共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Fernanda Ribeiro 《Archival Science》1987,1(3):295-310
The dominant paradigm in Archival Science, thehistorical-technicist paradigm, has its origins with the French Revolution and raised from the social, economic, political, ideological and cultural
changes that occur during the 19th and 20th centuries. During this last one and due specially to the technological revolution
Archival Science reinforced its technical component and became autonomous in face of History, but the consolidation of the
model, based on a custodial, technicist and documentalist perspective, is associated to a knowledge essentially empirical.
By effect of the new conditions generated by Information Society, the dominant paradigm entered into a crisis and developed
inside itself the factors which, unavoidably, will produce the paradigm shift. The new paradigm — thescientific-informational paradigm — conceives Archival Science as an applied discipline into the scope of Information Science and defines unequivocally
its object of study — the archive, understood as aninformation system — and its scientific method of research. The method tends to find consolidation through quadripolar research dynamics, which
is operated and continuously repeated within the field of knowledge itself, which implies a permanent interaction on four
poles — epistemological, theoretical, technical and morphological. 相似文献
2.
Donato Tamblé 《Archival Science》1987,1(1):83-100
Archival theory in Italy has a long tradition, going back as far as the second half of the nineteenth century, and with roots
in the 17th and 18th centuries. Central theme in the theory is themetodo storico, the principle of provenance, for the first time expressed in the late 19th century by Bonaini and Bongi. In the following
decades archivists like Casanova and Cencetti were among the leading authors. Elio Lodolini assigned himself the task to synthesize
ideas and notions, within a clear distinctions between records (registratura) and archives. One of the overall characteristics
of the rich Italian literature is the stressing of the cultural value of archives.
I have twice treated before the theme of archival theory in Italy from the fifties up to the nineties. The first time on the
occasion of the 25th anniversary of theScuola speciale per Archivisti e Bibliotecari dell'Università degli Studi “La Sapienza” di Roma in 1989, when there was an international round table on archival science in the State Archives of Rome. My essay,Italian archival science today, has been published in the proceedings of the meeting (cfr. Donato Tamblé,L'archivistica in Italia oggi, inStudi sull'archivistica, by Roma: Elio Lodolini, 1992). Some years later, in 1993, I published a book on contemporary Italian archival theory (Donato
Tamblé,La teoria archivistica italiana contemporanea (1950–1990). Profilo storico-critico (Roma, 1993) which was the sequel to the volume of Elio Lodolini on Italian archival history — (Lineamenti di storia dell'archivistica italiana (Roma, 1991). The purpose of my book was that of locating and identifying the scientific object of archival science as it
developed and was clarified in the thinking and in the lucubration of the contemporary Italian Archivists. 相似文献
3.
Donato Tamblé 《Archival Science》2001,1(1):83-100
Archival theory in Italy has a long tradition, going back as far as the second half of the nineteenth century, and with roots
in the 17th and 18th centuries. Central theme in the theory is themetodo storico, the principle of provenance, for the first time expressed in the late 19th century by Bonaini and Bongi. In the following
decades archivists like Casanova and Cencetti were among the leading authors. Elio Lodolini assigned himself the task to synthesize
ideas and notions, within a clear distinctions between records (registratura) and archives. One of the overall characteristics
of the rich Italian literature is the stressing of the cultural value of archives.
I have twice treated before the theme of archival theory in Italy from the fifties up to the nineties. The first time on the
occasion of the 25th anniversary of theScuola speciale per Archivisti e Bibliotecari dell'Università degli Studi “La Sapienza” di Roma in 1989, when there was an international round table on archival science in the State Archives of Rome. My essay,Italian archival science today, has been published in the proceedings of the meeting (cfr. Donato Tamblé,L'archivistica in Italia oggi, inStudi sull'archivistica, by Roma: Elio Lodolini, 1992). Some years later, in 1993, I published a book on contemporary Italian archival theory (Donato
Tamblé,La teoria archivistica italiana contemporanea (1950–1990). Profilo storico-critico (Roma, 1993) which was the sequel to the volume of Elio Lodolini on Italian archival history — (Lineamenti di storia dell'archivistica italiana (Roma, 1991). The purpose of my book was that of locating and identifying the scientific object of archival science as it
developed and was clarified in the thinking and in the lucubration of the contemporary Italian Archivists. 相似文献
4.
