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1.
《Government Information Quarterly》2004,21(2):143-155
Public records and archives constitute a valuable part of sub-Saharan Africa's (SSA) cultural heritage. However, technological advances threaten long-term access to public records and archives. The computer (and its associated technologies) is the major driving force behind the technological changes affecting access to information. The use of information technologies has led to the proliferation of digital information. There are significant challenges associated with ensuring access to digital materials into the future as compared with traditionally paper-based information. A recent survey of selected countries from SSA revealed that long-term access to records and archives is going to be hampered by lack of resources and plans for ensuring access to information resulting from the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs). The development of strategies for managing digital documents over time is key to accessing the cultural heritage of SSA by the present and future generations. 相似文献
2.
Cloud services are increasingly seen as a flexible strategy for platform, infrastructure and software. Given the cloud’s claimed economic benefits archives and records professionals are now using cloud services for the storage of digital records and data. However, in determining whether or not to use the cloud for records and/or data storage, what models are available to them for estimating the cost and the medium-to-long-term financial implications for their organisations? This article identifies models available for estimating cloud storage costs and presents the results of an international survey into their use in the decision-making process with a series of real use case examples illustrating their value. The study highlights a series of important implications for archivists and records managers. These include the importance and challenges of using the models, their lack of widespread use, their adequacy, and the multiple players who should be involved in their application and development. Archivists and records managers need greater awareness and understanding of the models so they can play a central role in the cloud storage decision-making process and in the development of more effective costing models. 相似文献
3.
2017年8月,美国国家档案馆宣布2022年底前将停止接收各联邦机构移交的非电子档案。未来的美国国家档案馆将演变为单套制数字档案馆。其数字档案馆核心系统ERA建设内容包括两个中心、三个实例、四大功能,2015年启动的ERA 2.0使用便捷方法开发三个主要模块。ERA提高了联邦政府文件处理与归档效率,改进了档案管理,简化了档案利用,提升了电子档案保存支持。ERA给予我们的启示是单套归档,档案馆将不再接收纸质档案等非电子档案,这是人类社会档案存史方式的重大改变。单套制的数字档案馆是一套复杂的系统,集成了多样化的档案管理功能与系统运行支持功能。系统必须不断升级、与时俱进。 相似文献
4.
BACKGROUND: Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are important tools for development. Despite its significant growth on a global scale, Internet access is limited in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Few studies have explored Internet access, use of electronic resources and ICT training among health information professionals in Africa. OBJECTIVE: The study assessed Internet access, use of electronic resources and ICT training among health information professionals in SSA. METHODS: A 26-item self-administered questionnaire in English and French was used for data collection. The questionnaire was completed by health information professionals from five Listservs and delegates at the 10th biannual Congress of the Association of Health Information and Libraries in Africa (AHILA). RESULTS: A total of 121 respondents participated in the study and, of those, 68% lived in their countries' capital. The majority (85.1%) had Internet access at work and 40.8% used cybercafes as alternative access points. Slightly less than two-thirds (61.2%) first learned to use ICT through self-teaching, whilst 70.2% had not received any formal training in the previous year. Eighty-eight per cent of respondents required further ICT training. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: In SSA, freely available digital information resources are underutilized by health information professionals. ICT training is recommended to optimize use of digital resources. To harness these resources, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations must play a key role. 相似文献
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6.
从严格意义上说,现行文件确实也是一种真实的历史记录,但我们必须清楚,现行文件作为一种真实的历史记录与半现行文件和非现行文件作为一种真实的历史记录是有本质区别的,即使如拉丁语系国家那样把现行文件认作档案也是如此,现行文件的超前归档并不意味着文件运动出现了跳跃,文件仍处于现行期,我们最好还是抛弃"现行文件也是真实的历史记录"的观念,否则就会出现许多令人难以接受的结论. 相似文献
7.
Ellen Ndeshi Namhila 《Archival Science》2016,16(2):111-123
Namibians often find themselves in situations of litigation where they need person-related records to defend their rights and privileges. Such person-related records include birth, adoption, marriage, or divorce or deceased estates. It has been observed that the institution where such records should be expected, the National Archives of Namibia often cannot retrieve person-related records of persons previously classified as non-whites under colonial and apartheid laws. Many native Namibians end up losing property or have problems claiming their constitutional rights due to lack of evidence. The purpose of this paper was to explore whether the existing archival literature can guide National Archives of new and emerging African nations on how to handle challenges brought about by gaps in inherited colonial archives. Using a literature survey to explore the state of what is written on the content and usage of colonial archives in post-colonial era, this article argues that the content and use of colonial archives in Africa do not feature prominently in the literature of archival science. Although there has been a rising interest on the subject during the last decade, none of this emerging literature has systematically studied archives in depth with a view on what these archives contain for the non-academic user, what they neglect and what they lack altogether in serving the needs of all citizens in post-colonial states. It recommends that archival scholars as well as archival institutions increase research into this neglected area. Raising awareness may produce academic discourse to help archivists in newly decolonised countries to competently support users whose inquiries currently cannot be answered by the inherited colonial archives collections. 相似文献
8.
