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1.
Pauliina Husu Jaana Suni Kari Tokola Henri Vähä-Ypyä Heli Valkeinen Tomi Mäki-Opas 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(16):1840-1848
This cross-sectional study analysed the association of sedentary behaviour (SB) and standing with waist circumference. Finnish adults aged 30-75 years from a sub-sample of population-based Health 2011 Study used a hip-worn tri-axial accelerometer (Hookie AM20, Traxmeet, Ltd, Espoo, Finland) for seven days. Those 1405 participants (57% women) who used accelerometer at least four days, minimum of 10 hours/day, were included. SB and standing were analysed in 6s epochs using validated algorithm. Daily total time, daily number and accumulated time from bouts (30s–5min,30s–10min,30s–15min,30s 30min,>5min,>10min,>15min, >30min) as well as daily number of sit-to-stand transitions were determined. Waist circumference (cm) was measured in standardized way. Participants’ mean age was 52 years (SD 12.2). Mean waist circumference was 97cm (SD 12.3) in men and 87cm (SD 12.7) in women. According to multivariable stepwise linear regression analysis, sit-to-stand transitions [standardised regression coefficient (β)= -0.14, 95%CI -0.20 to -0.09], standing bouts of 30s–5min (β= -0.21, 95%CI -0.26 to -0.15) and number of 30s-30min SB bouts (β=0.12, 95%CI 0.06 to 0.17) were most strongly associated with waist circumference. Besides assessing total SB time, future studies should assess also different bout lengths of SB and sit-to-stand transitions and standing times should be assessed separately. 相似文献
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This study examined parent-child emotion discourse, children's independent social information processing, and social skills outcomes in 146 families of 8-year-olds with and without developmental delays. Children's emergent social-cognitive understanding (internal state understanding, perspective taking, and causal reasoning and problem solving) was coded in the context of parent-child conversations about emotion, and children were interviewed separately to assess social problem solving. Mothers, fathers, and teachers reported on children's social skills. The proposed strengths-based model partially accounted for social skills differences between typically developing children and children with delays. A multigroup analysis of the model linking emotion discourse to social skills through children's prosocial problem solving suggested that processes operated similarly for the two groups. Implications for ecologically focused prevention and intervention are discussed. 相似文献
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Kettunen Jaana Makela Julia Panke 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2019,19(3):345-362
International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance - This article reports on a phenomenographic investigation into practitioners’ conceptions of ethical practice in social... 相似文献
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Katja Vähäsantanen Jaana Saarinen Anneli Eteläpelto 《International Journal of Educational Research》2009,48(6):395-404
This paper investigates agency among vocational teachers with reference to boundary-crossing between school and working life. Our study utilised interviews with sixteen Finnish vocational teachers. Adopting a narrative analysis approach, we found that the teachers had a variety of forms of exercising agency in terms of decisions deliberately taken, and the discourse and actions following these decisions. These forms were: (i) restricted agency, (ii) extensive agency, (iii) multifaceted balancing agency, (iv) situationally diverse agency, and (v) relationally emergent agency. The exercising of agency was intertwined with the main resources and constraints emerging from the teachers’ sense of their professional self, their awareness of their relationships to workplace personnel, and their views of the professional tasks determined by the school. Depending on its nature and direction, agency appears to create diverse conditions for teachers’ productive work in boundary-crossing settings, for developing education and for remaking the work practices of workplaces. 相似文献
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Jaana Viljaranta Marja-Kristiina Lerkkanen Anna-Maija Poikkeus Kaisa Aunola Jari-Erik Nurmi 《Learning and Instruction》2009,19(4):335-344
To examine the cross-lagged relationships between children's task motivation in mathematics and literacy, and their related performance, 139 children aged 5–6 years were examined twice during their kindergarten year. The results showed that only math-related task motivation and arithmetic performance showed cross-lagged relationship: the higher the math-related task motivation children reported in the beginning of the kindergarten year the higher the level of their arithmetic performance at the end of the kindergarten year. Moreover, the higher the level of children's arithmetic performance the more the interest in mathematics children reported later on. Literacy-related task motivation and literacy performance did not show a similar pattern of relations. 相似文献
6.
The effects of query structures and query expansion (QE) on retrieval performance were tested with a best match retrieval system (InQuery1). Query structure means the use of operators to express the relations between search keys. Six different structures were tested, representing strong structures (e.g., queries with facets or concepts identified) and weak structures (no concepts identified, a query is a bag of search keys). QE was based on concepts, which were first selected from a searching thesaurus, and then expanded by semantic relationships given in the thesaurus. The expansion levels were (a) no expansion, (b) a synonym expansion, (c) a narrower concept expansion, (d) an associative concept expansion, and (e) a cumulative expansion of all other expansions. With weak structures and Boolean structured queries, QE was not very effective. The best performance was achieved with a combination of a facet structure, where search keys within a facet were treated as instances of one search key (the SYN operator), and the largest expansion. 相似文献
7.
Attributional rules that govern students’ self‐presentation tactics in school situations are presented. Recent research is reviewed that shows how children learn to strategically manipulate their teachers’ and classmates’ social responses toward themselves by varying their public accounts of achievement failures and successes. The implications of changing social dynamics on students’ achievement motivation and school behavior are discussed. 相似文献
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Children's Temperament and Academic Skill Development During First Grade: Teachers' Interaction Styles as Mediators 
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下载免费PDF全文 Jaana Viljaranta Kaisa Aunola Sari Mullola Johanna Virkkala Riikka Hirvonen Eija Pakarinen Jari‐Erik Nurmi 《Child development》2015,86(4):1191-1209
The present study followed 156 Finnish children (Mage = 7.25 years) during the first grade of primary school to examine to what extent parent‐ and teacher‐rated temperament impacts children's math and reading skill development during the first grade, and the extent to which this impact would be mediated by teachers' interaction styles with the children. The results showed that the impact of children's low task orientation and negative emotionality on their math skill development was mediated via teachers' behavioral control and, among girls, also by psychological control. The negative impact of children's inhibition on math skill development, in turn, was not mediated via teachers' interaction styles. Temperament did not predict the children's reading skill development during first grade. 相似文献
10.
H. Xu T. Suni V. Vuorinen J. Li H. Heikkinen P. Monnoyer M. Paulasto-Krockel 《上海大学学报(英文版)》2013,(3):226-235
Hermetic packaging is often an essential requirement to enable proper functionality throughout the device＇s lifetime and ensure the optimal performance of a micro electronic mechanical system （MEMS） device. Solid-liquid interdiffusion （SLID） bonding is a novel and attractive way to encapsulate MEMS devices at a wafer level. SLID bonding utilizes a low-melting-point metal to reduce the bonding process temperature; and metallic seal rings take out less of the valuable surface area and have a lower gas permeability compared to polymer or glass- based sealing materials. In addition, ductile metals can adopt mechanical and thermo-mechanical stresses during their service lifetime, which improves their reliability. In this study, the principles of Au-Sn and Cu-Sn SLID bonding are presented, which are meant to be used for wafer-level hermetic sealing of MEMS resonators. Seal rings in 15.24 cm silicon wafers were bonded at a width of 60 gin, electroplated, and used with Au-Sn and Cu-Sn layer structures. The wafer bonding temperature varied between 300 ℃ and 350 ℃, and the bonding force was 3.5 kN under the ambient pressure, that is, it was less than 0.1 Pa. A shear test was used to compare the mechanical properties of the interconnections between both material systems, in addition, important factors pertaining to bond ring design are discussed according to their effects on the failure mechanisms. The results show that the design ofmetal structures can significantly affect the reliability of bond rings. 相似文献