This article addresses the trajectory of Archival Science in Brazil, its extracurricular characteristics and its particular relationship with Information Science within academics, its institutional associations, and some considerations regarding current training for archivists in Brazil. The methodological procedures used included analyzing documents from the National Archive Fonds of Brazil, reviewing archive literature, and interviewing people involved in consolidating Archival Science. This study concludes that Archival Science research is taking place in graduate programs throughout public Brazilian universities and points out that people working with archives now have more advanced training, such as undergraduate degrees in Archival Science or other. This study also focuses on archives as information units, while presenting and reflecting on the demands of training archivists who are faced with the challenges of the working world and the era of information and knowledge—challenges that go beyond merely technical procedures and encompass dynamic planning and orientation activities. 相似文献
5.
[目的/意义]本文立足于2019年的学术热点,对图情档在泛在数据环境下的理论创新、学科转型和教育变革趋向进行了分析和预判。[方法/过程]作者在对2019年发表于图情档领域重要期刊并以“数据(数字化、电子化、智慧化)”为主题的学术论文进行系统性文献调查的基础上,提取并总结了与研究主题相关的观点和发现。[结果/结论]研究发现,(1)图情档领域的理论发展趋向可归结为“立足于泛在数据环境的理论创新”;(2)图情档的学科转型趋向可归结为“基于数据科学和数字人文的学科转型”;(3)图情档教育变革趋向可归结为“以新型数据素养培育为中心的教育变革”;(4)图情档职业的特征可归结为“以智慧化服务为基础的图情档新业态”。 相似文献
6.
Thea Miller 《Archival Science》2003,3(1):43-63
The German registry system is unique in its approach to records management. By way of better understanding this approach,
the historical development of this registry is portrayed in its characteristic phases: first the adoption of the practice
of using registers in the Middle Ages; second the transposition of this practice into a complete recordkeeping system in the
Prussian administrations of the 18th and 19th centuries; third the attempt to streamline this system in the early 20th century;
and fourth the nature of the registry in modern German administrations, and in particular how it has adapted to the use of
electronic records.
Apart from the historical presentation, however, this study also aims to highlight central concepts of the German registry,
including entries, action files, and the idea of registry itself being applied to the entire activity of keeping records.
Finally, it is suggested that these concepts can provide new insights into various areas of archives as well as into current
recordkeeping problems.
This article is a completely revised version of the thesis which I submitted in 1997 (under the title “The German Registratur”)
for the Master of Archival Studies degree at the School of Library, Archival and Information Studies, University of British
Columbia. My thanks to Angelika Menne-Haritz and Wendy Duff for their comments during the writing of this revision. 相似文献
7.
Irving Louis Horowitz 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1995,11(1):40-45
Upon reviewing thePreliminary Draft of the Report of the Working Group on Intellectual Property Rights, given the titleIntellectual Property and the National Information Infrastructure, one immediately confronts the grand ambiguity that resides in the two words: “intellectual property.” That the task force
on the information infrastructure, enshrined with the acronym NII, had to locate precedent for its missioning Supreme Court
Justice Story's 1841 observations on copyright issues as an area involving the “metaphysics of the law” indicates what a long
reach the very notion of intellectual property entails in a democratic society.
He is the author ofCommunicating Ideas: The Politics of Publishing and has published widely in the journal literature, includingScholarly Publishing; Logos; Publishing Research Quarterly; Journal of the American Society of Information Science, among others. 相似文献
8.
