共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 345 毫秒
1.
运用IsoMed2000型肌力测试系统，选择60°/s和240°/s，对23名优秀男子散打运动员（健将级9名为A组，国家一级14名为B组）支撑腿和进攻腿髋、膝、踝屈伸肌群各项等速肌力指标进行测量。探讨优秀散打运动员支撑腿和进攻腿髋、膝、踝关节等速肌力特征，分析两腿的肌力差异，判断肌力平衡、关节稳定，运动员等级水平对肌力的影响。结果：国家健将级散打运动员双侧下肢髋、膝、踝关节等速肌力及稳定性显著优于国家一级运动员，支撑腿主要体现力的有效传递及稳定性，进攻腿主要体现屈伸肌力大小。 相似文献
2.
男子跳高一二级运动员髋关节肌力特征对比研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用等速测力实验等研究方法，对男子跳高一二级运动员髋关节肌力进行测试分析。发现两者表现出以下肌力平衡特征：一级运动员髋关节的肌力特征与跳高起跳技术用力特点相一致，即摆动腿髋关节屈肌力显著大于起跳腿，屈肌缺失值和伸肌缺失值较大；摆动腿髋关节屈伸比大、起跳腿小。而二级运动员髋关节肌力矩未表现出此特征。 相似文献
3.
男性核心肌力与平衡能力的增龄性变化及其相关性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:探索城市男性核心肌力与平衡能力的增龄性变化规律及两者的相关性。研究对象:330名5~60岁城市健康男性。测试样本年龄段的划分除15~17岁和18~25岁各为一个年龄段外,其他均为每5岁一个年龄段,共11个年龄组,每组30人。研究方法:采用平衡仪、闭眼单腿站立测试仪和平衡木测试受试者的平衡机能;采用1 min仰卧起坐测试、背力测试和侧面身体动力柱桥测试等方法测试受试者的核心肌力。研究结果:城市男性核心肌力与平衡能力的增龄性变化均呈现先增至某一峰值,后逐渐减小趋势;平衡能力综合值与核心肌力之间具有显著的相关性。结论:核心肌力的增龄性变化可能是导致城市男性平衡能力增龄性变化的主要因素之一。 相似文献
4.
下肢功能测试（单脚跳远、单脚侧向跳、单脚箱跳和单脚8字跳）可较好评估前十字韧带功能不良，但目前相关应用研究较少。本研究对15名接受前十字韧带重建术重返赛场的女子运动员，平均年龄（22.3±3.5） 岁，重返时间为术后9~12个月依次完成KOOS量表、等速肌力测试和下肢功能测试，采用配对T检验比较手术腿与健侧腿的下肢功能测试和等速肌力成绩的差异。采用皮尔逊积差相关系数检验全部测试结果的相关性。结果发现，单脚跳远成绩患侧腿明显低于健侧腿，箱跳成绩患侧腿低于健侧腿，8字跳和侧向跳成绩两侧无差异； 60°/s伸展、180°/s屈曲峰力矩患侧腿与健侧腿存在差异；单腿跳远成绩与60°/s伸展峰力矩具有相关性（r=0.605），箱跳成绩与180°/s屈曲峰力矩具有相关性（r=0.560）。表明ACLR术后9~12个月重返赛场的女子运动员仍普遍存在股四头肌力量和腘绳肌力量耐力对称性不良，应避免全力的制动和起跳落地动作；运动员重返赛前应该通过膝关节等速肌力和下肢功能测试完整了解膝关节功能的恢复情况；而KOOS评分量表用于运动员ACLR术后重返赛场决策敏感度不佳。 相似文献
5.
侧高举腿立踵平衡动作生物力学分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文运用一台高速摄影机、三维测力系统及等速测试系统（MERAC）对部分优秀艺术体操运动员的侧高举腿立踵平衡动作进行了有关运动生物力学指标的测试，并对20名不同等级水平的艺术体操运动员进行了下肢肌力方面的测试。 相似文献
6.
跳高、排球运动员膝关节屈伸肌群生物力学的特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过应用Cybex-6000等速测试系统对22名排球运动员和28名跳高运动员膝关节肌力进行等速向心肌力测试,以探讨排球、跳高两个不同项目运动员膝关节屈伸等速肌力特征及差别.测试结果表明:跳高运动员优势腿、非优势腿股四头肌相对峰力矩在360(o)/s和90(o)/s上均大于排球运动员;而排球运动员腘绳肌相对峰力矩与跳高运动员无明显差异,排球运动员双侧腘绳肌峰力矩(90(o)/s)差异程度显著小于跳高运动员;排球运动员在90(o)/s的速度下测得的股四头肌与胭绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)要显著低于跳高运动员,随着角速度的变化(90~360(o)/s),排球运动员和跳高运动员股四头肌与胭绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)均随之增大. 相似文献
7.