Shadrack Katuu 《档案与原稿》2013,41(2):96-119
The development of education and training opportunities for professionals in the archives and records management (ARM) profession in Africa has been the subject of a number of professional discussions in the past. However, a significant number of recent developments and trends have not been captured in these discussions. This article provides a historical outline and some of the major developments of ARM education and training in Africa. In addition, it traces some of the key challenges educators and trainers currently face. The article demonstrates the diversity that exists in the African continent both in the variety of institutions and the types of qualifications offered in archives and records management. It provides a glimpse of the growth of universities in the continent using the case study of Kenya. While this growth provides greater education and training opportunities, there is a need to examine its impact on quality. The article suggests the strengthening of graduate-level education as well as participation in global research to mitigate against risks in the quality of ARM education and training. 相似文献
9.
电子文件的形成可以分为自然形成与受控形成两种。"自然"与"受控"是相对于有没有档案管理功能参与其中而言的。自然形成是指一般意义上的计算机文件的创建与制作,形成的是"裸文件"。受控形成是指通过对电子文件实行捕获、集成、固化、登记、审计跟踪等功能发挥档案管理、控制作用。受控形成的电子文件是在"裸文件"基础之上集成了实现文件凭证价值的必要信息的复合文件。前端控制与全程管理思想的实质说明,只有受控形成的电子文件才能真正归档并作为档案单套保存。 相似文献
10.
档案工作数字化转型是适应数字中国发展战略、提高档案治理效能、实现档案事业高质量发展的必然选择和必经之路。档案工作数字化转型是数字技术变革带来的档案工作理念、工作流程、工作模式等行业内容的质变。现阶段,我国档案工作数字化转型面临转型战略规划尚未形成、转型能力不平衡、转型要素供给不匹配等现实困境,可以从制定战略规划、强化转型能力、保障要素供给等方面推进档案工作数字化转型升级。 相似文献
11.
Kirsten Wright 《Archival Science》2009,9(1-2):99-111
This paper investigates the describing, dissemination and archiving of records, which have previously not been well described by archives. It asks if new methods of accessing the archive may be used to improve understandings of such records. Specifically, this paper will investigate the records created about tattoos in the nineteenth century following the European exploration of Polynesia, and the transmission of tattoos to the West. The ways in which this indigenous cultural practice was interpreted and recorded are discussed with reference to the records created. Tattoos are inherently physical records, which do not survive beyond the lifespan of their owner. The archiving process for tattoos has thus relied on preserving representations of the tattoo. This paper will ask what these representations of tattoos actually provide evidence of and will use two case studies to examine how records about tattoos have been archived. Finally, it is suggested that a more holistic understanding of tattooing records may be achieved through new ways of describing and classifying records, such as folksonomy. 相似文献
12.
Bruno Delmas 《Archival Science》2001,1(1):25-37
It is only a few decades ago that archivists befan to redefine their discipline in terms of a science. This redefinition of
archives and records management was the consequence of a growing need for an adequate expression referring to a comprehensive
new body of knowledge on records and archives. Consensus on how to adequately define archival science has not been achieved
yet, however. As information society evolves, records and archives are changing in nature and status. It is an emerging discipline
that has to be defined, which is still bears the impress of the mindset and practices of the industrial society. Bruno Delmas
shows the archivist some clues to find a way out of this ambiguity and keep communicating human heritage to unknown generations. 相似文献
13.
北京市区域性数字档案馆项目BRDA建设内容主要包括ICT基础设施、数字档案资源、应用系统和保障体系。在功能上实现馆室机构全覆盖、管理对象全覆盖、档案业务全覆盖、资源建设全覆盖、系统功能全覆盖、网络范围全覆盖和保障体系全覆盖。BRDA给予我们的启示是区域性聚合,即将同一地区各档案机构的资源在基础层面基于云计算技术进行聚合,采用集约化模式建设,实现一站式服务。 相似文献
14.
“档案数字化”和“数字化档案”等观念的提出,意味着档案学者对数字技术到来的认可,其结果是档案数字化将促成档案从知识策略到记忆策略转换的转变。这种转变的最大意义在于档案资源不仅限于文本的数字化,还包括物体、场景以及行为的数字化,使面向数字人文的档案资源整合成为大趋势。在文化遗产数字化建档保护过程中,各主体参与数字化采集、保存和利用,化档案归档移交为参与式数字化建档。本文在分析文化遗产数字化建档的趋势和面临挑战的基础上,分析其理论基础和建档模式,并提出具体实施策略。 相似文献
15.