This article considers the British experience of developing education for publishers at the end of the 1990s. To introduce
the subject, it briefly outlines recent trends in the UK in publishing and bookselling: the size and nature of the workforce
as revealed in recent surveys; and what employers recently indicated that they are looking for in their employees. Then, it
summarises some of the developments that are taking place in education and training, before outlining the courses currently
available in the Universities, their growing emphasis on business management and Information Technology, and the benefits
to employers of recruiting students from these courses. Finally, it raises issues that will become more significant in the
future: new legal and ethical challenges, and the responsibility for preservation and conservation arising from technological
changes; keeping existing staff up to date; the international dimensions of the industry; retaining links between the academic
community and the industry; regulating standards of professional practice; and the development of research.
An earlier and shorter version of this paper, entitled “Education for publishing— the British experience,” was presented by
Ian Johnson at a colloquium “Books, Publishers and Libraries,” organised by Zagreb Chamber of Commerce’s Association of Publishers
and Booksellers and the University of Zagreb’ s Department of Information Science in December 1996.
IAN JOHNSON has been Head of the School of Information and Media at The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland since
1989, and initiated the School’s development as a centre for publishing education and research in 1992. He is currently joint
editor of Libri; a member of the Editorial Board of Education for Information; and Chairman of the Heads of Schools and Departments Committee of BAILER: the British Association for Information and Library
Education and Research, and of the Executive Board of EUCLID: the European Association for Library and Information Education
and Research.
JO ROYLE is Subject Leader for Publishing Studies and Course Leader for the BA/BA (Honours) in Publishing Studies in the School
of Information and Media, where she has taught since 1993. She is currently researching aspects of branding in publishing,
and the impact of the Internet on relationship management within the book trade. 相似文献
9.
John R. Garrett 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1991,7(4):13-20
This article focuses on several conceptual and structural issues that are central to copyright compliance in the electronic
age. It presumes the development of a national electronic network for storing, organizing, accessing, managing, and charging
for information. The article first discusses the implications of constructing a comprehensive electronic “highway,” or Digital
Library System (DLS), which would link information to the widespread community of users. It then presents the ramifications
of a highly decentralized set of subsystems serving rights holders and users, linked by protocols established by the DLS.
A discussion of the implications of digital interchangeability for copyright follows. The article ends with an analysis of
alternatives to existing intellectual property rights conveyance systems, and concludes that current ownership structures,
and systems for conveying rights and royalties, will remain the foundation for copyright in the electronic world.
This article appeared in a slightly different form in theProceedings of the Twelfth National Online Meeting—1991, and is published here with the permission of Learned Information, Inc., Medford, N.J. 相似文献
10.
Previous papers on grey literature by the authors have described (1) the need for formal metadata to allow machine understanding
and therefore scalable operations; (2) the enhancement of repositories of grey (and other) e-publications by linking with
CRIS (Current Research Information Systems); (3) the use of the research process to collect metadata incrementally reducing
the threshold barrier for end-users and improving quality in an ambient GRIDs environment. This paper takes the development
one step further and proposes “intelligent” grey objects. The hypothesis is in 2 parts: (1) that the use of passive catalogs
of metadata does not scale (a) in a highly distributed environment with millions of nodes and (b) with vastly increased volumes
of R&D output grey publications with associated metadata; (2) that a new paradigm is required that (a) integrates grey with
white literature and other R&D outputs such as software, data, products and patents (b) in a self-managing, self-optimizing
way and that this paradigm manages automatically curation, provenance digital rights, trust, security and privacy. Concerning
(1) existing repositories provide catalogs; harvesting takes increasing time ensuring non-currency. The end-user expends much
manual effort/intelligence to utilize the results. The elapsed time of (1) the network (2) the centralized (or centrally controlled
distributed) catalog server searches (3) end-user intervention becomes unacceptable. Concerning (2) there is no paradigm currently
known to the authors that satisfies the requirement. Our proposal is outlined below. Hyperactive combines both hyperlinking
and active properties of a (grey) object. Hyperlinking implies multimedia components linked to form the object and also external
links to other resources. The term active implies that objects do not lie passively in a repository to be retrieved by end-users.