男子皮艇、划艇运动员膝关节等速向心肌力异同性探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过应用Cybex-6000等速测试系统对12名男子皮艇运动员和12名划艇运动员膝关节肌力进行测试,以探讨划艇、男子皮艇运动员两个不同项目运动员膝关节肌力特征及差别。测试结果表明:划艇运动员跪腿、非跪腿股四头肌峰力矩在360°/s和90°/s上均大于男子皮艇运动员,而划艇运动员绳肌峰力矩与男子皮艇运动员无明显差异;而划艇运动员双侧绳肌峰力矩(90°/s)差异程度显著大于男子皮艇运动员;划艇运动员在90°/s的速度下测得的股四头肌/绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)要显著高于男子皮艇运动员;随着角速度的增快(90°/s→360°/s),并且划艇运动员和男子皮艇运动员股四头肌/绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)均随之增大;没有发现不同水平的球员之间膝关节等速肌力测试结果存在很大差异。 相似文献
8.
排球、足球运动员膝关节等速向心肌力测试比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
韦斌斌 《西安体育学院学报》2010,27(5)
通过应用Cybex-6000等速测试系统对28名排球运动员和46名足球运动员(5名守门员、16名后卫、15名中场、10名前锋)膝关节肌力进行测试,以探讨排球、足球两个不同项目运动员膝关节肌力特征及差别.测试结果表明:排球运动员优势腿、非优势腿股四头肌峰力矩在360 °/s和90 °/s上均大于足球运动员,而排球运动员腘绳肌峰力矩与足球运动员无明显差异;而排球运动员双侧腘绳肌峰力矩(90 °/s)差异程度显著小于足球运动员;排球运动员在90 °/s的速度下测得的股四头肌/腘绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)要显著低于足球运动员随着角速度的增快(90 °/s→360 °/s),并且排球运动员和足球运动员股四头肌/腘绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)均随之增大;没有发现不同位置的球员之间膝关节等速肌力测试结果存在很大差异. 相似文献
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10.
利用CYBEX-NormT等速测试系统对我国46名优秀女子足球运动员膝关节屈伸肌群进行等速向心收缩测试与分析,结果提示:(1)提高我国女子足球运动员伸肌的最大力量和快速力量是提高运动能力的关键;(2)为防止腘绳肌的拉伤,应适当提高女足队员的膝关节屈肌的力量;(3)我国女子足球运动员膝关节屈伸肌比率不均衡是导致膝关节损伤的主要原因,力量训练中应加强屈、伸肌力量,尤其是伸肌的力量,以改善屈伸比率的不平衡,防止损伤的发生;(4)我国女子足球运动员存在两腿屈、伸肌力量不平衡现象,在力量训练中,应加强对弱势腿的力量训练,以保证两腿的肌力平衡,防止损伤的发生。 相似文献
11.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(4):318-326
AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine whether split step (small hop before step) would be more beneficial than no-split condition in simulated tennis response situation. In addition, it was studied if movement time of the response is related to separately measured force production capabilities and reflex sensitivity of the players. Nine skilled male tennis players participated in this study. Subjects stood on a force plate and reacted to a light signal and moved to appointed direction as fast as possible. With split step the participants were 13.1% faster (P <0.05) than without split step from the start to the distal end of the so called close range movement continuum (2.70 m). This was mainly explained by 43.6% faster time (P <0.05) from the signal to the onset of force production. Greater vertical forces were observed with split step: 15.7% greater F(z) mean force (P <0.05), 60.0% greater F(z) peak force (P<0.01). In split step both mean (r= ? 0.813, P <0.01) and peak (r=?0.765, P <0.05) vertical forces (Fz) correlated negatively with the time from the onset of the force production to the photocell. With split step higher EMGs were observed in muscles responsible for ankle joint movement indicating that different strategies were used. Due to the split step the players were able to start the movement faster which mostly explains the advantages over the no-split step condition. Split step condition may also benefit from stretch shortening type of muscle action. 相似文献
12.
