Panic and panacea: brain drain and science and technology human capital policy   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Sally Davenport 《Research Policy》2004,33(4):617-630

Brain drain, the diffusion of skilled human capital, particularly scientific and technical human capital (STHC), from home to host country, is of concern to many nations. Traditional brain drain ‘control’ policies target the human capital embodied in a skilled individual. Based on a case study of brain drain panic in New Zealand in 2000, this paper explores new ‘stimulation’ brain drain policy approaches, including building research excellence and exploiting the diaspora, that take into account the situated and networked nature of STHC. Diaspora policies imply a reframing of ‘national’ STHC no longer circumscribed by geographic boundaries but by national affiliation.  相似文献   

e-Learning情感计算模型设计研究     

贺斌 《远程教育杂志》2011,29(4):103-110

目前,绝大多数e-Learning系统是在传统智力观指导下设计开发而成,严重忽视了学习者情感智能的发展。脑科学研究表明,情感在注意、记忆、推理和决策等方面发挥重要作用。以情感计算学说、人工心理学、脑科学等相关理论为指导,赋予计算机和网络以情感智能,以设计出支持适应性学习的e-Learning情感计算模型。  相似文献   

The many faces of mobility: Using bibliometric data to measure the movement of scientists     

Nicolás Robinson-Garcia  Cassidy R. Sugimoto  Dakota Murray  Alfredo Yegros-Yegros  Vincent Larivière  Rodrigo Costas 《Journal of Informetrics》2019,13(1):50-63

This paper presents a methodological framework for developing scientific mobility indicators based on bibliometric data. We identify nearly 16 million individual authors from publications covered in the Web of Science for the 2008–2015 period. Based on the information provided across individuals’ publication records, we propose a general classification for analyzing scientific mobility using institutional affiliation changes. We distinguish between migrants--authors who have ruptures with their country of origin--and travelers--authors who gain additional affiliations while maintaining affiliation with their country of origin. We find that 3.7% of researchers who have published at least one paper over the period are mobile. Travelers represent 72.7% of all mobile scholars, but migrants have higher scientific impact. We apply this classification at the country level, expanding the classification to incorporate the directionality of scientists’ mobility (i.e., incoming and outgoing). We provide a brief analysis to highlight the utility of the proposed taxonomy to study scholarly mobility and discuss the implications for science policy.  相似文献   

中小民营通信企业人才流失问题分析与对策     

陶蓉 《贺州学院学报》2011,27(4):131-133,144

首先对中小民营通信企业的行业人才结构、流动性进行了调查与分析,并着重分析了我国中小民营通信企业的人才流失问题;根据目前多数企业员工绩效管理的现状,对绩效管理存在问题的原因进行剖析,提出从企业角度出发应对人才流失需要作出的改进措施与绩效评价制度的建立。  相似文献   

大脑可塑性和儿童认知能力研究进展对我国学校体育改革的启示     

董进霞  钟秉枢  布鲁斯·维科斯乐 《体育与科学》2014,(6):101-105

以大脑认知开发为着眼点的教育改革是国际上新近出现的一个值得关注的现象。本文全面介绍和分析了脑科学、认知能力和体育活动关系研究方面的新动态、重点关注的问题和主要结论,包括:人的大脑结构和功能是变化发展的,教育对大脑可塑性影响很大;依据大脑可塑性理论,儿童的认知能力是发展变化的;体育活动对大脑的发展和认知能力发展有积极的作用。这些研究将对我国的教育改革、体育活动在教育中的地位和价值带来一定的影响。  相似文献   

运动与脑健康     

刘瑾彦  王勇 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2008,26(4):4-6

有关人类脑健康的问题已经引起全世界的广泛关注。动物研究表明,运动可以促进动物脑的神经再生,改善人脑的认知功能,提高学习和记忆能力;并进而介导脑老化的进程,防止脑衰老;此外,运动还可促进帕金森病的行为恢复。以上这些相关研究主要以成年动物或人为研究对象,但生命早期的运动对于脑发育乃至以后整个生命过程中脑健康的影响问题是值得我们去思考和探讨的。  相似文献   

Comparison of brain activation during norm-referenced versus criterion-referenced feedback: The role of perceived competence and performance-approach goals     

Sung-il Kim  Myung-Jin LeeYoonkyung Chung  Mimi Bong 《Contemporary educational psychology》2010

The patterns of brain activation during norm-referenced and criterion-referenced feedback were compared, using the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Twenty-two healthy right-handed individuals performed a series of perceptual judgment tasks while their brain activity was recorded. The participants responded to a performance-approach goal survey and performed practice trials prior to scanning, during which their perceived competence toward the novel task was manipulated with bogus performance information. During scanning, the participants received either norm-referenced or criterion-referenced feedback after each performance. The brain regions associated with negative affect including the posterior cingulate cortex, the medial frontal gyrus, and the inferior parietal lobule were recruited during norm-referenced feedback only among the low-competence participants. In contrast, significant activation was observed in the identical cortical areas involved in negative affect during criterion-referenced feedback only among the high-competence participants. Regardless of the level of perceived competence, performance-approach goal scores correlated positively with activation in the brain areas implicated in the negative emotion during norm-referenced feedback. The present findings provide insight into the potential costs and benefits of normative assessment.  相似文献   

重症监护病房脑出血并发肺部感染病原学研究     

张新莉  刚丽  蒋志宏 《大连大学学报》2009,30(3):108-109,112

对重症监护病房（ICU）123例脑出血合并肺部感染患者的痰培养及药敏结果进行分析,结果显示,123例检出151株致病菌,其中革兰阴性菌（G^-菌）占65．6％,革兰阳性菌（G^＋菌）占25．1％;G^＋菌对多粘菌素B、亚安培南敏感,G^＋菌对万古霉素敏感,G^-菌及G^＋菌对三代头孢菌素具有普遍耐药性。ICU内脑出血合并肺部感染病原菌以G^-菌为主,应重视对耐药性的监测及对抗生素的合理应用。  相似文献   

中小型民营企业人才流失探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

路阳 《安阳工学院学报》2006,(6):43-45

人才流失问题严重影响中小型民营企业的生存和发展。人才流失将给企业发展带来重置成本高、无形资产流失、冲击员工心理等危害。民营企业必须积极寻找控制民企人才流失的路径。  相似文献   

河南省社科优秀成果奖学术影响力研究     

周春雷  曹玲静 《中国科技期刊研究》2017,28(8):748-756

【目的】 研究河南省社会科学优秀成果奖的学术影响力,分析社会科学领域发展现状,提出改进建议。【方法】 以2002—2014年河南省社会科学优秀成果奖的获奖信息为研究对象,从获奖作品、作者、机构、施引者、施引期刊以及学科分布等角度深入分析,并与教育部高校社科优秀成果奖进行对比研究,力图全方位、多层次探讨获奖成果的学术影响力。【结果】 河南省社会科学优秀成果奖获奖成果的整体学术影响力较小,在国内具有优势的研究领域为文学、历史学,但是某些学科存在较为明显的学术领军人才流失现象。【结论】 建议进一步完善河南省社会科学优秀成果奖的评价体系,加强对各领域优秀学术人才的识别与管理,促进哲学社会科学的繁荣发展。  相似文献