They “get a life” and the object moves through the network knowing where it is going. A hyperactive grey object is wrapped
by its (incrementally recorded) formal metadata and an associated (software) agent. It moves through process steps such as
initial concept, authoring, reviewing and depositing in a repository. The workflow is based on the rules and information in
the corporate data repository with which the agent interacts. Once the object is deposited, the agent associated with it actively
pushes the object to the end-users (or systems) whose metadata indicate interest or an obligation in a workflowed process.
The agents check the object and user (or system) metadata for rights, privacy, security parameters, and for any charges and
assure compatibility. Alternatively the object can be found passively by end-user or system agents. The object can also associate
itself with other objects forming relationships utilising metadata or content. Declared relationships include references and
citations; workflowed relationships include versions and also links to corporate information and research datasets and software;
inferenced relationships are discovered relationships such as between documents by different authors developed from an earlier
idea of a third author. Components of this paradigm have been implemented to some extent. The challenge is implementing—respecting
part two of the hypothesis—the integration architecture. This surely is harnessing the power of grey.
相似文献
| Anne AssersonEmail: |
11.
The paper focuses on the convergence of Finnish research and education in archival science with information science in general
and in records management with information management in particular. Two issues influencing this development are: the convergence
of professionals previously worked in the archival and library sectors and in information management and services; and the
wide-spread, extensive growth in the use of digital technology to manage internal and external organizational information.
At the level of society the opportunities provided by digital technology to manage heritage information in memory organizations
like archives, libraries and museums, are tremendous and the role of documentary heritage at the global, European and national
levels is well recognized. These developments are changing the information and operating environments of memory organizations
and public and private enterprises. These changes, in turn, are generating new requirements in archival science and records
management education and research. This paper focuses on the implications of these changes for the planning, implementation
and further development of an information studies curriculum. This curriculum development is considered crucial in order to
respond to the new demands, and is also implicitly linked to the emerging Finnish information society.
This article is based on Huotari, M.-L. and Valtonen, M.R., “Integrating Records and Archives Management with Information
Studies in Finland”, in L. Ashcroft (ed.),Continuity, Culture, Competition—the Future of Library and Information Studies Education, Proceedings of the 4th British-Nordic Conference on Library and Information Studies 21–23 March 2001, Dublin, Ireland, pp.
249–254 (Dublin: MCB UP Limited, 2002). 相似文献
12.
Helen R. Tibbo 《Archival Science》2006,6(2):231-245
Archivists in North America have described, discussed, and debated the necessary and optimal content, configuration, and venue
for archival education for close to a century but have given little consideration to integrating technology within archival
curricula. Increasingly, archivists are faced with a high tech world in which they must understand issues including information
systems, the nature of electronic records and databases, record migration, digitization, and web design and creation for provision
of access. This paper explores the nature and extent of information technology and information science coursework and knowledge
discussed in the Society of American Archivists’ Guidelines for a Graduate Program in Archival Studies and that students have
available to them while in archival programs. It concludes with a proposal for Library and Information Science education programs
that prepare archivists to explore developing Certificate of Advanced Studies programs in archival management on top of master’s
degrees to allow for additional information science coursework. 相似文献
13.
14.
Eric Ketelaar 《Archival Science》2007,7(4):343-357
Around 1800 the “paradigm of patrimony” recognized archives as cultural and national patrimony. That paradigm was, however,
not a new revolutionary invention. It had been fostered by a “patrimony consciousness” which had developed in the seventeenth
and eighteenth centuries. The value of archives as a patrimony to future generations was acknowledged first in the private
sphere by families and then by cities—communities of memory becoming communities of archives.