ABSTRACTSprint cycling performance depends upon the balance between muscle and drag forces. This study assessed the influence of upper body position on muscle forces and aerodynamics during seated sprint cycling. Thirteen competitive cyclists attended two sessions. The first session was used to determine handlebar positions to achieve pre-determined hip flexion angles (70–110° in 10° increments) using dynamic bicycle fitting. In the second session, full body kinematics and pedal forces were recorded throughout 2x6-s seated sprints at the pre-determined handlebar positions, and frontal plane images were used to determine the projected frontal area. Leg work, joint work, muscle forces and frontal area were compared at three upper body positions, being optimum (maximum leg work), optimal+10° and optimal-10° of hip flexion. Larger hip (p = 0.01–0.02) and reduced knee (p = 0.02–0.03) contribution to leg work were observed at the optimal+10° position without changes at the ankle joint (p = 0.39). No differences were observed in peak muscle forces across the three body positions (p = 0.06–0.48). Frontal area was reduced at optimum+10° of hip flexion when compared to optimum (p = 0.02) and optimum-10° (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that large changes in upper body position can influence aerodynamics and alter contributions from the knee and hip joints, without influencing peak muscle forces. 相似文献
13.
铅球是所有田径项目中对力量要求较高的运动项目之一。有研究证明,运动员专项力量水平的高低是铅球运动员取得优异成绩的关键因素之一。铅球属于典型的速度-力量型运动项目,运动员在瞬间发挥出最大的肌力,以最快的速度完成动作,所以较强的专项力量是运动员必须具备的力量素质。我国铅球运动员专项力量训练存在的不足,从而导致专项成绩上不去,影响到运动员的专项水平。进一步认识铅球的专项力量特征,研究影响铅球运动员专项力量提高的因素,探讨专项力量训练的方法和手段,为铅球教练员和运动员走合理的力量训练道路提供参考和帮助。 相似文献
14.
场地自行车男子短距离项目包括争先赛、凯林赛和团体竞速赛。凡是符合专项比赛要求的力量就是专项力量,场地短距离项目的专项力量是运动员在最佳传动比的前提下,达到并保持最大骑行频率的踏蹬力。场地男子短距离项目的专项力量训练应采用小负荷快速发力的训练形式,训练手段应在动作结构、肌肉用力顺序和供能方式等方面与专项运动特征相近。目前,在一般力量训练与专项力量训练的关系、专项力量训练手段等方面还需要进一步深入研究。 相似文献
15.
目的:探讨多模态功能训练对功能性踝关节不稳(Functional ankle instability,FAI)患者肌肉力量、本体感觉功能和动态平衡能力的影响。方法:45名FAI患者随机分为常规力量训练组(strengh training,ST组,n=22)和多模态功能训练组(multimodal function training,MFT组,n=23)。ST组常规力量训练,MFT组在常规力量力量训练的基础上增加本体感觉和姿势控制训练,康复训练共进行8周,2个训练周期。实验前后分别对2组实验对象患侧踝关节屈、伸、内翻和外翻肌群60°/s和180°/s等动向心收缩相对峰值力矩、本体感觉(踝关节屈、伸、内收和外翻运动感觉功能、腓骨肌反应时)和动态平衡能力(前方得分(A)、后内侧得分(PM)、后外侧得分(PL)和YBT-CS总得分)进行测试。结果:1)2组受试者患侧踝关节60°/s和180°/s等动向心踝关节肌群相对峰值力矩均显著大于实验前(P<0.05),且二者组间没有显著性差异(P>0.05);2)实验后,ST组本体感觉功能没有显著性改变(P>0.05),MFI组本体感觉各项指标均显著小于实验前(P<0.005,P<0.01,P<0.05),且均显著低于ST组(P<0.05);3)试验后,2组受试者动态平衡各指标均优于实验前(P<0.05,P<0.01),且MFI动态平衡各项指标均优于ST组(P>0.05)。结论:MFT康复训练能够显著改善FAI患者肌力、本体感觉和动态平衡能力,且效果更优于ST组。 相似文献
16.
