共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
肥胖儿减肥的运动处方和营养调配 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过查阅大量运动、减肥、饮食等资料,对儿童运动与减肥、饮食与肥胖之间的关系进行系统研究,制定出一套适合儿童身心特点的单纯性肥胖儿减肥的运动处方和营养调配。旨在预防和治疗儿童单纯性肥胖症。 相似文献
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初中肥胖女生运动减肥实验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对初中肥胖女生在体育课和课外体育活动中应用运动处方的实验研究,探讨运动对青春发育期的肥胖女生减肥的效果.实验结果表明,对初中肥胖女生实施游戏性、趣味性运动处方教学是切实可行的,运动是初中肥胖女生减肥的一种有效方式. 相似文献
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本研究旨在针对肥胖幼儿特点建立科学、有效的减肥运动处方,改善幼儿体质,促进其身心健康发展。1.研究对象:幼儿园26名幼儿,其中4岁8人(男5,女3),5岁12人(男5,女7),6岁6人(男3,女3)。2.研究方法:对26名4～6岁肥胖幼儿进行渐增负荷乳酸阈运动实验,采用血乳酸─心率拐点法确定运动处方强度控制的靶心率,根据靶心率设计幼儿减肥运动处方,并对受试者进行8周减肥运动处方实验。结果:经过8周减肥运动处方实验,肥胖儿体重平均减轻1.31kg,皮脂厚度平均减小4.6mm,腰围平均缩小2.6cm;心功能较实验前明显增长(P<0.05),10m×2往返跑、立定跳远成绩较实… 相似文献
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把湖南女子职业大学肥胖女生340人（23≤BMI≤38）分为实验组和对照组。实验组实施＂减肥运动处方＂12周,对照组不进行运动干预,只进行日常活动12周。实验前后分别测量两组6个生理指标（身高、体重、体重指数、腰围、肺活量指数、台阶实验指数）和1个心理指标（SCL-90）,并进行比较。结果表明：1）以有氧运动为主,力量练习为辅并控制饮食的减肥运动处方不但能有效地减少脂肪,适当增加瘦体重,而且心肺功能得到明显的改善,同时对促进肥胖女生塑造健美的体型有很好的作用;2）实施减肥运动处方对肥胖女生心理健康有良好的影响。 相似文献
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采用试验测试法、文献资料法,数理统计法及试验对照法,以陕西省西安石油大学2012、2013级的30名男性肥胖者为研究对象,有针对性地设计并实施运动处方。运动前后对受试者的各项身体形态指标及生理生化指标进行测试,得出数据并进行统计、分析。研究结果显示:运动处方实施后,受试者的身高、高密度脂蛋白等指标与运动处方实施前不存在显著性差异(P>0.05);受试者的体重、BMI值、体脂百分比均下降,且与运动处方实施前存在显著性差异(P<0.05);5项皮褶厚度中,腹部皮褶厚度、肩胛下皮褶厚度、肱三头肌皮褶厚度、大腿皮褶厚度均与运动处方实施前存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,减肥运动处方的实施不仅能够有效地改善肥胖男生身体形态,同时可以改善脂质代谢的调节,从而起到良好的减肥降脂的效果。坚持以运动减肥为主导,以控制饮食,纠正不良的生活方式为保障的综合减肥方法是切实可行的科学减肥方案。 相似文献
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肥胖儿童运动疗法的效果观察 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
为探讨健身运动对肥胖儿童身体健康的影响,为肥胖儿童健身运动处方的制定与实施提供理论与实践依据。随机选择20名肥胖儿童进行为期12周的综合运动训练,测试运动前后的身体形态及机能的多项指标,并与随机选择的20名肥胖儿童(未接受运动处方)的相应指标进行比较,结果表明接受训练的肥胖儿童的各项身体指标变化与未接受训练的肥胖儿童的各指标变化的比较,具有显著或非常显著的差异,运动效果显著。运动能有效地降低体脂,增加瘦体重,改善儿童心肺功能和身体素质。 相似文献
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随着人们生活水平提高和活动量的减少,肥胖人群日益增多。肥胖被认为是过多脂肪在体内堆积,从而引发危害人体健康的一种流行性疾病。大量研究表明,在各种减肥方式中,运动不仅能有效的减少体内多余脂肪、改善人体形态,还有降压的效果。怎样科学有效的运动减肥引起了人们的普遍关注。长期以来的研究认为,适量的有氧运动是运动减肥的主要手段。而近期的报道认为,力量训练在减肥运动处方中也占据重要地位,减肥者在进行力量训练时各机能、系统都能受到良好的影响。也就是说科学合理的安排有氧运动、力量训练能够达到更为理想的减肥效果。本文通过阅读大量文献资料,从力量训练生理机制方面展开论述,进一步分析如何科学有效的应用有氧运动和力量训练进行减肥。以期能够通过本文提示人们合理制定减肥处方,远离肥胖和疾病。 相似文献
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4周有氧运动对肥胖儿童少年动脉粥样硬化致病相关因子的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:观察4周有氧运动对肥胖儿童少年运动减肥后体脂率、胰岛素、血脂、血管慢性炎症因子等动脉粥样硬化致病相关因子的影响。方法:以参加2011年上海巅峰运动减肥夏令营的30名肥胖儿童少年为研究对象,进行4周中小强度有氧运动为主结合适当饮食控制的减肥运动训练。分别于运动减肥的前一天和最后一天测试受试对象身高、体重、体脂率等身体形态指标及血液指标。结果:运动后肥胖儿童少年体脂率显著下降,空腹血清胰岛素、血脂水平与运动前相比均有明显改善,血清脂蛋白酯酶水平明显升高,脂酰辅酶A胆固醇酰基转移酶-2、肿瘤坏死因子-α、血管内皮细胞生长因子水平显著降低。结论:4周有氧运动可以明显降低肥胖儿童少年的肥胖程度、胰岛素水平,明显改善胰岛素敏感性和血脂代谢,一定程度上抑制血管内皮功能障碍及炎性病变,对预防肥胖青少年成年后发生动脉粥样硬化具有积极的作用。 相似文献
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张龙 《体育成人教育学刊》2006,22(3):34-36
少儿单纯性肥胖的预防和干预是一项系统工程,在分析少儿身心发展特点的基础上,探讨了体育运动干预对单纯性肥胖少儿身心效益的影响,并提出了以体育运动为主导的综合干预模式。 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(1):100-105
AbstractEven though the effect of single components contributing to weight gain in children have been addressed only limited research is available on the combined association of sports participation, physical fitness and time spent watching TV with body weight in children. Baseline data from 1594 children (809 male; 785 female), 7.1±0.6 years of age participating in a large school-based intervention in southern Germany was used. Height and weight was measured and body mass index (BMI) percentiles (BMIPCT) were determined accordingly. Sports participation and time spent watching TV was assessed via parent questionnaire while fitness was determined via a composite fitness test. Combined and single associations of sports participation, TV time and fitness with BMIPCT and weight status were assessed via ANCOVA as well as logistic regression analysis, controlling for age and sex. A significant interaction of TV time, sports participation and fitness on BMIPCT occurred, despite low correlations among the three components. Further, there was a combined association of sports participation and TV time on BMIPCT. TV time and fitness were also independently associated with BMIPCT. Similarly, only increased TV time and lower fitness were associated with a higher odds ratio for overweight/obesity. These results underline the complex interaction of TV time, sports participation and fitness with BMIPCT. In children, TV time and fitness have a stronger influence on BMIPCT compared to sports participation. Sports participation, however, may not reflect overall activity levels of children appropriately. More research is necessary to examine the complex interaction of various behaviours and fitness with BMIPCT. 相似文献
