatively correlated with study sample sizes. This prediction was tested with a sample of 51 published meta-analyses summarizing the results of 3,602 individual studies. The correlation between effect size and sample size was negative in almost 80 percent of the meta-analyses examined, and the negative correlation was not limited to a particular type of research or substantive area. This result most likely stems from a bias against publishing findings that are not statistically significant. The primary implication is that meta-analyses may systematically overestimate population effect sizes. It is recommended that researchers routinely examine the n–r scatter plot and correlation, or some other indication of publication bias and report this information in meta-analyses. 相似文献
2.
Timothy R. Levine 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(3):270-274
An argument is advanced for the propositions that a lack of statistically significant findings does not automatically justify rejecting a scientific article for publication or mean that the findings are necessarily uninformative. Systematically declining publication for nonsignificant results leads to negative consequences that include distorting scientific literatures, making hypotheses and theories less falsifiable, depriving meta-analyses of an accurate sample of prior findings, and encouraging questionable research practices. Providing effect sizes and confidence intervals can make findings more informative, regardless of whether the finding is p < .05. 相似文献
3.
Ivar Vermeulen Camiel J. Beukeboom Anika Batenburg Arthur Avramiea Dimo Stoyanov Bob van de Velde 《Communication methods and measures》2015,9(4):253-279
Publication bias promotes papers providing “significant” findings, thus incentivizing researchers to produce such findings. Prior studies suggested that researchers’ focus on “p < .05” yields—intentional or unintentional—p-value misreporting, and excess p-values just below .05. To assess whether similar distortions occur in communication science, we extracted 5,834 test statistics from 693 recent communication science ISI papers, and assessed prevalence of p-values (1) misreported, and (2) just below .05. Results show 8.8% of p-values were misreported (74.5% too low). 1.3% of p-values were critically misreported, stating p < .05 while in fact p > .05 (88.3%) or vice versa (11.7%). Analyzing p-value frequencies just below .05 using a novel method did not unequivocally demonstrate “p-hacking”—excess p-values could be alternatively explained by (severe) publication bias. Results for 19,830 p-values from social psychology were strikingly similar. We conclude that publication bias, publication pressure, and verification bias distort the communication science knowledge base, and suggest solutions to this problem. 相似文献
4.
《Journal of Informetrics》2014,8(2):310-317
This paper examines the effects of inflationary and equalizing bias on publication output rankings. Any identifiable amount of bias in authorship accreditation was detrimental to accuracy when ranking a select group of leading Canadian aquaculture researchers. Bias arose when publication scores were calculated without taking into account information about multiple authorship and differential coauthor contributions. The ensuing biased equal credit scores, whether fractional or inflated, produced rankings that were fundamentally different from the ranking of harmonic estimates of actual credit calculated by using all relevant byline information in the source data. In conclusion, the results indicate that both fractional and inflated rankings are misleading, and suggest that accurate accreditation of coauthors is the key to reliable publication performance rankings. 相似文献
5.
Elly A. Konijn Rens van de Schoot Sonja D. Winter Christopher J. Ferguson 《Communication methods and measures》2015,9(4):280-302
The present paper argues that an important cause of publication bias resides in traditional frequentist statistics forcing binary decisions. An alternative approach through Bayesian statistics provides various degrees of support for any hypothesis allowing balanced decisions and proper null hypothesis testing, which may prevent publication bias. Testing a null hypothesis becomes increasingly relevant in mediated communication and virtual environments. To illustrate our arguments, we re-analyzed three data sets of previously published data --media violence effects, mediated communication, and visuospatial abilities across genders. Results are discussed in view of possible Bayesian interpretations, which are more open to a content-related argumentation of varying levels of support. Finally, we discuss potential pitfalls of a Bayesian approach such as BF-hacking (cf., “God would love a Bayes Factor of 3.01 nearly as much as a BF of 2.99”). Especially when BF values are small, replication studies and Bayesian updating are still necessary to draw conclusions. 相似文献
6.