The aims of the present study were to examine quantitatively ground reaction forces, kinematics, and muscle activations during the windmill softball pitch, and to determine relationships between knee valgus and muscle activations, ball velocity and muscle activation as well as ball velocity and ground reaction forces. It was hypothesized that there would be an inverse relationship between degree of knee valgus and muscle activation, a direct relationship between ground reaction forces and ball velocity, and non-stride leg muscle activations and ball velocity. Ten female windmill softball pitchers (age 17.6 ± 3.47 years, stature 1.67 ± 0.07 m, weight 67.4 ± 12.2 kg) participated. Dependent variables were ball velocity, surface electromyographic (sEMG), kinematic, and kinetic data while the participant was the independent variable. Stride foot contact reported peak vertical forces of 179% body weight. There were positive relationships between ball velocity and ground reaction force (r = 0.758, n = 10, P = 0.029) as well as ball velocity and non-stride leg gluteus maximus (r = 0.851, n = 10, P = 0.007) and medius (r = 0.760, n = 10, P = 0.029) muscle activity, while there was no notable relationship between knee valgus and muscle activation. As the windmill softball pitcher increased ball velocity, her vertical ground reaction forces also increased. Proper conditioning of the lumbopelvic-hip complex, including the gluteals, is essential for injury prevention. From the data presented, it is evident that bilateral strength and conditioning of the gluteal muscle group is salient in the windmill softball pitch as an attempt to decrease incidence of injury. 相似文献
17.
Robert Eberle Dieter Heinrich Peter Kaps Michael Oberguggenberger Werner Nachbauer 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(12):1125-1133
A common anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury situation in alpine ski racing is landing back-weighted after a jump. Simulated back-weighted landing situations showed higher ACL-injury risk for increasing ski boot rear stiffness (SBRS) without considering muscles. It is well known that muscle forces affect ACL tensile forces during landing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different SBRS on the maximal ACL tensile forces during injury prone landings considering muscle forces by a two-dimensional musculoskeletal simulation model. Injury prone situations for ACL-injuries were generated by the musculoskeletal simulation model using measured kinematics of a non-injury situation and the method of Monte Carlo simulation. Subsequently, the SBRS was varied for injury prone landings. The maximal ACL tensile forces and contributing factors to the ACL forces were compared for the different SBRS. In the injury prone landings the maximal ACL tensile forces increased with increasing SBRS. It was found that the higher maximal ACL force was caused by higher forces acting on the tibia by the boot and by higher quadriceps muscle forces both due to the higher SBRS. Practical experience suggested that the reduction of SBRS is not accepted by ski racers due to performance reasons. Thus, preventive measures may concentrate on the reduction of the quadriceps muscle force during impact. 相似文献
18.
本文采用文献资料、数据分析等方法对三级跳远的平衡能力重要性进行分析研究。结论:越是技术好成绩优异的运动员,身体躯干越稳定,使水平速度能更好的保持到最后,为创造好成绩奠定基础;要想更好的将身体素质转化到专项技术,需要空中很好的专项技术动作平衡能力,这种维持身体姿势,做出高难度专项动作的能力是三级跳远运动员必备的基本能力;三级跳远运动员躯干的前倾角度和侧倾角度对于运动员的成绩有重要影响。建议:有针对性的将训练手段往专项技术转换,能更准确有效的提高运动员专项能力的提高,进而促进专项成绩的提高;根据运动生物力学规律和运动解剖学,重点增强专项技术用力频繁的主要肌肉群,尤其是增加躯干核心肌肉群的练习;适当的静力性练习可以很好的发展运动员某个区域的绝对力量和力量耐力,但是要掌握好量和强度。 相似文献
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Introduction: Adolescent fast bowlers are prone to sustaining lumbar injuries. Numerous components have been identified as contributing factors; however, there is limited empirical evidence outlining how the muscles of the lumbopelvic region, which play a vital role in stabilising the spine, function during the bowling action and the influence of such activation on injuries in the fast bowler. Methods: Surface electromyography was utilised to measure the function of the lumbar erector spinae, lumbar multifidus, gluteus medius and gluteus maximus muscles bilaterally during the fast bowling action in a group of 35 cricket fast bowlers aged 12–16 years. Results: Two prominent periods of activation occurred in each of the muscles examined. The period of greatest mean activation in the erector spinae and multifidus occurred near back foot contact (BFC) and within the post-ball-release (BR) phase. The period of greatest mean activation for the gluteus medius and gluteus maximus occurred during phases of ipsilateral foot contact. Discussion: The greatest periods of muscle activation in the paraspinal and gluteal muscles occurred at times where vertical forces were high such as BFC, and in the phases near BR where substantial shear forces are present. Conclusion: The posterior muscles within the lumbopelvic region appear to play a prominent role during the bowling action, specifically when compressive and shear forces are high. Further research is required to substantiate these findings and establish the role of the lumbopelvic muscles in the aetiology of lumbar injury in the cricket fast bowler. 相似文献