共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 406 毫秒
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[目的/意义]分析与研究科学文献传播网络发展趋势,为揭示科研新成果、把握科技发展脉络以及发现学科领域内前沿发展动态提供参考借鉴。[方法/过程]阐述知识进化理论及其应用,探讨知识进化视角下的科学文献传播网络预测方法可行性,通过对科学文献传播网络的演化机制分析,构建科学文献传播网络预测模型,并以科学文献关键词网络进行实证分析。[结果/结论]通过科学文献数据实证分析表明,提出的知识进化视角下科学文献传播网络演化与趋势预测方法具有可行性和有效性,可以为科学文献传播网络的趋势发展分析提供新的研究思路。 相似文献
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科学知识借助引用关系发生动态扩散,客观记录科学发展与演化的轨迹。由于知识之间存在千丝万缕的联系,以孤立的观点看待科学知识的影响与价值往往得到的是片面的感观。本文从联系的视角观察科学知识产出,尝试通过被引、引用、文献耦合与共被引等文献关系为单篇论著构建引文扩散网络,探讨"文献嵌入网络"的概念、测度方式及其在引文扩散过程中起到的特殊作用。案例分析显示,科学知识的形成相伴于科学知识网络的发展,同时也受到这个网络的影响:科学知识向科学领域的扩散,遵循从核心领域向周边领域的扩散模式;施引文献可以揭示目标文献中没有显式呈现的信息;四种文献关系之间可能存在相当程度的重合,引文扩散过程显示出知识的"黏滞性"与非常明显的"小世界"特征。对科学产出的扩散网络进行量化有助于为全面评价其价值提供更多客观依据。 相似文献
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Chaomei Chen Yue Chen Mark Horowitz Haiyan Hou Zeyuan Liu Donald Pellegrino 《Journal of Informetrics》2009,3(3):191-209
We propose an explanatory and computational theory of transformative discoveries in science. The theory is derived from a recurring theme found in a diverse range of scientific change, scientific discovery, and knowledge diffusion theories in philosophy of science, sociology of science, social network analysis, and information science. The theory extends the concept of structural holes from social networks to a broader range of associative networks found in science studies, especially including networks that reflect underlying intellectual structures such as co-citation networks and collaboration networks. The central premise is that connecting otherwise disparate patches of knowledge is a valuable mechanism of creative thinking in general and transformative scientific discovery in particular. In addition, the premise consistently explains the value of connecting people from different disciplinary specialties. The theory not only explains the nature of transformative discoveries in terms of the brokerage mechanism but also characterizes the subsequent diffusion process as optimal information foraging in a problem space. Complementary to epidemiological models of diffusion, foraging-based conceptualizations offer a unified framework for arriving at insightful discoveries and optimizing subsequent pathways of search in a problem space. Structural and temporal properties of potentially high-impact scientific discoveries are derived from the theory to characterize the emergence and evolution of intellectual networks of a field. Two Nobel Prize winning discoveries, the discovery of Helicobacter pylori and gene targeting techniques, and a discovery in string theory demonstrated such properties. Connections to and differences from existing approaches are discussed. The primary value of the theory is that it provides not only a computational model of intellectual growth, but also concrete and constructive explanations of where one may find insightful inspirations for transformative scientific discoveries. 相似文献
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数据密集、语义、可视化与互动出版:全球科技出版发展趋势研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
探讨全球科技出版领域呈现的数据密集型出版、语义出版、可视化出版与互动出版等趋势.指出数据密集型出版从宏观层面构建海量数据的框架蓝图,为科学范式的转变提供基础环境;语义出版通过对各种文献进行标引关联,从微观层面铺设结构化数据的基础设施,解决数据和信息的机器理解问题;可视化出版作为重要的直观表达工具,从文献组成部分、文献架构、文献网络三个层面最大限度地提升科研人员获取信息的效率和效果;互动出版目前以学术维基出版物和全新的同行评议为主要特色,既是“无形学院”在网络 环境下的延伸,也渗透于正式科学交流中,从读者和用户层面打破科学信息开放、共享、交流的主要障碍. 相似文献
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创造"共享、重组、再造"的新型信息交流平台,建立可以更好地服务于研究者的科学交流模式,是适应科学交流发展的必然要求。发挥传统图书馆学技术优势,深入挖掘开放存取平台的科学交流服务功能,构建网络环境下科学交流的新模式,是网络时代图书馆走出危机并走向辉煌的重要途径。本文就图书馆在基于开放存取平台的科学交流中所起的作用进行了探讨。认为在现在知识库中增加构建知识节点图、开展个性化服务、构建数字化学习平台等功能是图书馆在开放获取环境下促进科学交流的重要手段。 相似文献
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O. V. Syuntyurenko 《Scientific and Technical Information Processing》2015,42(4):205-210