目的：评价PRISMA声明对发表于《循证医学》杂志的干预类系统评价/Meta分析报告质量的影响。方法：根据纳入排除标准,纳入2001-2011年发表于《循证医学》的干预性试验系统评价/Meta分析,采用PRISMA量表对纳入系统评价/Meta分析进行评价,用Meta Analyst软件进行统计分析。结果：共纳入70个系统评价/Meta分析,涉及14个疾病谱。 PRISMA的发布和高校作者发表的系统评价/Meta分析,可以提高其报告质量（P＜0．05）,基金资助和作者数量对文献报告质量影响不大。结论：发表于《循证医学》杂志的系统评价/Meta分析在文献检索、筛选、偏倚评估和其他分析方法等方面亟待改善,报告质量有待提高。 PRISMA的发布可在整体上改善系统评价/Meta分析的报告质量。 相似文献
7.
8.
The complex web of information ranges from pure science to applied techniques to management policies. All are important, yet
have varying levels of accessibility and authority. Often the apex of the peer-reviewed journal article is considered the
most important level discouraging scientists and managers, especially those in developing countries, from populating the other
layers of the web that may be considered grey. We are particularly interested in how information produced in developing countries
fits into this information web. To do so, we focused on one topic, mangroves, using it as a means to exemplify the complexity
of the web of information and reveal publication patterns. Using search tools, we identified 2000–2005 mangrove-related publications
regarding Africa and India, analyzed them by author’s location and affiliation, publication format, and availability. Our
preliminary analysis suggests that grey literature remains difficult to discover, the peer-reviewed journal is the most popular
means of scientific communication, and open archives are just starting to have an impact on scholarly communication. The web
of information would be strengthened by improving the discovery of the grey literature through greater visibility and accessibility. 相似文献
9.
中国古代的出版概念,是复制和发行两要素说。编辑并非出版诞生的标志,它是出版成熟或趋于成熟的标志。没有编辑的出版活动普遍存在于古代。出版史的研究对象是历史上以公众传播为宗旨,以作者为起点、读者为终点的书籍传播。出版史的研究范围大致是历史上书籍传播过程与在这过程中出现的重要人物、重要事件,以及影响、制约书籍传播的社会历史环境。 相似文献
10.
《Journal of Informetrics》2014,8(3):618-627
Equalizing bias (EqB) is a systematic inaccuracy which arises when authorship credit is divided equally among coauthors who have not contributed equally. As the number of coauthors increases, the diminishing amount of credit allocated to each additional coauthor is increasingly composed of equalizing bias such that when the total number of coauthors exceeds 12, the credit score of most coauthors is composed mostly of EqB. In general, EqB reverses the byline hierarchy and skews bibliometric assessments by underestimating the contribution of primary authors, i.e. those adversely affected by negative EqB, and overestimating the contribution of secondary authors, those benefitting from positive EqB. The positive and negative effects of EqB are balanced and sum to zero, but are not symmetrical. The lack of symmetry exacerbates the relative effects of EqB, and explains why primary authors are increasingly outnumbered by secondary authors as the number of coauthors increases. Specifically, for a paper with 50 coauthors, the benefit of positive EqB goes to 39 secondary authors while the burden of negative EqB befalls 11 primary authors. Relative to harmonic estimates of their actual contribution, the EqB of the 50 coauthors ranged from <−90% to >350%. Senior authorship, when it occurs, is conventionally indicated by a corresponding last author and recognized as being on a par with a first author. If senior authorship is not recognized, then the credit lost by an unrecognized senior author is distributed among the other coauthors as part of their EqB. The powerful distortional effect of EqB is compounded in bibliometric indices and performance rankings derived from biased equal credit. Equalizing bias must therefore be corrected at the source by ensuring accurate accreditation of all coauthors prior to the calculation of aggregate publication metrics. 相似文献
11.
跨媒体化是21世纪媒体传播技术发展的主流,编辑出版作为媒体传播的重要环节,只有在数字化新平台上对编辑出版范式进行优化与重构,才能应用现代数字科技,拓展编辑出版的外延与内涵,开创编辑出版面向跨媒体时代新的发展机遇。 相似文献
12.