Eric Ketelaar is Professor of Archivistics in the Department of Mediastudies of the Faculty of Humanities of the University of Amsterdam. He is Honorary Professor at Monash University, Melbourne (Faculty of Information Technology). He engages with the social history of archives by researching the history of recordkeeping and the use of records and archives, resulting in articles on thirteenth century Dordrecht, sixteenth century Leiden, the eighteenth century Court of Holland, Dutch public administration 1795–1950, and record creation in the context of systematic management in Dutch enterprise, 1870–1940. He is particularly interested in the relationship between recordkeeping and organizational, professional, and national cultures, past and present. This led him further to study the role of records and archives in times of oppression, war, liberation, and reconciliation. 相似文献
| Eric KetelaarEmail: |
Eric Ketelaar is Professor of Archivistics in the Department of Mediastudies of the Faculty of Humanities of the University of Amsterdam. He is Honorary Professor at Monash University, Melbourne (Faculty of Information Technology). He engages with the social history of archives by researching the history of recordkeeping and the use of records and archives, resulting in articles on thirteenth century Dordrecht, sixteenth century Leiden, the eighteenth century Court of Holland, Dutch public administration 1795–1950, and record creation in the context of systematic management in Dutch enterprise, 1870–1940. He is particularly interested in the relationship between recordkeeping and organizational, professional, and national cultures, past and present. This led him further to study the role of records and archives in times of oppression, war, liberation, and reconciliation. 相似文献
15.
将CSSCI作为数据源,利用可视化工具,以时间为主线,全景、动态展示近十年来中国档案学研究主题及变迁、知识来源、机构合作网络。档案学研究热点集中在电子文件、档案学、档案法、安全等方面;知识基础主要来自于基础性理论研究、电子文件、档案保护、档案史、档案法等领域的论著;研究机构间合作较为紧密,且具有地缘性特点。 相似文献
16.
本文通过作者互引分析方法结合社会网络分析理论,探讨了1998—2017年我国档案学领域核心作者的知识交流结构,通过网络密度和距离分析测度了学科知识交流的频率和距离,通过网络中心性分析探讨了核心作者在学科知识交流中的影响力,通过核心—边缘结构分析,揭示了不同核心作者在学科知识交流中的地位与作用。研究表明我国档案学领域的学科知识交流不够充分,知识交流网络结构有待优化。 相似文献
17.
Eric Ketelaar 《Archival Science》2010,10(4):345-352
This article reviews how the journal Archival Science––International Journal on Recorded Information in the first 10 years has endeavoured to be integrated, interdisciplinary, and intercultural in promoting the development
of archival science as an autonomous scientific discipline. 相似文献
18.
应对档案信息化建设由“信息管理范式”向“知识管理范式”迁移的挑战,为档案数据化工程技术规范的制定提供基础逻辑支持是当前我国档案学研究的迫切任务。本文在梳理档案数据化工程运行机理的基础上,提出“档案数据基因系统”的概念,从逻辑框架、数据模板、数据规则和技术体系四个方面解析了其原理并对实践应用提出若干建议。“档案数据基因系统”是致力于实现大规模多源异构档案数据跨系统融合共享的逻辑框架、数据模板、数据规则和技术体系的总称,对于提升档案数据化工作的规范化程度,建设可信社会记忆基础设施,提供智能化档案信息服务具有重要理论与实践价值。 相似文献
19.
20.
Larry Brown Liz Darhansoff Richard Howorth Shannon Ravenel Ina Stern 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1993,9(4):41-52
An author, editor, agent, marketing director, and bookseller describe in turn how one book—Facing the Music: Short Stories by Larry Brown—made the journey from a writer's brain to readers' brains.
Larry Brown is the author of two novels,Dirty Work andJoe, and two short-story collections,Facing the Music andBig Bad Love. His next book,On Fire, is a nonfiction account of his experiences in the Oxford, Mississippi, Fire Department. Liz Darhansoff is a literary agent
with Darhansoff and Verrill Literary Agency, New York. Richard Howorth is an Oxford bookseller who serves on theParis Review's Booksellers' Advisory Board, the Board of Directors of the Mississippi Institute of Arts and Letters, and the Board of Directors
of the American Booksellers Association. He chairs the ABA's Publisher Relations Committee and in 1986 was awarded the Charles
S. Haslam Award for excellence in bookselling. Shannon Ravenel is editorial director of Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill and
the editor of its annualNew Stories from, the South. From 1977 to 1990 she was series editor forBest American Short Stories, and she editedThe Best American Short Stories of the Eighties. Ina Stern is marketing director of Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill. 相似文献