This paper explores the impact of new information technologies on the development of social communication and social systems. The properties and features of the modern information environment are analyzed. The factors and technologies of information warfare and confrontation are investigated. The role of information communication technologies in the operation of social-network movements is demonstrated. The means and methods of the mass media, social networks, and destructive network technologies that are applied to manipulate group behavior and to transform public opinion are exposed. The potential of sociodynamics as a new instrument of targeted impact on social systems is explored. Possible risks and threats that face the development of telecommunication systems and networks are assessed. Conclusions and relevant activities are formulated to prevent the rise of information confrontations and to mitigate hidden impacts and threats to the country’s social-economic, scientific, and technological development. 相似文献
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从科研合作角度出发,学科知识流动是指科研学者在共同的科研过程中,将相同或不同的学科知识融合、最终产生新知识的过程。基于这一理论,运用科学计量学的方法,设定恰当的计量指标,以药物化学学科为例,以独著论文中的学科知识流动表现为基础,对比分析科研合作视角下的学科知识在学科内与学科外的流动表现及其变化。最后对中国、美国、日本3个国家在此领域中表现出来的学科知识流动差异进行分析,展示各个国家药物化学领域的学科知识流向及其研究动态变化。 相似文献
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In this paper, we examine how patterns of scientific collaboration contribute to knowledge creation and diffusion. Recent studies have shown that scientists can benefit from their position within collaborative networks by being able to receive more information of better quality in a timely fashion, and by presiding over communication between collaborators. Here we focus on the tendency of scientists to cluster into tightly knit communities, and discuss the implications of this tendency for scientific production. We begin by reviewing a new method for finding communities, and we then assess its benefits in terms of computation time and accuracy. While communities often serve as a taxonomic scheme to map knowledge domains, they also affect the way scientists engage in the creation of new knowledge. By drawing on the longstanding debate on the relative benefits of social cohesion and brokerage, we discuss the conditions that facilitate collaborations among scientists within or across communities. We show that highly cited scientific production occurs within communities, when scientists have cohesive collaborations with others from the same knowledge domain, and across communities, when scientists intermediate among otherwise disconnected collaborators from different knowledge domains. We also discuss the implications of communities for information diffusion, and show how traditional epidemiological approaches need to be refined to take knowledge heterogeneity into account and preserve the system’s ability to promote creative processes of novel recombinations of ideas. 相似文献
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《Journal of Informetrics》2023,17(1):101372
Based on complementarity in terms of factors such as skill and knowledge, researchers might build long-term partnerships with one another during their scientific careers. It has been shown that such relationships have a significant positive impact on researchers’ scientific performance. However, the preferential connection mechanism in collaboration networks actually suggests the unequal positions of participants in the process of scientific collaboration. This study argues that this phenomenon is very similar to the symbiosis function in the natural world. Hence, this work provides a novel interpretation of scientific collaboration patterns from the perspective of symbiosis. In more detail, long-term collaboration relationships are investigated based on the scope of an academician dataset with multiple fields and an economic dataset. With the aid of a quantitative metric for symbiosis degree, six meta-patterns of the short-term evolution of symbiosis degree are proposed. Furthermore, by exploring the evolution of meta-patterns, four scientific collaboration patterns are summarized according to the common characteristics as follows: leading growth, continuous leadership, chasing each other, and standing on equal footing. Extensive experimental results on an academician dataset with multiple fields show that the collaboration network evolution of four collaboration patterns is consistent with our summarized characteristics based on symbiosis. This indicates that our symbiosis-based framework can be used to effectively interpret the developmental and evolutionary trajectories of scientific collaboration. 相似文献