The journal impact factor (JIF) has been questioned considerably during its development in the past half-century because of its inconsistency with scholarly reputation evaluations of scientific journals. This paper proposes a publication delay adjusted impact factor (PDAIF) which takes publication delay into consideration to reduce the negative effect on the quality of the impact factor determination. Based on citation data collected from Journal Citation Reports and publication delay data extracted from the journals’ official websites, the PDAIFs for journals from business-related disciplines are calculated. The results show that PDAIF values are, on average, more than 50% higher than JIF results. Furthermore, journal ranking based on PDAIF shows very high consistency with reputation-based journal rankings. Moreover, based on a case study of journals published by ELSEVIER and INFORMS, we find that PDAIF will bring a greater impact factor increase for journals with longer publication delay because of reducing that negative influence. Finally, insightful and practical suggestions to shorten the publication delay are provided. 相似文献
13.
A faculty publication fund is a fairly new concept in scholarly communication, and academic institutions are experimenting with different models for the administration of funds designed to assist faculty who face prohibitive journal publication charges. Findings are reported from a survey-based, qualitative study of small and medium-sized academic libraries involved with open access faculty publication funds. The survey results and a case study of one library's involvement in fund development are considered in light of the broader research questions: How are libraries engaging as facilitators of scholarly publishing, and what successes and challenges are they facing in this new role? 相似文献
14.
无传播就无权利——图书馆界围绕信息网络传播权立法的呼声与行动 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以中国图书馆学会2005“新年峰会”为标志,认为图书馆界已开始以积极主动的态度参与著作权立法的进程。中国图书馆学会在2005年8月发布的《关于网络环境下著作权问题的声明》阐述图书馆界在著作权保护问题上的原则立场。围绕2005年10月由国家版权局网站公布的《信息网络传播权保护条例(草案)》中的“四六条”,图书馆界与出版界、数据开发商提出对此不同的看法。图书馆界认为,著作权对图书馆的限制与例外主要包括:①馆内传播的合理使用权;②馆外传播的法定许可权;③有限的自行数字化部分馆藏作品的权利。同时,指出保护权利与促进传播绝不是互相对立的,权利人的权利只有通过传播方可实现。 相似文献
15.
Numerous health communication studies have highlighted the importance of factual knowledge as an antecedent to health behavior, but few have explored other dimensions of health knowledge, such as structural knowledge. This study seeks to fill this gap by investigating conceptual differences between these two kinds of knowledge in the context of breast cancer in Singapore, and find out how communication and motivational factors are related to them. Using a nationally representative random-digit-dialing survey of women aged 30–70 (N = 802), results showed that interpersonal communication and elaboration were associated with both knowledge types. Attention to online health news and the level of risk perception were positively associated with structural knowledge but not factual knowledge. Theoretical and practical implications for health communication were discussed. 相似文献
16.
《Journal of Informetrics》2022,16(2):101283
Choosing a publication venue for an academic paper is a crucial step in the research process. However, in many cases, decisions are based solely on the experience of researchers, which often leads to suboptimal results. Although there exist venue recommender systems for academic papers, they recommend venues where the paper is expected to be published. In this study, we aim to recommend publication venues from a different perspective. We estimate the number of citations a paper will receive if the paper is published in each venue and recommend the venue where the paper has the most potential impact. However, there are two challenges to this task. First, a paper is published in only one venue, and thus, we cannot observe the number of citations the paper would receive if the paper were published in another venue. Secondly, the contents of a paper and the publication venue are not statistically independent; that is, there exist selection biases in choosing publication venues. In this paper, we formulate the venue recommendation problem as a treatment effect estimation problem. We use a bias correction method to estimate the potential impact of choosing a publication venue effectively and to recommend venues based on the potential impact of papers in each venue. We highlight the effectiveness of our method using paper data from computer science conferences. 相似文献
17.