数字时代,文件档案管理数字转型已成必然趋势。澳大利亚联邦政府于2011年发布了首个数字信息政策,目前正在制定2021年第三项政策。10年来,澳大利亚国家档案馆以支持联邦政府数字转型为导向,在数字信息管理方面取得了重要进展,逐步实现从纸质信息管理到数字信息管理的转型,但也在治理、互操作、存储和处置等方面面临着新的挑战。 相似文献
16.
英国ARCHANGEL是全球首个专门针对电子档案信任管理的区块链应用研究项目,旨在利用区块链存储电子档案内容证据,为档案利用者提供可靠的档案完整性认证服务。文章按照区块链的核心技术构成,对ARCHANGEL的技术逻辑和应用过程进行了剖析,并分析了其内在的电子档案信任管理模式及其与现有模式之间的关系。在此基础上,提出借助区块链技术建立档案信任基础设施,为多种类型档案及其档案保管机构提供信任管理支撑,档案行政管理部门也应针对档案信任区块链树立新的信任意识、制定管理规范、制定数据标准、建立统一平台。最后,文章从区块链技术应用对于档案信任管理的局限性、可持续问题及其对于档案价值属性、电子档案构成等基本理论问题的冲击三个方面对档案学界可能要应对的研究问题进行了论述。 相似文献
17.
数字档案管理系统是基于实体档案馆信息化的数字档案馆建设的核心内容。目前关于此类档案馆的理论研究集中在顶层设计、基础框架、技术路线等策略层面,在具体执行中缺乏可操作性;同时中小规模的地方档案馆在现实中面临基础设施落后、业务经费有限、系统检索低效、电子文件管理混乱等问题,如何能从自身需求出发以较低的成本建设高效的数字档案馆系统是中小档案馆数字化实践中的关键问题。温哥华数字档案馆经济高效的建设方式有一定启发。本文基于对温哥华档案馆的实地调研,分析了其数字档案馆系统的建设过程,总结了促成其系统经济高效运作的4个因素,最后探讨了其建设方式对解决我国中小档案馆实践问题的借鉴意义。 相似文献
18.
Based on a discussion about appraisal which has been going on for over a 100 years, the so-called vertical and horizontal appraisal have been developed and tested since the middle of the 1990s. During this process the tasks, functions and competences of the agencies, which are to be appraised were analysed. The appraisal of the content itself is undertaken only when multiple archival processing has been eliminated by this method and the most significant records identified. Actual tasks and functions of single administrative branches of different institutions (federal government, states, counties, and municipalities) are appraised, apart from already closed records. In this way, agencies creating archives and records today receive written decisions on the appraisal of records, which will be offered to the archives in future. Archivists of different institutions are involved in this appraisal procedure. The experience gained here has continually developed the techniques of vertical and horizontal appraisal. This appraisal procedure is being further developed in a constant balance between theory and practice. 相似文献
19.
In recent years there has been growing interest in the discipline of computing in relation to cultural heritage, parallel with developments in greater user participation in archives and advances in documentation work. These trends are reflected in the case of a documentation project of an old Chinese cemetery in Singapore, Bukit Brown Cemetery. This case was characterised by tensions among the ‘wild’ array of emerging individual participants and archivists that took the momentum away from both more formal NGOs and government institutions in documenting, archiving and raising awareness of the heritage of the site when part of it was announced to be set aside for a new highway. The case presents a compelling need for participatory archives, facilitated by computing interventions encouraging public engagement and visits to the site. Being actively involved in the documentation process, the authors reflect on how conceptual frameworks of records may assist in designing new media innovations and informing the ways by which a cemetery may be documented. Through these reflections, the authors argue for the active participation of archivists and records professionals in documentation work, and demonstrate how, in the creation and keeping of records, they shape the collective imagination of the public and other stakeholders in heritage sites. 相似文献
20.
Rapid technological advances are fuelling trust requirements and concerns about public and private sector records alike. To guarantee the reliability and authenticity of records requires a framework of policies, procedures, technologies, and intentional action or intervention by ??trusted custodians?? who have the knowledge required for attesting to and ensuring the continuing authenticity of the records. Records professionals have claimed the role of trusted keepers of the authentic record of our times, but how do they earn that trust? To begin, by acquiring competence. In order to define what kind of education would contribute to qualifying records professionals as competent, it is necessary to identify the components of knowledge they require and the role that society at large expects of them. The responsibilities and challenges presented by managing digital records through time are ones that records professionals should not meet in isolation. In order for records to be able to serve as evidence of actions and events, they must be protected as such. Records-related knowledge requirements are being articulated in the related disciplines of archival science and records management, law, digital forensics, and information assurance and cyber-security. The need for interdisciplinary knowledge to understand and manage the complexities of digital records is being realized in new research alliances that foster the development of knowledge that can support the role of trusted keepers of the authentic record of our times. One such alliance is the Digital Records Forensics Project at the University of British Columbia. 相似文献