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将科学元素注入文创产品,一定程度上为科普产品的品质提升和市场拓展提供了新思路。科普文创产品连接着科学与受众,为公众汲取科学知识、感悟科学文化提供了新途径。本文基于科普文创产品发展的现状及问题,从感质理论和新4C理论层面提出科普文创产品的设计与传播策略,突破传统文创产品的设计形式和传播方式,为科普文创产品的发展提供多维度创新的可能。 相似文献
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以为知识网络是知识在创新网络中转移和流动的一种具体体现。通过采用社会网络分析方法,研究东莞电子信息产业集群中的技术知识网络、管理知识网络和市场知识网络。实证结果表明:三类知识网络既密切相关又具有很大的差异,产业集群中的企业在合作中除了交流技术知识,同时也进行着市场知识和管理知识的交流。整合技术、市场和管理知识的能力对于企业的发展意义重大。本研究在一定程度上拓展了创新网络的研究视角,也为创新网络理论的发展提供本土经验证据。 相似文献
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知识资源的语义表示和出版模式研究——以Nanopublication为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海量科学文献和数据为科学研究和交流带来了前所未有的巨大挑战,而传统出版物存在机器可读性差、缺乏知识关联性、不利于新的科学结论发现与传播等不足。本文以概念网络联盟(Concept Web Alliance)提出的纳米出版物模式(Nanopublication)为例,介绍面向大数据处理的新的知识资源语义表示、组织和出版模式,介绍其含义、核心模型、表示形式、构建方法,并从出版、知识组织、知识服务等多角度探讨其应用价值,以期为研究者了解知识资源的语义表达、组织和出版提供参考和帮助。图3。表1。参考文献18。 相似文献
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科学传播是共享科学技术研究和开发的相关信息的人类传播活动,可促进科学共同体与公众的沟通,参与并提高公民科学素质的研究和实践领域。在新冠疫情的背景下,其重要性和研究价值愈发凸显。为了梳理近十年来国内外科学传播发展的状况,跟踪该领域前沿研究进展,对比国内外研究之差异和差距,本文借助文献计量学方法、共词网络分析和知识图谱等手段,对科学传播领域的研究论文发表情况进行总结,并从研究机构、学术期刊、作者、国家和地区等不同维度对科学传播的学科建制发展进行深入剖析。最后,通过共词网络分析,本文对此领域的研究内容和主要议题进行分析和可视化呈现,以期为科学传播领域的研究者、实践者乃至参与其中的公众提供参考和启发。 相似文献
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信息网络的发展与高校图书馆资源共享 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
梁红 《现代图书情报技术》1997,13(5):24-28
本文论述了我国文献信息保障体系的现状, 提出了在高度信息化的社会中, 高校图书馆现代化的发展对科技文化的交流、社会主义经济建设的发展和综合国力的提高起着至关重要的作用。探讨了图书馆之间利用网络进行文献资源共享的可能性和优越性, 并对我国高校图书馆计算机网络建设提出了可行性建议。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]通过对知识网络中心性的动态分析,揭示领域知识发展过程的规律与模式。此类探究对于洞悉知识发展过程中的衍生、交叉、融合等现象具有重要意义。[方法/过程]以复杂网络分析中的中心性分析技术为主要研究方法,基于领域关键词共现关系构建领域知识网络。从核心涌现性、桥接控制性、关联紧密性3个方面,对特定领域知识发展过程进行时间序列的动态跟踪与分析。[结果/结论]研究结果表明,知识关联关系的增长速度远高于文献与关键词的增长速度;领域中知识的核心涌现程度呈波动状态发展;领域知识之间的桥接控制程度随时间推移呈上升趋势;领域中知识间的关联紧密性在时间轴上逐渐松散。这些领域知识演化规律的揭示,有助于把握领域知识演进的发展脉络,对于揭示知识发展模式与规律具有积极的促进作用。 相似文献
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《Journalism Practice》2013,7(1):17-32
When news reporters connect people in a news story they essentially construct social networks in the news media. Networks through which news sources can be aligned symbolically in written, audible or visual form. This particular type of network is first defined and described with reference to the ways in which the concept of networks has previously been used by researchers and news reporters. Following this conceptualization the vision of networks in the news media and the adjacent vocabulary are then operationalized and used as a backdrop for an analysis of Danish newspapers from 1905 to 2005. This is an approach that can help delineate—and graphically visualize—how networks in the news media have evolved over the past century, and the content analysis shows that the socio-symbolic networks not only augment communicative actors and structures from parliament and other pre-existing platforms for communication, but also complement or even substitute them. The development offers people both inside and outside news rooms new potentials—and problems—when it comes to affecting the lives of people connected directly or indirectly to the networks. 相似文献
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We analyze whether preferential attachment in scientific coauthorship networks is different for authors with different forms of centrality. Using a complete database for the scientific specialty of research about “steel structures,” we show that betweenness centrality of an existing node is a significantly better predictor of preferential attachment by new entrants than degree or closeness centrality. During the growth of a network, preferential attachment shifts from (local) degree centrality to betweenness centrality as a global measure. An interpretation is that supervisors of PhD projects and postdocs broker between new entrants and the already existing network, and thus become focal to preferential attachment. Because of this mediation, scholarly networks can be expected to develop differently from networks which are predicated on preferential attachment to nodes with high degree centrality. 相似文献