运用面板向量自回归模型分析后发现：东部地区图书出版对经济增长带来了“先增强后减弱”的正向冲击效应,中部地区的冲击效应既不明显也不稳定,西部地区则呈现负向冲击效应。同时,东部地区出版产业的延伸和知识的外溢使得全国的图书出版带来经济的有效增长。但是,这一效应主要是通过“产业渠道”而非“传播渠道”传导的,这就使得图书出版数量上的扩张只是带动了出版产业的发展,而未能带来出版知识快速且有效的转化。 相似文献
18.
科技期刊全媒体出版立体化营销的战略思考 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
数字出版的本质是出版内容资源的数字化。数字出版的优势和市场的发展必将使传统出版引致跨媒体出版,而后至全媒体出版立体化营销。全媒体出版的含义在于以经济的眼光看待不同媒体间的综合运用,以求最小投入、最优传播、最大收益,显然,它不是指同一内容资源在不同媒体问的翻版出版,而是针对不同媒体的特点进行了适应性的编辑加工。立体化营销从空间的角度考虑对全媒体出版产品的全方位整合营销。全媒体出版的“全”并非仅指媒体类型要全盘考虑,还指同一媒体不同形式的产品也要全盘考虑。不同媒体各有特点,各有所长,科技期刊的全媒体出版必须努力使不同媒体的优势互补,达到最小成本、最佳表现、最大效益。人民卫生出版社的数字出版整体规划经验可资参考。学术类、技术类、科普类的全媒体战略应各有不同,要各取所需。Springer以及《金属加工》《中国家庭医生》等的探索与实践可资借鉴。 相似文献
19.
When reporting frequencies and quantities in self-administeredsurveys using open-ended questions, respondents make use ofestimation strategies in order to provide a reasonable response.Accordingly, respondents do not only report pure numbers usingdigits, instead they extend their response to alphanumeric informationand explicit estimates (e.g. "about 10–20 cigarettes perday"). Such responses are not only of reduced quality, but theyalso require a lot of editing and cleaning in the post-fieldphase of a survey. While previous methodological work on frequencyquestions has focused on question wording, reference periodsand other text elements that have traditionally been consideredsignificant for high quality frequency responses, in this articlewe test the impact of various graphical characteristics of theresponse field in order to reduce the number of alphanumericelaborations and explicit estimates. The field-experimentalstudies reported are based on the assumption that respondentsinterpret formal characteristics of frequency questions as meaningfulinformation throughout the question answer process. The findingsreported will help survey designers reduce the proportion ofestimated responses. Received for publication October 24, 2007. Accepted for publication August 12, 2008. 相似文献
20.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(2):193-214
In recent decades a distinctive literature has accumulated discussing the role of gender, feminism, and women's studies‐related research (GFWS) in the communication field; however, questions have persisted about how this research is represented in the field's publications. Contributing to the literature on the sociology of the field's scholarship, the history of the GFWS literature was sketched in a field test of a concept mapping technique that tracks patterns of publication and isolates conceptual associations within the titles of GFWS articles. The data for the study were significant concepts extracted from titles of 31,500 articles appearing in 70 communication journals and annuals within the period 1970 to 1997. The study accomplished several goals. First, it examined the accuracy of historical arguments about GFWS scholarship, arguments that bear on the issue of fair treatment of GFWS scholarship within the field. Second, it examined GFWS articles by publication source to assess patterns of representation by journal. Third, it provided a response to requests by some scholars working in the area for a thorough survey of the dimensions of the GFWS literature. Findings support the idea that GFWS scholarship is represented by a unique constellation of conceptual relationships. Feminist scholarship is found to have a history unto itself separate from that of studies of gender or sex differences, and has entered the literature in two distinctive eras. As well, feminist research was found to have a unique and uneven pattern of representation in the field's literature. By identifying threads of theoretical connection between articles in a widely dispersed literature, the concept mapping methodology is argued to provide one means for offsetting the fragmentation of the discipline's scholarship that has occurred throughout the last three decades as a result of the rapid proliferation of new specialized communication journals. 相似文献