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为探讨体育干预对孤独症儿童的影响,对1名孤独症儿童进行体育干预研究.在个案评估的基础上,结合该患儿的生理结构特点,为其制定相应的体育活动训练计划,同时采用适当的教学方法进行教学.经过1年的体育干预,该患儿DSM-IV、CBS、CARS、ATEC量表测量结果均有好转.研究表明,体育活动在多个层面对孤独症患儿有着显著的影响,对患儿的心理矫正有着积极的作用,建议加强对该疗法的进一步深入研究,以期将其作为一种科学有效的孤独症儿童的行为治疗手段广泛采用. 相似文献
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Michael W. Beets Jorge A. Banda Heather E. Erwin Aaron Beighle 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):769-778
Childhood obesity prevention has fallen short of anticipated impact. Therefore, intervention programs need to be redirected to other potential settings to increase youth physical activity. This qualitative study, using autodriven interview techniques, was conducted to identify out-of-school settings that youth perceive as important for physical activity. Sixty-six children took photographs involving their physical activity involvement. A subsample completed follow-up focus groups. Salient themes included types of physical activities related to free play, fitness, organized sports, and chores. Most photographs included multiple children of similar age and were taken outdoors. Data suggest children associate chores with physical activity and engage in fitness-related activities. In addition, friends and family, the outdoors, and importantly, the home emerged as natural intervention components that may prove useful towards decreasing the physical inactivity and obesity of youth. 相似文献
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Childhood obesity prevention has fallen short of anticipated impact. Therefore, intervention programs need to be redirected to other potential settings to increase youth physical activity. This qualitative study, using autodriven interview techniques, was conducted to identify out-of-school settings that youth perceive as important for physical activity. Sixty-six children took photographs involving their physical activity involvement. A subsample completed follow-up focus groups. Salient themes included types of physical activities related to free play, fitness, organized sports, and chores. Most photographs included multiple children of similar age and were taken outdoors. Data suggest children associate chores with physical activity and engage in fitness-related activities. In addition, friends and family, the outdoors, and importantly, the home emerged as natural intervention components that may prove useful towards decreasing the physical inactivity and obesity of youth. 相似文献
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探索当前国际儿童肥胖症运动疗法研究的特征、趋势及热点内容，为不断推动我国儿童肥胖症运动疗法研究发展提供理论支撑。方法：计算机检索Web of Science、PubMed和EMbase数据库，收集以儿童肥胖与运动疗法为研究主题的科研文献，共1 469篇，借助SATI、SPSS、UCINET等软件对文献进行主题聚类与内容分析。结果：(1)有关儿童肥胖症运动疗法研究的发文量呈逐年递增趋势，发文量最多的国家为美国、英国、加拿大等西方经济发达国家；(2)研究力量主要分布于欧美地区的综合型高等院校之中，高产作者之间形成了6大凝聚力较强的核心科学研究合作集群，但其跨地域和跨机构间的合作交流并不密切；(3)学科领域以体育科学为主导，医学、营养学、内分泌与新陈代谢学、公共环境与职业健康、内科学、护理学、生理学、心理学、教育学、康复学、家庭科学、社会科学、生物医学和环境科学等多学科多领域互相交叉的综合性学科群；(4)研究热点主要围绕有氧运动、抗阻训练、运动与饮食、营养策略以及相关的流行疾病学等5个方面展开。结论：运动疗法在儿童肥胖预防与治疗过程中的应用是当前学者们关注的热点问题。研究热点揭示了当前国际儿童肥胖运动疗法主要内容，即有氧训练、抗阻训练以及有氧与抗阻训练联合的干预策略。其中，抗阻训练在预防和辅助治疗儿童肥胖方面具有较大的潜力和优势。 相似文献
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Although recommended in most treatment guidelines for child/adolescent rehabilitation, there is a lack of standards regarding the amount of exercise therapy that children and adolescents should receive during rehabilitation to ensure effective treatment. First, existing treatment guidelines were examined with regard to data on the frequency, duration, content, and modes of procedure of exercise therapy in the treatment of children and adolescents with asthma, obesity, and atopic dermatitis. Moreover, the actual implementation of exercise therapy in child/adolescent rehabilitative care was analyzed by using standardized data on the classification of therapeutic measures of the years 2007/2008 and comparing different rehabilitation centers. In the context of a nationwide survey, experts and clinicians were asked to describe and define how exercise therapy can be adopted in rehabilitative practice. On this basis, an expert workshop was conducted during which a pilot version of treatment guidelines for child/adolescent rehabilitation was developed and compared with actual medical care practice. Obese children/adolescents receive the highest amount of exercise therapy (4.7 h/week). However, children suffering from atopic dermatitis engage just as long in therapeutic exercises (1.9 h/week) as do children with asthma (1.9 h/week). Exercise therapy modules vary significantly between rehabilitation centers in terms of average frequency and duration. When comparing treatment guidelines and actual medical practice, it becomes apparent that only children up to the age of 7 with atopic dermatitis or asthma are provided to some degree adequately with exercise therapeutic treatment, whereas children aged 8 or older with asthma and/or obesity receive too little exercise therapy. Potential reasons for large variations between rehabilitation centers regarding the use of exercise therapy as well as possible factors that influence discrepancies between actual rehabilitative care practice and therapeutic guidelines are discussed. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):321-331
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Danish children from immigrant backgrounds are less physically active than children from the ethnic majority, and to investigate the possible reasons for any differences found. Accelerometer measures of physical activity as well as questionnaire data about organised sports, family demography, resources and values were collected from 594 children of whom 67 had other ethnic background than Danish. Data were collected when the children were 6–7 years old and again later when the children were 9–10 years old. It was found that children from immigrant backgrounds were not less physically active than other children when their amounts of daily physical activity were measured by direct objective measures, despite their participation rate in organised sports being much lower. Using multiple logistic regression modelling, this study showed that lack of parental experience with organised sports and lack of economic/material resources explained much of the difference in sports participation. Children of immigrant background had significant lower participation in club sports but this did not affect their overall physical activity level. 相似文献
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Arianna Ceschia Stefano Giacomini Simone Santarossa Miriam Rugo Desy Salvadego Alessandro Da Ponte 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(2):271-278
The prevalence of obesity in children has increased dramatically during the past decades in Europe and understanding physical fitness and its components in children is critical to design and implement effective interventions. The objective of the present study was to analyse the association between physical fitness (aerobic, speed, agility, power, flexibility and balance) and body mass index (BMI) in pre-pubertal children. A total of 2411 healthy schoolchildren (7–11 years) participated in this study. Anthropometric characteristics and body composition were assessed by skinfold thickness. Physical fitness was measured by nine physical fitness tests: endurance running, 20 m running speed, agility, handgrip strength, standing long jump and squat jump, sit and reach, medicine ball forward throw and static balance. No relevant differences were observed between boys and girls regarding anthropometric characteristics, body composition and physical fitness. However, overweight and obese children showed significantly lower physical fitness levels in endurance running, speed and agility (mean: +18.8, +5.5 and +14.5% of time to complete tasks, respectively), lower limb power normalised to body mass (?23.3%) and balance tests (number of falls: +165.5%) than their normal weight counterparts. On the other hand, obesity did not affect handgrip, throwing and flexibility. In conclusion, increased BMI was associated with lower performance capabilities limiting proper motor skill development, which directly affects the ability of children to take on sports skills. Actions undertaken to promote children's wellness and fitness should be prioritised and introduced early in life with the aim of enhancing physical fitness as well as preventing overweight and obesity. 相似文献